Traditional medicine has garnered significant global recognition,with an estimated 80%of the global population using it.Therefore,it is essential to fully understand the integration of traditional medicines into curre...Traditional medicine has garnered significant global recognition,with an estimated 80%of the global population using it.Therefore,it is essential to fully understand the integration of traditional medicines into current healthcare systems.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the standard process to modernize traditional medicine scientifically in the context of modern biomedicine,further termed here as“scientization”.Specifically,we aim to summarize the advancements made in understanding the efficacy,effectiveness,and underlying mechanisms of herbal medicine.We also examined the transition from experience-to evidence-based medicine during acupuncture.Furthermore,we explore the development of universal safety and quality control standards.Finally,we discuss international trade and export markets for Chinese medical products.The development and integration of traditional medicine have allowed it to further improve human health,resulting in a more comprehensive health solution for the global population.展开更多
The development and utilization of biomass and agroforestry processing byproducts for high-value applications have been an important topic in the field of renewable materials research.Based on this,a two-step microwav...The development and utilization of biomass and agroforestry processing byproducts for high-value applications have been an important topic in the field of renewable materials research.Based on this,a two-step microwave hydrothermal pre-carbonization and KOH activation method was proposed to synthesize tannin-based activated carbons with a high specific surface area,hierarchical pore structure,and good electrochemical performance.The microstructure,texture properties,and physicochemical characteristics were investigated.The results show that the prepared tannin-based activated carbons presented a hierarchical pore structure(micro-and mesopores)with a specific surface area as high as 997.46 m^(3) g^(−1).The electrochemical analysis shows that the tannin-based activated carbons have good wettability and charge transfer rates.Under the three-electrode system with 6 M KOH as the electrolyte,the active material TAC_(600-4) had a maximum specific capacitance of 171 F g^(−1)at 0.5 A g^(−1).As the current density increases to 10 A g^(−1),the specific capacitance can still be maintained at 149 F g^(−1),indicating a good rate capability.Therefore,the specific surface area and pore size of tannin-based activated carbons can be effectively adjusted by the alkali/carbon ratio,making it a promising supercapacitor electrode material and providing a new method for the high-value development of tannins in the field of electrochemical energy storage.展开更多
Rock thin-section identification is an indispensable geological exploration tool for understanding and recognizing the composition of the earth.It is also an important evaluation method for oil and gas exploration and...Rock thin-section identification is an indispensable geological exploration tool for understanding and recognizing the composition of the earth.It is also an important evaluation method for oil and gas exploration and development.It can be used to identify the petrological characteristics of reservoirs,determine the type of diagenesis,and distinguish the characteristics of reservoir space and pore structure.It is necessary to understand the physical properties and sedimentary environment of the reservoir,obtain the relevant parameters of the reservoir,formulate the oil and gas development plan,and reserve calculation.The traditional thin-section identification method has a history of more than one hundred years,which mainly depends on the geological experts'visual observation with the optical microscope,and is bothered by the problems of strong subjectivity,high dependence on experience,heavy workload,long identification cycle,and incapability to achieve complete and accurate quantification.In this paper,the models of particle segmentation,mineralogy identification,and pore type intelligent identification are constructed by using deep learning,computer vision,and other technologies,and the intelligent thinsection identification is realized.This paper overcomes the problem of multi-target recognition in the image sequence,constructs a fine-grained classification network under the multi-mode and multi-light source,and proposes a modeling scheme of data annotation while building models,forming a scientific,quantitative and efficient slice identification method.The experimental results and practical application results show that the thin-section intelligent identification technology proposed in this paper does not only greatly improves the identification efficiency,but also realizes the intuitive,accurate and quantitative identification results,which is a subversive innovation and change to the traditional thin-section identification practice.展开更多
Our previous study used regional homogeneity analysis and found that activity in some brain areas of patients with ischemic stroke changed significantly. In the current study, we examined structural changes in these b...Our previous study used regional homogeneity analysis and found that activity in some brain areas of patients with ischemic stroke changed significantly. In the current study, we examined structural changes in these brain regions by taking structural magnetic resonance imaging scans of 11 ischemic stroke patients and 15 healthy participants, and analyzing the data using voxel-based morphometry. Compared with healthy participants, patients exhibited higher gray matter density in the left inferior occipital gyrus and right anterior white matter tract. In contrast, gray matter density in the right cerebellum, left precentral gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and left middle temporal gyrus was less in ischemic stroke patients. The changes of gray matter density in the middle frontal gyrus were negatively associated with the clin- ical rating scales of the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment （r = -0.609, P = 0.047） and the left middle temporal gyrus was negatively correlated with the clinical rating scales of the nervous functional deficiency scale （r = -0.737, P = 0.010）. Our findings call objectively identify the functional abnormality in some brain regions of ischemic stroke patients.展开更多
With the efficient development of social economy,as well as the acceleration of the pace of life,the incidence of hemorrhoids remains high all year round,occupying a relatively high incidence of anorectal diseases.The...With the efficient development of social economy,as well as the acceleration of the pace of life,the incidence of hemorrhoids remains high all year round,occupying a relatively high incidence of anorectal diseases.The author will sort out the four most representative theories of pathogenesis,and summarize and analyze them.Understanding the pathogenesis of hemorrhoids can give a deeper understanding of the nature of the disease,and it will help improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and treatment,which in turn is beneficial to the improvement of the cure rate.展开更多
The concept of receptive field(RF) is central to sensory neuroscience. Neuronal RF properties have been substantially studied in animals,while those in humans remain nearly unexplored. Here, we measured neuronal RFs w...The concept of receptive field(RF) is central to sensory neuroscience. Neuronal RF properties have been substantially studied in animals,while those in humans remain nearly unexplored. Here, we measured neuronal RFs with intracranial local field potentials(LFPs) and spiking activity in human visual cortex(V1/V2/V3). We recorded LFPs via macro-contacts and discovered that RF sizes estimated from lowfrequency activity(LFA, 0.5–30 Hz) were larger than those estimated from low-gamma activity(LGA, 30–60 Hz) and high-gamma activity(HGA, 60–150 Hz). We then took a rare opportunity to record LFPs and spiking activity via microwires in V1 simultaneously. We found that RF sizes and temporal profiles measured from LGA and HGA closely matched those from spiking activity. In sum, this study reveals that spiking activity of neurons in human visual cortex could be well approximated by LGA and HGA in RF estimation and temporal profile measurement, implying the pivotal functions of LGA and HGA in early visual information processing.展开更多
The many-banded krait,Bungarus multicinctus,has been recorded as the animal resource of JinQianBaiHuaShe in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Characterization of its venoms classified chief phyla of modern animal neurotoxins....The many-banded krait,Bungarus multicinctus,has been recorded as the animal resource of JinQianBaiHuaShe in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Characterization of its venoms classified chief phyla of modern animal neurotoxins.However,the evolutionary origin and diversification of its neurotoxins as well as biosynthesis of its active compounds remain largely unknown due to the lack of its high-quality genome.Here,we present the 1.58 Gbp genome of B.multicinctus assembled into 18 chromosomes with contig/scaffold N50 of 7.53 Mbp/149.8 Mbp.Major bungarotoxin-coding genes were clustered within genome by family and found to be associated with ancient local duplications.The truncation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor in the 3'-terminal of a LY6E paralog released modern three-finger toxins(3FTxs)from membrane tethering before the Colubroidea divergence.Subsequent expansion and mutations diversified and recruited these 3FTxs.After the cobra/krait divergence,the modern unit-B ofβ-bungarotoxin emerged with an extra cysteine residue.A subsequent point substitution in unit-A enabled theβ-bungarotoxin covalent linkage.The B.multicinctus gene expression,chromatin topological organization,and histone modification characteristics were featured by transcriptome,proteome,chromatin conformation capture sequencing,and ChIP-seq.The results highlighted that venom production was under a sophisticated regulation.Our findings provide new insights into snake neurotoxin research,meanwhile will facilitate antivenom development,toxin-driven drug discovery and the quality control of JinQianBaiHuaShe.展开更多
As coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic poses a substantial global public health threat,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)was used in 91.50%of the COVID-19 cases in China,showing encouraging results in improving ...As coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic poses a substantial global public health threat,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)was used in 91.50%of the COVID-19 cases in China,showing encouraging results in improving symptom management and reducing the deterioration,mortality,and recurrence rates.A total of 166 modified herbal formulae consisting of 179 single herbal medicines were collected for treating COVID-19 in China.Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome,Scutellariae Radix,and Armeniacae Semen Amarum are the most frequently utilized in clinics,most of which are antipyretic(47,26.26%),expectorant and cough-suppressing(22,12.29%),and dampness-resolving(21,11.73%)from traditional descriptions.A total of 1212 chemical components containingβ-sitosterol,stigmasterol,and quercetin were primarily selected.Additionally,using complex system entropy and unsupervised hierarchical clustering,8 core herbal combinations and 10 new formulae emerged as potentially useful candidates for COVID-19.Finally,following scaffold analysis,self-organizing mapping(SOM)and cluster analysis,12 clusters of molecules yielded 8 pharmacophore families of structures that were further screened as pharmacological targets in human metabolic pathways for inhibiting coronavirus.This article aims to make more easily accessible and share historical herbal knowledge used in contemporary treatments in a modern manner to assist researchers contain the global spread of COVID-19.展开更多
From the prehistoric era until the publishing of the Compendium of Materia Medica and the first scientific Nobel Prize in the Chinese mainland for Tu's discovery on anti-malarial tablets,each milestone and steppin...From the prehistoric era until the publishing of the Compendium of Materia Medica and the first scientific Nobel Prize in the Chinese mainland for Tu's discovery on anti-malarial tablets,each milestone and stepping stone in the developmental history of herbal medicine involved intrepid exploration,bold hypothesis formulation,and cautious verification.After thousands of years of discovery and development,herbal research has entered a new era—the era of herbgenomics.Herbgenomics combines herbal and genomic research,bridging the gap between traditional herbal medicine and cutting-edge omics studies.Therefore,it provides a general picture of the genetic background of traditional herbs,enabling researchers to investigate the mechanisms underlying the prevention and treatment of human diseases from an omics perspective.展开更多
Isolation rearing(IR) enhances aggressive behavior, and the central serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT) system has been linked to IR-induced aggression.However, whether the alteration of central serotonin is the cause...Isolation rearing(IR) enhances aggressive behavior, and the central serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT) system has been linked to IR-induced aggression.However, whether the alteration of central serotonin is the cause or consequence of enhanced aggression is still unknown. In the present study, using mice deficient in central serotonin Tph2-/-and Lmx1 b-/-, we examined the association between central serotonin and aggression with or without social isolation. We demonstrated that central serotonergic neurons are critical for the enhanced aggression after IR. 5-HT depletion in wild-type mice increased aggression. On the other hand, application of 5-HT in Lmx1 b-/-mice inhibited the enhancement of aggression under social isolation conditions. Dopamine was downregulated in Lmx1 b-/-mice. Similar to 5-HT, L-DOPA decreased aggression in Lmx1 b-/-mice. Our results linkthe serotoninergic system directly to aggression and this may have clinical implications for aggression-related human conditions.展开更多
Acupuncture is an important component part of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM). The therapeutic effects may be influenced by a variety of factors.Stimulation quantity is one of the factors for achieving good therapeu...Acupuncture is an important component part of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM). The therapeutic effects may be influenced by a variety of factors.Stimulation quantity is one of the factors for achieving good therapeutic effects in acupuncture practice. With the development of science and technology, besides the influence of manual manipulations, the parameters adopted for electroacupuncture have become the benchmark of stimulation quantity. This study, by referring to the related literatures, is designed to explore the influence of manual manipulations and electrical parameters on therapeutic effects of acupuncture. The results from the present study show that different manualmanipulations and electrical parameters may exert different therapeutic effects of acupuncture, which are closely related to the characteristics of diseases.Different manual manipulations and electrical parameters should be adopted according to syndrome differentiation of TCM. This is very important in acupuncture treatment.展开更多
The recall of learned temporal sequences by a visual cue is an important form of experience-based neural plasticity.Here we observed such reactivation in awake human visual cortex using intracranial recording.After re...The recall of learned temporal sequences by a visual cue is an important form of experience-based neural plasticity.Here we observed such reactivation in awake human visual cortex using intracranial recording.After repeated exposure to a moving dot,a flash of the dot was able to trigger neural reactivation in the downstream receptive field along the motion path.This effect was observed only when the cue appeared near the receptive field.The estimated traveling speed was faster compared to the activation induced by the real motion.We suggest a range-limited,time-compressed reactivation as a result of repeated visual exposure in awake human visual cortex.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(82204610)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2021A04013)+1 种基金Qihang Talent Project of ICMM(L2022046)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(ZZ15-YQ-041,ZXKT21029).
文摘Traditional medicine has garnered significant global recognition,with an estimated 80%of the global population using it.Therefore,it is essential to fully understand the integration of traditional medicines into current healthcare systems.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the standard process to modernize traditional medicine scientifically in the context of modern biomedicine,further termed here as“scientization”.Specifically,we aim to summarize the advancements made in understanding the efficacy,effectiveness,and underlying mechanisms of herbal medicine.We also examined the transition from experience-to evidence-based medicine during acupuncture.Furthermore,we explore the development of universal safety and quality control standards.Finally,we discuss international trade and export markets for Chinese medical products.The development and integration of traditional medicine have allowed it to further improve human health,resulting in a more comprehensive health solution for the global population.
基金The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971593)National College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(111ZC22017)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province Department of Science and Technology(2019J01386)。
文摘The development and utilization of biomass and agroforestry processing byproducts for high-value applications have been an important topic in the field of renewable materials research.Based on this,a two-step microwave hydrothermal pre-carbonization and KOH activation method was proposed to synthesize tannin-based activated carbons with a high specific surface area,hierarchical pore structure,and good electrochemical performance.The microstructure,texture properties,and physicochemical characteristics were investigated.The results show that the prepared tannin-based activated carbons presented a hierarchical pore structure(micro-and mesopores)with a specific surface area as high as 997.46 m^(3) g^(−1).The electrochemical analysis shows that the tannin-based activated carbons have good wettability and charge transfer rates.Under the three-electrode system with 6 M KOH as the electrolyte,the active material TAC_(600-4) had a maximum specific capacitance of 171 F g^(−1)at 0.5 A g^(−1).As the current density increases to 10 A g^(−1),the specific capacitance can still be maintained at 149 F g^(−1),indicating a good rate capability.Therefore,the specific surface area and pore size of tannin-based activated carbons can be effectively adjusted by the alkali/carbon ratio,making it a promising supercapacitor electrode material and providing a new method for the high-value development of tannins in the field of electrochemical energy storage.
基金supported by the Project of Basic Science Center for the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72088101)。
文摘Rock thin-section identification is an indispensable geological exploration tool for understanding and recognizing the composition of the earth.It is also an important evaluation method for oil and gas exploration and development.It can be used to identify the petrological characteristics of reservoirs,determine the type of diagenesis,and distinguish the characteristics of reservoir space and pore structure.It is necessary to understand the physical properties and sedimentary environment of the reservoir,obtain the relevant parameters of the reservoir,formulate the oil and gas development plan,and reserve calculation.The traditional thin-section identification method has a history of more than one hundred years,which mainly depends on the geological experts'visual observation with the optical microscope,and is bothered by the problems of strong subjectivity,high dependence on experience,heavy workload,long identification cycle,and incapability to achieve complete and accurate quantification.In this paper,the models of particle segmentation,mineralogy identification,and pore type intelligent identification are constructed by using deep learning,computer vision,and other technologies,and the intelligent thinsection identification is realized.This paper overcomes the problem of multi-target recognition in the image sequence,constructs a fine-grained classification network under the multi-mode and multi-light source,and proposes a modeling scheme of data annotation while building models,forming a scientific,quantitative and efficient slice identification method.The experimental results and practical application results show that the thin-section intelligent identification technology proposed in this paper does not only greatly improves the identification efficiency,but also realizes the intuitive,accurate and quantitative identification results,which is a subversive innovation and change to the traditional thin-section identification practice.
基金financially supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China(973 Program)No.2012CB518501the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81072864
文摘Our previous study used regional homogeneity analysis and found that activity in some brain areas of patients with ischemic stroke changed significantly. In the current study, we examined structural changes in these brain regions by taking structural magnetic resonance imaging scans of 11 ischemic stroke patients and 15 healthy participants, and analyzing the data using voxel-based morphometry. Compared with healthy participants, patients exhibited higher gray matter density in the left inferior occipital gyrus and right anterior white matter tract. In contrast, gray matter density in the right cerebellum, left precentral gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and left middle temporal gyrus was less in ischemic stroke patients. The changes of gray matter density in the middle frontal gyrus were negatively associated with the clin- ical rating scales of the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment （r = -0.609, P = 0.047） and the left middle temporal gyrus was negatively correlated with the clinical rating scales of the nervous functional deficiency scale （r = -0.737, P = 0.010）. Our findings call objectively identify the functional abnormality in some brain regions of ischemic stroke patients.
文摘With the efficient development of social economy,as well as the acceleration of the pace of life,the incidence of hemorrhoids remains high all year round,occupying a relatively high incidence of anorectal diseases.The author will sort out the four most representative theories of pathogenesis,and summarize and analyze them.Understanding the pathogenesis of hemorrhoids can give a deeper understanding of the nature of the disease,and it will help improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and treatment,which in turn is beneficial to the improvement of the cure rate.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program(2022ZD0204802,2022ZD0204804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930053,32171039)Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence(BAAI)。
文摘The concept of receptive field(RF) is central to sensory neuroscience. Neuronal RF properties have been substantially studied in animals,while those in humans remain nearly unexplored. Here, we measured neuronal RFs with intracranial local field potentials(LFPs) and spiking activity in human visual cortex(V1/V2/V3). We recorded LFPs via macro-contacts and discovered that RF sizes estimated from lowfrequency activity(LFA, 0.5–30 Hz) were larger than those estimated from low-gamma activity(LGA, 30–60 Hz) and high-gamma activity(HGA, 60–150 Hz). We then took a rare opportunity to record LFPs and spiking activity via microwires in V1 simultaneously. We found that RF sizes and temporal profiles measured from LGA and HGA closely matched those from spiking activity. In sum, this study reveals that spiking activity of neurons in human visual cortex could be well approximated by LGA and HGA in RF estimation and temporal profile measurement, implying the pivotal functions of LGA and HGA in early visual information processing.
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(ZZ13-YQ-047,ZXKT22006,China)quality standard system construction for the whole industry chain of Chinese medicine from Guangdong Provincial Drug Administration of China(002009/2019KT1261/2020ZDB25)+2 种基金the National Major Science and Technology Projects(2019ZX09201005,China)the Open Research Fund of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicino state Key Laboratory scluthwestern Chinese Medicine Resources(2022ZYXK2011006,China)the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFC1711100)。
文摘The many-banded krait,Bungarus multicinctus,has been recorded as the animal resource of JinQianBaiHuaShe in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Characterization of its venoms classified chief phyla of modern animal neurotoxins.However,the evolutionary origin and diversification of its neurotoxins as well as biosynthesis of its active compounds remain largely unknown due to the lack of its high-quality genome.Here,we present the 1.58 Gbp genome of B.multicinctus assembled into 18 chromosomes with contig/scaffold N50 of 7.53 Mbp/149.8 Mbp.Major bungarotoxin-coding genes were clustered within genome by family and found to be associated with ancient local duplications.The truncation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor in the 3'-terminal of a LY6E paralog released modern three-finger toxins(3FTxs)from membrane tethering before the Colubroidea divergence.Subsequent expansion and mutations diversified and recruited these 3FTxs.After the cobra/krait divergence,the modern unit-B ofβ-bungarotoxin emerged with an extra cysteine residue.A subsequent point substitution in unit-A enabled theβ-bungarotoxin covalent linkage.The B.multicinctus gene expression,chromatin topological organization,and histone modification characteristics were featured by transcriptome,proteome,chromatin conformation capture sequencing,and ChIP-seq.The results highlighted that venom production was under a sophisticated regulation.Our findings provide new insights into snake neurotoxin research,meanwhile will facilitate antivenom development,toxin-driven drug discovery and the quality control of JinQianBaiHuaShe.
文摘As coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic poses a substantial global public health threat,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)was used in 91.50%of the COVID-19 cases in China,showing encouraging results in improving symptom management and reducing the deterioration,mortality,and recurrence rates.A total of 166 modified herbal formulae consisting of 179 single herbal medicines were collected for treating COVID-19 in China.Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome,Scutellariae Radix,and Armeniacae Semen Amarum are the most frequently utilized in clinics,most of which are antipyretic(47,26.26%),expectorant and cough-suppressing(22,12.29%),and dampness-resolving(21,11.73%)from traditional descriptions.A total of 1212 chemical components containingβ-sitosterol,stigmasterol,and quercetin were primarily selected.Additionally,using complex system entropy and unsupervised hierarchical clustering,8 core herbal combinations and 10 new formulae emerged as potentially useful candidates for COVID-19.Finally,following scaffold analysis,self-organizing mapping(SOM)and cluster analysis,12 clusters of molecules yielded 8 pharmacophore families of structures that were further screened as pharmacological targets in human metabolic pathways for inhibiting coronavirus.This article aims to make more easily accessible and share historical herbal knowledge used in contemporary treatments in a modern manner to assist researchers contain the global spread of COVID-19.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017-YFC1702100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(L2017004)
文摘From the prehistoric era until the publishing of the Compendium of Materia Medica and the first scientific Nobel Prize in the Chinese mainland for Tu's discovery on anti-malarial tablets,each milestone and stepping stone in the developmental history of herbal medicine involved intrepid exploration,bold hypothesis formulation,and cautious verification.After thousands of years of discovery and development,herbal research has entered a new era—the era of herbgenomics.Herbgenomics combines herbal and genomic research,bridging the gap between traditional herbal medicine and cutting-edge omics studies.Therefore,it provides a general picture of the genetic background of traditional herbs,enabling researchers to investigate the mechanisms underlying the prevention and treatment of human diseases from an omics perspective.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81425009, 31630028, 91632305, 30950030, 31170988, and 81671044)the National Basic Research Development Program (973 Program) of China (2009CB522002)
文摘Isolation rearing(IR) enhances aggressive behavior, and the central serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT) system has been linked to IR-induced aggression.However, whether the alteration of central serotonin is the cause or consequence of enhanced aggression is still unknown. In the present study, using mice deficient in central serotonin Tph2-/-and Lmx1 b-/-, we examined the association between central serotonin and aggression with or without social isolation. We demonstrated that central serotonergic neurons are critical for the enhanced aggression after IR. 5-HT depletion in wild-type mice increased aggression. On the other hand, application of 5-HT in Lmx1 b-/-mice inhibited the enhancement of aggression under social isolation conditions. Dopamine was downregulated in Lmx1 b-/-mice. Similar to 5-HT, L-DOPA decreased aggression in Lmx1 b-/-mice. Our results linkthe serotoninergic system directly to aggression and this may have clinical implications for aggression-related human conditions.
基金National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program No.2012CB518500)the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(A PET-CTStudy on Acupuncture for Migraine at Acupoints on Involved Meridian,NSFC,No.30930112)
文摘Acupuncture is an important component part of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM). The therapeutic effects may be influenced by a variety of factors.Stimulation quantity is one of the factors for achieving good therapeutic effects in acupuncture practice. With the development of science and technology, besides the influence of manual manipulations, the parameters adopted for electroacupuncture have become the benchmark of stimulation quantity. This study, by referring to the related literatures, is designed to explore the influence of manual manipulations and electrical parameters on therapeutic effects of acupuncture. The results from the present study show that different manualmanipulations and electrical parameters may exert different therapeutic effects of acupuncture, which are closely related to the characteristics of diseases.Different manual manipulations and electrical parameters should be adopted according to syndrome differentiation of TCM. This is very important in acupuncture treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971031,31930053,31671168,31421003)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z181100001518002)。
文摘The recall of learned temporal sequences by a visual cue is an important form of experience-based neural plasticity.Here we observed such reactivation in awake human visual cortex using intracranial recording.After repeated exposure to a moving dot,a flash of the dot was able to trigger neural reactivation in the downstream receptive field along the motion path.This effect was observed only when the cue appeared near the receptive field.The estimated traveling speed was faster compared to the activation induced by the real motion.We suggest a range-limited,time-compressed reactivation as a result of repeated visual exposure in awake human visual cortex.
