Stratigraphic Data and Groundwater Resources in the Coastal Sedimentary Basin of the Pointe-Noire Region (Republic of Congo)

The synthesis of geological and petroleum research undertaken in the coastal Sedimentary Basin of the Pointe-Noire region enabled the establishment of a lithostratigraphic scale. It has been observed that the order in which the series observed in outcrop and those encountered by deep wells succeed each other has allowed a value to be given to this relative scale. The study area corresponds to a longitudinal tectonic accident, fault or flexure. It belongs to the Cretaceous and Tertiary coastal sedimentary basin covered by the Plio-Pleistocene age formations (series of circuses), formed of highly permeable sands comprising multiple resistant horizons that store large bodies of water whose reserves are considered very important. Hydrographic network is composed of four main basins with a mediocre size. The quality of this groundwater is considered to be satisfactory for household consumption, but the sustainable management of these reserves requires constant checks on their quality as well as on the level of the reserves. All these resources put the agglomeration of Pointe-Noire close to large exploitable water reserves that meet the need for drinking water, even if, on the whole, the agglomeration is still experiencing many difficulties in terms of its drinking water supply.

Exergetic Analysis of a Refrigeration System with Mechanical Vapors Compression

The main purpose of this study is to improve the energy efficiency of a refrigerated facility by means of exergetic analysis. In order to achieve this goal, we have evaluated the input exergy flows of the whole system to deduce the exergetic yields, which are compared to the degree of irreversibility in order to have a qualitative measurement of energy losses. The concept of exergy is the part of energy that is virtually converted into work. The exergetic analysis was performed on a refrigeration unit ZR22K3E Copeland Scroll. The results of this analysis are consistent with the condition, that the exergetic performance, which is: 36.57% and it is approximately equal to the degree of irreversibility which is 37.50%. This approach provides a comprehensive, standard and rigorous framework for the analysis of energy systems, and thus for the understanding and systemic management of the energy challenge.

Attempt to Polymerize <i>Cucurbita pepo</i>Oil by Temperature Action and Photolysis

The study of the polymerization of a vegetable oil has a double interest;industrial but especially food. Industrial because polymers based on vegetable oil are in line with sustainable development;food because an oil which polymerizes easily is a danger for human consumption. Three situations of Cucurbita pepo oil polymerization are carried out in the course of time, the factor retained being temperature. A monitoring of the evolution of the enthalpy by temperature variation by the DSC method allows to report the polymerization of this oil. It happens that a polymerization is triggered in the oil matrix but it seems to fade very quickly, this behavior is general because after sweeping a temperature range of 80°C;100°C and 150°C adding different amounts of Irgacure: the Cucurbita pepo oil resists polymerization through its antioxidant compounds. However, a photolysis of this oil carried out over 8 days shows that it effectively polymerizes after 144 hours, which proves the great capacity of antioxidant compounds to protect this oil. The analyses carried out at 25°C aim to simulate the behavior of the oil at room temperature. The results reveal good resistance to both thermochemical and photochemical polymerization, which opens up great prospects for its development in the food industry and in nutrition.

Water Production by Condensation of Wet Air

It is now assumed that climate warming is effective and noticeable. It not only leads to a lack of water that is increasing in desert areas, but it must be kept in mind that the inhabitants of the villages located in the geographical areas whose access to water is difficult, make binding efforts to gain access to water. This article proposes to present the possibility of obtaining water by the condensation of the water vapors of the air by applying the thermodynamic processes of the humid air as well as those of the refrigerating installations. In fact, atmospheric air contains suspended water vapors. When this steam cools below its rose point, there is condensation if water vapors and liquid water or ice appears. It was obtained a quantity of condensed vapors in a refrigeration facility. This amount is directly proportional to the refrigeration power whose efficiency can be improved by the use of photovoltaic energy given the reduced financial cost of this energy. This seems to be a hope among the possible solutions to be considered for the resolution of the water issue.