Background The importance of polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase （MTHFR） gene for the prediction of the response to fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients remains un...Background The importance of polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase （MTHFR） gene for the prediction of the response to fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients remains unclear. The aim of this study is to assess the predictive value of several polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene for clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy in Chinese population. Methods Three hundred and sixty-two Chinese patients with gastric cancer were treated with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy. DNA samples were isolated from peripheral blood collected before treatment. The three single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） （rs1801131, rs1801133, rs2274976） genotypes of the MTHFR gene were determined by matrix- assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF MS）. Results The average response rate for chemotherapy was 46.7%. Homozygous genotypes rs2274976G/G （X2=22.7, P 〈0.01） and rs1801131A/A （X2=14.3, P=0.008） were over-represented in responsive patients. Carriers of the rs2274976A allele genotypes （G/A and A/A） and of the rs1801131C allele genotypes （A/C and C/C）were prevalent in nonresponsive patients. In the haplotype association analysis, there was a significant difference in global haplotype distribution between the groups （X2=20.69, P=0.000 124）. Conclusions These results suggest that polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene may be used as predictors of the response to fluorouracil-based chemotherapy for gastric cancer patients in Chinese population. Well-designed, comprehensive, and prospective studies on determining these polymorphisms of MTHFR gene as clinical markers for predicting the response to fluorouracil-based therapy in gastric cancer patients is warranted.展开更多
Chronic non-communicable diseases （NCDs） is a sick- state in the complex system of human body. Healthsystems engineering approach can be used to recover health state by many different ways of system adjustments, inc...Chronic non-communicable diseases （NCDs） is a sick- state in the complex system of human body. Healthsystems engineering approach can be used to recover health state by many different ways of system adjustments, including physical exercises, nutrition and psychological intervention, and drug therapies. To evaluate and assess the effects of these adjustments, many parameters of the system states have to be monitored （such as molecular high- throughput technologies, physiological, image, etc.）, and estimated at the different levels （such as molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and system levels） and on the different dimensions （such as metabolic, immune, neural, etc.） for human system. Huge data have been produced during the whole process, and health systems engineering approach will model health and sick state in the human system by detecting and analyzing these multi-dimension and multi- level big-data in order to find personal suitable adjustment method.展开更多
microRNAs,a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs,are involved in oncogenesis and cancer development.Studies have shown that aberrant miRNA expression occurs in breast cancer and is associated with specific clinic...microRNAs,a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs,are involved in oncogenesis and cancer development.Studies have shown that aberrant miRNA expression occurs in breast cancer and is associated with specific clinicopathological features.Some miRNAs might act as suppressor genes or oncogenes,which can be considered as novel markers for breast cancer diagnosis and as prognostic factors.Here we present a review of recent discoveries on miRNAs involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis,invasion,and metastasis.展开更多
Meiotic recombination occurs preferentially at certain regions in the genome referred to as hot spots which are important for generating genetic diversity and proper segregation of chromosomes during meiosis.Although ...Meiotic recombination occurs preferentially at certain regions in the genome referred to as hot spots which are important for generating genetic diversity and proper segregation of chromosomes during meiosis.Although observations concerning individual hotspots have given clues as to the mechanism of recombination initiation,the nature and causes of recombination rate variation in the genome are still little known.A rational solution is to estimate and rank recombination rates along the genome.Therefore,it is a high demand for a database that deposits and integrates those data to provide a systematical repository of genome-wide recombination rates.Homologous recombination hotspots database is a web-based database of meiotic recombination rates,which comprises enormous data and information of human,mouse,rat,D.melanogaster,C.elegans and yeast.Users can query the database in several alternative ways.The database stores various details for every sequence,such as chromosome number,hyperlinks to the respective reference,and the sequence in FASTA format.展开更多
Validity in research is referred to the closeness of the observed results to the truth or the degree to which an inference drawn from a study.1 Guarantee and pursuit of validity is always a challenge through the whole...Validity in research is referred to the closeness of the observed results to the truth or the degree to which an inference drawn from a study.1 Guarantee and pursuit of validity is always a challenge through the whole course of a research.What blocks research to reach validity？-Bias.Generally speaking,the more complicate the study is,the larger the bias and the lower the validity are.The cohort study,especially for a prospective cohort study,is a kind of epidemiological study which can provide strong evidences for medical practices and policy-making.展开更多
An all solid-state electrochromic smart window employing prussian blue and electrodeposited WO-3 film with poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) gel electrolyte that has high conductivity (2 mS/cm) at room temperature has been ...An all solid-state electrochromic smart window employing prussian blue and electrodeposited WO-3 film with poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) gel electrolyte that has high conductivity (2 mS/cm) at room temperature has been fabricated for the first time. The smart window has been found to be excellent for electrochromism and memory characteristics.展开更多
文摘Background The importance of polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase （MTHFR） gene for the prediction of the response to fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients remains unclear. The aim of this study is to assess the predictive value of several polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene for clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy in Chinese population. Methods Three hundred and sixty-two Chinese patients with gastric cancer were treated with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy. DNA samples were isolated from peripheral blood collected before treatment. The three single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） （rs1801131, rs1801133, rs2274976） genotypes of the MTHFR gene were determined by matrix- assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF MS）. Results The average response rate for chemotherapy was 46.7%. Homozygous genotypes rs2274976G/G （X2=22.7, P 〈0.01） and rs1801131A/A （X2=14.3, P=0.008） were over-represented in responsive patients. Carriers of the rs2274976A allele genotypes （G/A and A/A） and of the rs1801131C allele genotypes （A/C and C/C）were prevalent in nonresponsive patients. In the haplotype association analysis, there was a significant difference in global haplotype distribution between the groups （X2=20.69, P=0.000 124）. Conclusions These results suggest that polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene may be used as predictors of the response to fluorouracil-based chemotherapy for gastric cancer patients in Chinese population. Well-designed, comprehensive, and prospective studies on determining these polymorphisms of MTHFR gene as clinical markers for predicting the response to fluorouracil-based therapy in gastric cancer patients is warranted.
文摘Chronic non-communicable diseases （NCDs） is a sick- state in the complex system of human body. Healthsystems engineering approach can be used to recover health state by many different ways of system adjustments, including physical exercises, nutrition and psychological intervention, and drug therapies. To evaluate and assess the effects of these adjustments, many parameters of the system states have to be monitored （such as molecular high- throughput technologies, physiological, image, etc.）, and estimated at the different levels （such as molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and system levels） and on the different dimensions （such as metabolic, immune, neural, etc.） for human system. Huge data have been produced during the whole process, and health systems engineering approach will model health and sick state in the human system by detecting and analyzing these multi-dimension and multi- level big-data in order to find personal suitable adjustment method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60701008)
文摘microRNAs,a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs,are involved in oncogenesis and cancer development.Studies have shown that aberrant miRNA expression occurs in breast cancer and is associated with specific clinicopathological features.Some miRNAs might act as suppressor genes or oncogenes,which can be considered as novel markers for breast cancer diagnosis and as prognostic factors.Here we present a review of recent discoveries on miRNAs involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis,invasion,and metastasis.
文摘Meiotic recombination occurs preferentially at certain regions in the genome referred to as hot spots which are important for generating genetic diversity and proper segregation of chromosomes during meiosis.Although observations concerning individual hotspots have given clues as to the mechanism of recombination initiation,the nature and causes of recombination rate variation in the genome are still little known.A rational solution is to estimate and rank recombination rates along the genome.Therefore,it is a high demand for a database that deposits and integrates those data to provide a systematical repository of genome-wide recombination rates.Homologous recombination hotspots database is a web-based database of meiotic recombination rates,which comprises enormous data and information of human,mouse,rat,D.melanogaster,C.elegans and yeast.Users can query the database in several alternative ways.The database stores various details for every sequence,such as chromosome number,hyperlinks to the respective reference,and the sequence in FASTA format.
基金This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation （No. 81372958） and 973 Program （No. 2012CB316501）.
文摘Validity in research is referred to the closeness of the observed results to the truth or the degree to which an inference drawn from a study.1 Guarantee and pursuit of validity is always a challenge through the whole course of a research.What blocks research to reach validity？-Bias.Generally speaking,the more complicate the study is,the larger the bias and the lower the validity are.The cohort study,especially for a prospective cohort study,is a kind of epidemiological study which can provide strong evidences for medical practices and policy-making.
文摘An all solid-state electrochromic smart window employing prussian blue and electrodeposited WO-3 film with poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) gel electrolyte that has high conductivity (2 mS/cm) at room temperature has been fabricated for the first time. The smart window has been found to be excellent for electrochromism and memory characteristics.
