Background: Polyamines are essential for cell growth and beneficial for intestinal maturation. To evaluate the effects of putrescine on alleviating intestinal atrophy and underlying molecular mechanisms, both in vivo ...Background: Polyamines are essential for cell growth and beneficial for intestinal maturation. To evaluate the effects of putrescine on alleviating intestinal atrophy and underlying molecular mechanisms, both in vivo feeding trial and in vitro cell culture were conducted. Weanling pigs were fed a diet supplemented with 0, 0.1%, 0.2% or0.3% putrescine dihydrochloride, whereas porcine intestinal epithelial cells(IPEC-J2) were challenged with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in the presence of 200 μmol/L putrescine.Results: Dietary supplementation with 0.2% putrescine dihydrochloride decreased the incidence of diarrhea with an improvement in intestinal integrity. Inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase activity decreased the proliferation and migration of IPEC-J2 cells, and this effect was alleviated by the supplementation with putrescine. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase and focal adhesion kinase was enhanced by putrescine. LPS increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), interleukin 6(IL-6) and IL-8],and inhibited cell proliferation and migration in IPEC-J2 cells. Adding exogenous putrescine suppressed the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, and recovered cell migration and proliferation in LPS-treated IPEC-J2 cells. Dietary putrescine supplementation also reduced the m RNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 and their upstream regulator nuclear receptor kappa B p65 subunit in the jejunal mucosa of piglets.Conclusions: Dietary supplementation with putrescine mitigated mucosal atrophy in weanling piglets through improving anti-inflammatory function and suppressing inflammatory response. Our results have important implications for nutritional management of intestinal integrity and health in weanling piglets and other neonates.展开更多
As a thermophilic crop that originated in tropical and subtropical areas, rice is sensitive to low temperatures, particularly during the early seedling stage. Cold stress at the seedling stage inhibits chlorophyll bio...As a thermophilic crop that originated in tropical and subtropical areas, rice is sensitive to low temperatures, particularly during the early seedling stage. Cold stress at the seedling stage inhibits chlorophyll biosynthesis and causes oxidative damage, resulting in death(Zhao et al., 2020). Investigation of the mechanism of chloroplast development in rice seedlings under low-temperature conditions is important for breeding varieties with increased cold resistance.展开更多
Our previous study found that soybean isoflavones in soybean meal play an important role in improving growth performance and antioxidant capacity in pigs.However,it is still unknown whether long-term supplementation w...Our previous study found that soybean isoflavones in soybean meal play an important role in improving growth performance and antioxidant capacity in pigs.However,it is still unknown whether long-term supplementation with daidzein,an active molecule deglycosylated from daidzin,in a corn-soybean meal diet can enhance growth performance in pigs.Thus,in the present study,an animal trial was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with daidzein on the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of pigs.A total of 80 weaned piglets(40 barrows and 40 females)were assigned to 4treatments with 5 pens per treatment and 4 piglets per pen and fed a diet supplemented with 0,25,50 and 100 mg/kg daidzein for a 72-day trial.In addition,porcine intestinal epithelial cells(IPEC-J2)were used as an in vitro model to explore the underlying antioxidant mechanisms of daidzein.IPEC-J2 cells were treated with 0.6 mM hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))in the presence or absence of 40μM daidzein.The results showed that adding 50 mg/kg of daidzein to the diet significantly improved body weight on day72,average daily gain(ADG)during days 0 to 72 and plasma superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity on day42,and decreased malondialdehyde(MDA)content on day 14(P<0.05).Treatment with 0.6 m M H_(2)O_(2)for 1 h significantly decreased cell viability and catalase(CAT)activity and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels and MDA content(P<0.05),while pretreatment with 40μM daidzein prevented the decrease in cell viability and CAT activity and the increase in intracellular ROS levels and MDA content caused by H_(2)O_(2)(P<0.05).In addition,H_(2)O_(2)stimulation significantly suppressed the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2(Nrf2),CAT,occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),while pretreatment with daidzein preserved the expression of Nrf2,CAT and occludin in H_(2)O_(2)-stimulated IPEC-J2 cells(P<0.05).In conclusion,our results suggested that long-term dietary supplementation with 50 mg/kg daidzein improved growth performance in pigs and was beneficial to the antioxidant capacity of pigs.Daidzein exerted protective effects against H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative stress in IPEC-J2 cells and the underlying mechanism may be related to the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672438)the Elite Youth Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(to XL)Texas A&M Agri Life Research H-8200(to GW)
文摘Background: Polyamines are essential for cell growth and beneficial for intestinal maturation. To evaluate the effects of putrescine on alleviating intestinal atrophy and underlying molecular mechanisms, both in vivo feeding trial and in vitro cell culture were conducted. Weanling pigs were fed a diet supplemented with 0, 0.1%, 0.2% or0.3% putrescine dihydrochloride, whereas porcine intestinal epithelial cells(IPEC-J2) were challenged with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in the presence of 200 μmol/L putrescine.Results: Dietary supplementation with 0.2% putrescine dihydrochloride decreased the incidence of diarrhea with an improvement in intestinal integrity. Inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase activity decreased the proliferation and migration of IPEC-J2 cells, and this effect was alleviated by the supplementation with putrescine. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase and focal adhesion kinase was enhanced by putrescine. LPS increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), interleukin 6(IL-6) and IL-8],and inhibited cell proliferation and migration in IPEC-J2 cells. Adding exogenous putrescine suppressed the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, and recovered cell migration and proliferation in LPS-treated IPEC-J2 cells. Dietary putrescine supplementation also reduced the m RNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 and their upstream regulator nuclear receptor kappa B p65 subunit in the jejunal mucosa of piglets.Conclusions: Dietary supplementation with putrescine mitigated mucosal atrophy in weanling piglets through improving anti-inflammatory function and suppressing inflammatory response. Our results have important implications for nutritional management of intestinal integrity and health in weanling piglets and other neonates.
基金supported by the Key Laboratory of Biology,Genetics and Breeding of Japonica Rice in Mid-lower Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chinathe Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production,China+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92035301,31971910)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFE0202300)Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund project of Jiangsu Province(SCX(19)1079)。
文摘As a thermophilic crop that originated in tropical and subtropical areas, rice is sensitive to low temperatures, particularly during the early seedling stage. Cold stress at the seedling stage inhibits chlorophyll biosynthesis and causes oxidative damage, resulting in death(Zhao et al., 2020). Investigation of the mechanism of chloroplast development in rice seedlings under low-temperature conditions is important for breeding varieties with increased cold resistance.
基金supported by the Intergovernmental International Science,Technology and Innovation Cooperation Key Project of the National Key R&D Programme(2018YFE0111800)the Elite Youth Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(to X.L.).
文摘Our previous study found that soybean isoflavones in soybean meal play an important role in improving growth performance and antioxidant capacity in pigs.However,it is still unknown whether long-term supplementation with daidzein,an active molecule deglycosylated from daidzin,in a corn-soybean meal diet can enhance growth performance in pigs.Thus,in the present study,an animal trial was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with daidzein on the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of pigs.A total of 80 weaned piglets(40 barrows and 40 females)were assigned to 4treatments with 5 pens per treatment and 4 piglets per pen and fed a diet supplemented with 0,25,50 and 100 mg/kg daidzein for a 72-day trial.In addition,porcine intestinal epithelial cells(IPEC-J2)were used as an in vitro model to explore the underlying antioxidant mechanisms of daidzein.IPEC-J2 cells were treated with 0.6 mM hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))in the presence or absence of 40μM daidzein.The results showed that adding 50 mg/kg of daidzein to the diet significantly improved body weight on day72,average daily gain(ADG)during days 0 to 72 and plasma superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity on day42,and decreased malondialdehyde(MDA)content on day 14(P<0.05).Treatment with 0.6 m M H_(2)O_(2)for 1 h significantly decreased cell viability and catalase(CAT)activity and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels and MDA content(P<0.05),while pretreatment with 40μM daidzein prevented the decrease in cell viability and CAT activity and the increase in intracellular ROS levels and MDA content caused by H_(2)O_(2)(P<0.05).In addition,H_(2)O_(2)stimulation significantly suppressed the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2(Nrf2),CAT,occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),while pretreatment with daidzein preserved the expression of Nrf2,CAT and occludin in H_(2)O_(2)-stimulated IPEC-J2 cells(P<0.05).In conclusion,our results suggested that long-term dietary supplementation with 50 mg/kg daidzein improved growth performance in pigs and was beneficial to the antioxidant capacity of pigs.Daidzein exerted protective effects against H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative stress in IPEC-J2 cells and the underlying mechanism may be related to the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
