Due to the serious greenhouse gas effects caused by the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO_2,carbon capture and storage(CCS) has been an important area of research and many technologies are developed within th...Due to the serious greenhouse gas effects caused by the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO_2,carbon capture and storage(CCS) has been an important area of research and many technologies are developed within this field. Molten salt CO_2 capture and electrochemical transformation(MSCC-ET) process is a desirable method due to a high CO_2 solubility, a wide potential window of molten salts and easily-controlled electrode reactions. Generally, electro-splitting CO_2 in molten salts begins with CO_2 absorption reactions to form CO_3^(2-), which is then followed by the carbon deposition at the cathode and O_2 evolution at the anode. As a result, CO_2 is electro-converted to O_2 and carbon with different morphologies, compositions, microstructures and functional properties. This report introduces the MSCC-ET process, summarizes the reactions occurring in the molten salts and at the electrode surfaces, as well as the morphological variations of the cathodic products. The inert anode materials, cost estimation and scale-up evaluation of the process are then discussed. It is presumed that with a comprehensive understanding of the electrode reactions during electrolysis and the functional properties of carbon materials obtained during CO_2 electro-splitting can provide a foundation for further developing this environmentally friendly process.展开更多
The mechanisms of new particle formation(NPF)events that occurred under high aerosol loadings(“polluted”NPF)in the atmosphere have been unclear,which has inhibited the precision of particlepollution control.To deepe...The mechanisms of new particle formation(NPF)events that occurred under high aerosol loadings(“polluted”NPF)in the atmosphere have been unclear,which has inhibited the precision of particlepollution control.To deepen the understanding of how the“polluted”NPF events occur,a one-monthcomprehensive measurement was conducted in the atmosphere of Beijing during the summer of2016.The“clean”NPF events(frequency=22%)(condensation sink,CS<0.015 s^(-1))were found to becaused by local nucleation and growth.The“polluted”NPF events(frequency=28%)(CS>0.015 s^(-1))were influenced by both local nucleation-growth and regional transport,and the contributions from thetwo factors to 6e25 nm particle number concentration were 60%and 40%,respectively.This studyemphasized the importance of the transport for nanoparticles in relatively polluted atmospheres,and forthat the regional joint particle pollution control would be an essential policy.展开更多
基金funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51722404 and 51674177)
文摘Due to the serious greenhouse gas effects caused by the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO_2,carbon capture and storage(CCS) has been an important area of research and many technologies are developed within this field. Molten salt CO_2 capture and electrochemical transformation(MSCC-ET) process is a desirable method due to a high CO_2 solubility, a wide potential window of molten salts and easily-controlled electrode reactions. Generally, electro-splitting CO_2 in molten salts begins with CO_2 absorption reactions to form CO_3^(2-), which is then followed by the carbon deposition at the cathode and O_2 evolution at the anode. As a result, CO_2 is electro-converted to O_2 and carbon with different morphologies, compositions, microstructures and functional properties. This report introduces the MSCC-ET process, summarizes the reactions occurring in the molten salts and at the electrode surfaces, as well as the morphological variations of the cathodic products. The inert anode materials, cost estimation and scale-up evaluation of the process are then discussed. It is presumed that with a comprehensive understanding of the electrode reactions during electrolysis and the functional properties of carbon materials obtained during CO_2 electro-splitting can provide a foundation for further developing this environmentally friendly process.
基金This study is funded by the National Natural Science Foundationof China(NSFC)(grant No.91844301)the NSFC e Creative ResearchGroup Fund(grant No.22221004)+1 种基金the National Key Research andDevelopment Program of China(grant No.2022YFC3701000,Task1)the bilateral SwedeneChina framework program“Photochemical smog in China:formation,transformation,impactand abatement strategies”(grant No.639-2013-6917).
文摘The mechanisms of new particle formation(NPF)events that occurred under high aerosol loadings(“polluted”NPF)in the atmosphere have been unclear,which has inhibited the precision of particlepollution control.To deepen the understanding of how the“polluted”NPF events occur,a one-monthcomprehensive measurement was conducted in the atmosphere of Beijing during the summer of2016.The“clean”NPF events(frequency=22%)(condensation sink,CS<0.015 s^(-1))were found to becaused by local nucleation and growth.The“polluted”NPF events(frequency=28%)(CS>0.015 s^(-1))were influenced by both local nucleation-growth and regional transport,and the contributions from thetwo factors to 6e25 nm particle number concentration were 60%and 40%,respectively.This studyemphasized the importance of the transport for nanoparticles in relatively polluted atmospheres,and forthat the regional joint particle pollution control would be an essential policy.
