Gasification of furfural residue with coal can realize its efficient and clean utilization.But the high alkali metal content in furfural slag is easy to cause the corrosion of gasifier refractory.Two gasification coal...Gasification of furfural residue with coal can realize its efficient and clean utilization.But the high alkali metal content in furfural slag is easy to cause the corrosion of gasifier refractory.Two gasification coals with different silica alumina ratio and a furfural residue were selected in the study.The effects of furfural residue additions on corrosion of silica brick,corundum brick,high alumina brick and mullite brick were investigated by using XRD,SEM-EDS and Factsage Software,and the corrosion mechanism was analyzed.With increasing furfural residue addition,the permeability of the slags to high-aluminium-bearing refractories first decreases and then increases,while the permeability on silica brick shows a slight decrease trend.Leucite(KAlSi_(2)O_(6))with high-melting temperature is generated from the reaction of K_(2)O and SiO_(2)in slag with Al_(2)O_(3)in refractories after furfural residue is added,which hinders the infiltration of slag in refractories.Kaliophilite(KAlSiO_(4))of low-melting point is formed when K_(2)O content increases,and this contributes to the infiltration of slag in refractories.The acid-base reaction between slag and silica brick is distinctly occurred,more slag reacts with SiO_(2)in the silicon brick,resulting in a decrease in the amount of slag infiltrating into the silicon brick as furfural residue is added.The corrosion of silica brick is mainly caused by the acid-base reaction,while the corrosion of three alumina based refractory bricks of corundum,mullite and high alumina brick is determined by slag infiltration.A linear correlation between the percolation rate and slag viscosity is established,the slag permeability increases with decreasing viscosity,resulting in stronger permeability for the high Si/Al ratio slag with lower viscosity.展开更多
目的探索药品说明书适老化的研究热点,为我国药品说明书适老化发展提供依据。方法在Web of Science核心合集数据库中检索2012-2022年发表的老年人使用药品说明书的相关英文文献,应用VOSviewer和CiteSpace软件进行文献计量学分析,探索该...目的探索药品说明书适老化的研究热点,为我国药品说明书适老化发展提供依据。方法在Web of Science核心合集数据库中检索2012-2022年发表的老年人使用药品说明书的相关英文文献,应用VOSviewer和CiteSpace软件进行文献计量学分析,探索该领域的研究热点,并总结该领域发展的障碍和解决措施。结果与结论本研究共收集到药品说明书适老化相关文献335篇,来自51个国家(地区)的819个研究机构,涉及2174位作者。近10年,药品说明书适老化研究发展趋缓,美国和日本等发达国家占该领域的主导地位,其中美国西北大学Wolf等学者的发文量最大(12篇)。老年人用药风险管理、药品说明书中老年用药信息的更新,以及老年人对药品说明书的理解和依从及其影响因素等是该领域的研究热点。药品说明书适老化发展中相关障碍的解决措施包括提高药品说明书的可视性、可读性,填补药品说明书中老年用药信息等。我国可借鉴其他国家的经验和方法,针对我国人口特点开展老年药品说明书影响因素的调查及老年用药的药动学研究,多维度提高老年患者用药的安全性。展开更多
基金Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2020KB014,ZR2022QB206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178001)+1 种基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2308085Y19)Research Project for Outstanding Youth of Department of Education of Anhui Province(2022AH030045).
文摘Gasification of furfural residue with coal can realize its efficient and clean utilization.But the high alkali metal content in furfural slag is easy to cause the corrosion of gasifier refractory.Two gasification coals with different silica alumina ratio and a furfural residue were selected in the study.The effects of furfural residue additions on corrosion of silica brick,corundum brick,high alumina brick and mullite brick were investigated by using XRD,SEM-EDS and Factsage Software,and the corrosion mechanism was analyzed.With increasing furfural residue addition,the permeability of the slags to high-aluminium-bearing refractories first decreases and then increases,while the permeability on silica brick shows a slight decrease trend.Leucite(KAlSi_(2)O_(6))with high-melting temperature is generated from the reaction of K_(2)O and SiO_(2)in slag with Al_(2)O_(3)in refractories after furfural residue is added,which hinders the infiltration of slag in refractories.Kaliophilite(KAlSiO_(4))of low-melting point is formed when K_(2)O content increases,and this contributes to the infiltration of slag in refractories.The acid-base reaction between slag and silica brick is distinctly occurred,more slag reacts with SiO_(2)in the silicon brick,resulting in a decrease in the amount of slag infiltrating into the silicon brick as furfural residue is added.The corrosion of silica brick is mainly caused by the acid-base reaction,while the corrosion of three alumina based refractory bricks of corundum,mullite and high alumina brick is determined by slag infiltration.A linear correlation between the percolation rate and slag viscosity is established,the slag permeability increases with decreasing viscosity,resulting in stronger permeability for the high Si/Al ratio slag with lower viscosity.
文摘目的探索药品说明书适老化的研究热点,为我国药品说明书适老化发展提供依据。方法在Web of Science核心合集数据库中检索2012-2022年发表的老年人使用药品说明书的相关英文文献,应用VOSviewer和CiteSpace软件进行文献计量学分析,探索该领域的研究热点,并总结该领域发展的障碍和解决措施。结果与结论本研究共收集到药品说明书适老化相关文献335篇,来自51个国家(地区)的819个研究机构,涉及2174位作者。近10年,药品说明书适老化研究发展趋缓,美国和日本等发达国家占该领域的主导地位,其中美国西北大学Wolf等学者的发文量最大(12篇)。老年人用药风险管理、药品说明书中老年用药信息的更新,以及老年人对药品说明书的理解和依从及其影响因素等是该领域的研究热点。药品说明书适老化发展中相关障碍的解决措施包括提高药品说明书的可视性、可读性,填补药品说明书中老年用药信息等。我国可借鉴其他国家的经验和方法,针对我国人口特点开展老年药品说明书影响因素的调查及老年用药的药动学研究,多维度提高老年患者用药的安全性。
