The Brillouin characteristics of step-index Ge–As–Se–Te(GAST)fibers at 2μm are designed and simulated on the basis of optical and acoustic properties.The refractive indexes of Ge_(20)As_(20)Se_(45)Te_(15)glass and...The Brillouin characteristics of step-index Ge–As–Se–Te(GAST)fibers at 2μm are designed and simulated on the basis of optical and acoustic properties.The refractive indexes of Ge_(20)As_(20)Se_(45)Te_(15)glass and Ge_(20)As_(20)Se_(43)Te_(17)glass serving as fiber core and cladding are 3.20 and 3.18 at 2μm,and their acoustic velocities are 2200 m/s and 2300 m/s,respectively.Numerical results indicate that the stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)efficiency is 248 m^(-1)·W^(-1),and the Brillouin threshold power is 66 m W when the core diameter of the 2-m-long GAST fiber is 4μm at 2-μm wavelength.The optic–acoustic coupling factor,the Brillouin frequency shift,and the Brillouin gain coefficient are 0.98,7.02 GHz,and 3.81×10^(-9)m/W,respectively.The SBS effect of GAST fibers simulated for the first time provides a new promising approach to selecting gain medium based on 2-μm-wavelength fiber laser.展开更多
BACKGROUND Low anterior resection syndrome(LARS)is one of the common postoperative complications in patients with rectal cancer,which seriously affects their postoperative recovery and quality of life(QoL).Electroacup...BACKGROUND Low anterior resection syndrome(LARS)is one of the common postoperative complications in patients with rectal cancer,which seriously affects their postoperative recovery and quality of life(QoL).Electroacupuncture therapy is one of the characteristic therapies of traditional Chinese medicine.There are few reports on the prevention and treatment of LARS by electroacupuncture therapy.AIM To explore the clinical effectiveness of electroacupuncture in managing rectal cancer patients with postoperative LARS.METHODS A total of 50 patients with LARS after rectal cancer surgery were retrospectively selected as the research subjects.According to the treatment methods,they were divided into an observation group(n=25)and a control group(n=25).During the four-week treatment period,the control group received standard defecation function training,while the observation group received electroacupuncture care and traditional defecation function training.The anal pressure index(which includes anal resting pressure,anal systolic pressure,and maximum tolerable volume),European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)QoL C30(QLQ-C30)score,LARS Scale(LARSS)score,Wexner anal incontinence scale score,Xu Zhongfa five-item 10-point scale score,and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.RESULTS The experimental group showed considerably enhanced LARSS scores compared to those in the control group after four weeks of treatment.In the first week,second week,and fourth week,the LARSS score and Wexner anal incontinence scale score decreased,and the Xu Zhong method five-item 10-point scale score increased,with significant differences(P<0.05).The experimental group showed substantial improvements in anal resting pressure,anal systolic pressure,and maximum tolerance volume after undergoing 4 wk of therapy in the untreated group(P<0.05).The experimental group's QLQ-C30 score on the EORTC QoL questionnaire was higher than that of the control group during the 1st,2nd,and 4th wk(P<0.05).No significant variation between the groups in the frequency of adverse reactions(P>0.05)was observed.CONCLUSION Electroacupuncture positively impacted LARS following rectal cancer surgery,effectively improving clinical symptoms and anal pressure indicators and patients’standard of life.展开更多
Freshwater fish from the Putao and Myitkyina areas were collected in three ichthyofaunal surveys of the Mall Hka River and tributaries in and around Khakaborazi National Park and Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary, Kachin...Freshwater fish from the Putao and Myitkyina areas were collected in three ichthyofaunal surveys of the Mall Hka River and tributaries in and around Khakaborazi National Park and Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary, Kachin State, from 2014-2016. Tor yingjiangensis Chen et Yang 2004, Tor qiaojiensis Wu et al. 1977, Garra qiaojiensis Wu et al. 1977, Garra bispinosa Zhang 2005, and Schizothorax oligolepis Huang 1985, originally described from the upper Irrawaddy （Ayeyarwaddy） River in China, are first reported herein as new records to Myanmar. Counts, measurements, descriptions, photographs, and distributions of the specimens of the five newly recorded species are provided.展开更多
We demonstrate multiwavelength Brillouin fiber lasers(MWBFLs)with double-frequency spacing based on a small-core fiber(SCF)and a standard single-mode fiber(SMF),which have core diameters of 5 and 8.8μm,respectively.E...We demonstrate multiwavelength Brillouin fiber lasers(MWBFLs)with double-frequency spacing based on a small-core fiber(SCF)and a standard single-mode fiber(SMF),which have core diameters of 5 and 8.8μm,respectively.Experimental results show that the SCF-based MWBFL exhibits a higher laser output power and a lower pump threshold.The output powers of the SCF-based MWBFL are>1.4 times those of the SMF-based MWBFL.Moreover,the threshold power required to generate each channel of the SCF-based MWBFL is 59%that of the SMF-based MWBFL.When the same pump power of 180 mW is injected,the number of laser channels generated for the SCF-based MWBFL is 13,which is twice that generated for the SMF-based MWBFL.In addition,the SCF-based MWBFL exhibits good wavelength tunability from 1535 to 1565 nm and temporal stability over an hour.展开更多
Objective:Yiqi Fumai Lyophilized Injection(YQFM),a Chinese medicine injection,has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases,especially heart failure(HF).However,bioactive compounds and underlying m...Objective:Yiqi Fumai Lyophilized Injection(YQFM),a Chinese medicine injection,has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases,especially heart failure(HF).However,bioactive compounds and underlying mechanisms of YQFM in treating HF remain poorly understood.Materials and Methods:Network pharmacology was employed to investigate the bioactive compounds and mechanisms of YQFM.A compound-target network was constructed to screen bioactive compounds based on contribution index calculation.Then,an adriamycin-induced HF rat model was established to evaluate the cardio-protective effects of YQFM by hematoxylin and eosin staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results:Network pharmacology indicated that YQFM may alleviate HF through 36 compounds and 109 targets.Particularly,ginsenosides Rb1,Rg1,Re,Rf,Rb2,Rh1,schisandrin,and ginsenoside Rc were indicated as the top contributors of YQFM in treating HF.YQFM was predicted to act on multiple targets such as vascular endothelial growth factor A,interleukin-2(IL-2),IL-6,and IL-1β,as well as to regulate signaling pathways such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1,tumor necrosis factor,VEGF,and PI3K-Akt.The pharmacological study suggested that YQFM could attenuate cardiac injury and up-regulate plasma concentrations of VEGFR-1 and NO in HF rats.Ginsenoside Rb1,as the major contributor from network pharmacology analysis,also showed a cardioprotective effect and up-regulation of VEGFR-1 in plasma.Conclusions:Ginsenosides and schisandrin were predicted as the most important contributors to the cardioprotective effect of YQMF.Ginsenoside Rb1 was proved to alleviate HF and increase the plasma concentration of VEGFR-1.展开更多
Electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)nanofiber web has been widely utilized as a functional material in various flexible sensors and generators due to its high piezoelectricity,ease processability,and low cost.A...Electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)nanofiber web has been widely utilized as a functional material in various flexible sensors and generators due to its high piezoelectricity,ease processability,and low cost.Among all the crystalline phases of PVDF,β-phase is a key property for PVDF nano fiber web,because the con tent of β-phase is directly proporti onal to piezoelectric performa nee of PVDF nano fiber web.Herein,the impact of graphe ne con tent(GC),tip-to-collector dista nee(TCD),and rotational speed of collector(RSC),as well as their interactions on theβ-phase formation of PVDF nano fiber web is systematically investigated via design of experime ntal method.The fraction of each crystalline phase of PVDF nano fiber web is calculated by FTIR spectra,and the crystallinity is determined by XRD patterns.The influences of GC,TCD,and RSC on both β-phase fraction and crystallinity of PVDF nanofiber are analyzed using Minitab program.The results show that GC,TCD,and RSC all have significa nt effect on the β-phase content of PVDF nano fiber web,and GC is the most significant one.In addition,an optimal electrospinning condition(GC=1 wt%,TCD=4 cm,and RSC=2000 r·min^-1)to fabricate high 0-phase crystallinity of PVDF nanofiber web is drawn,under which the crystallinity can reach 41.7%.The contributions in this study could provide guidanee for future research on fabricating high performance PVDF nanofiber web based sensors or generators.展开更多
Objective:Belamcandae Rhizoma and Iridis Tectori Rhizoma are easily confused with each other.The main objective of this study is to distinguish them using chemical analysis.Materials and Methods:Thin-layer chromatogra...Objective:Belamcandae Rhizoma and Iridis Tectori Rhizoma are easily confused with each other.The main objective of this study is to distinguish them using chemical analysis.Materials and Methods:Thin-layer chromatography(TLC)and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)fingerprint methods were established to compare the chemical profile,while HPLC quantitation was used to determine the contents of three isoflavones in thirty batches of Belamcandae Rhizoma and Iridis Tectori Rhizoma samples.Results:The two herbs could be distinguished by TLC using acetic acid-n hexane-ethyl acetate(1:90:80 v/v/v)as the mobile phase,according to the fluorescent band under 366 nm at R_(f) 0.2.In total,12 compounds were identified in the 24-min HPLC fingerprint.The similarity coefficient between the two herbs was 0.54±0.01.Mangiferin(1),tectoridin(2),iridin(3),irigenin(5),irisflorentin(6),and iristectorin A(9)were the main peaks in Belamcandae Rhizoma,while tectoridin(2)and tectorigenin(4)were the major peaks in Iridis Tectori Rhizoma.The contents of 2 in Iridis Tectori Rhizoma(2.50±0.20%)were 8.93 times higher than that of Belamcandae Rhizoma(0.28±0.08%),while the ones of 5 and 6 were slightly lower in Iridis Tectori Rhizoma.Conclusions:The study established fast and effective methods to distinguish Belamcandae Rhizoma from Iridis Tectori Rhizoma.展开更多
Turmeric, derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.(Zingiberaceae),is one of the most popular herbal medicines.Its main bioactive constituents include curcuminoids,sesquiterpenes, and terpecurcumins.It exhibits an...Turmeric, derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.(Zingiberaceae),is one of the most popular herbal medicines.Its main bioactive constituents include curcuminoids,sesquiterpenes, and terpecurcumins.It exhibits antitumor,anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,antibacterial,and antiviral activities.With the rapid development of analytical technologies,remarkable progress has been made in studies of turmeric.This review article summarizes research advances in chemical analysis and quality control of turmeric from 2009 to 2018.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61875094 and 62090064)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2018M642386)the K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University。
文摘The Brillouin characteristics of step-index Ge–As–Se–Te(GAST)fibers at 2μm are designed and simulated on the basis of optical and acoustic properties.The refractive indexes of Ge_(20)As_(20)Se_(45)Te_(15)glass and Ge_(20)As_(20)Se_(43)Te_(17)glass serving as fiber core and cladding are 3.20 and 3.18 at 2μm,and their acoustic velocities are 2200 m/s and 2300 m/s,respectively.Numerical results indicate that the stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)efficiency is 248 m^(-1)·W^(-1),and the Brillouin threshold power is 66 m W when the core diameter of the 2-m-long GAST fiber is 4μm at 2-μm wavelength.The optic–acoustic coupling factor,the Brillouin frequency shift,and the Brillouin gain coefficient are 0.98,7.02 GHz,and 3.81×10^(-9)m/W,respectively.The SBS effect of GAST fibers simulated for the first time provides a new promising approach to selecting gain medium based on 2-μm-wavelength fiber laser.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Development Plan Project,No.ZD201903China Medical Education Association,No.2022KTZ005.
文摘BACKGROUND Low anterior resection syndrome(LARS)is one of the common postoperative complications in patients with rectal cancer,which seriously affects their postoperative recovery and quality of life(QoL).Electroacupuncture therapy is one of the characteristic therapies of traditional Chinese medicine.There are few reports on the prevention and treatment of LARS by electroacupuncture therapy.AIM To explore the clinical effectiveness of electroacupuncture in managing rectal cancer patients with postoperative LARS.METHODS A total of 50 patients with LARS after rectal cancer surgery were retrospectively selected as the research subjects.According to the treatment methods,they were divided into an observation group(n=25)and a control group(n=25).During the four-week treatment period,the control group received standard defecation function training,while the observation group received electroacupuncture care and traditional defecation function training.The anal pressure index(which includes anal resting pressure,anal systolic pressure,and maximum tolerable volume),European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)QoL C30(QLQ-C30)score,LARS Scale(LARSS)score,Wexner anal incontinence scale score,Xu Zhongfa five-item 10-point scale score,and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.RESULTS The experimental group showed considerably enhanced LARSS scores compared to those in the control group after four weeks of treatment.In the first week,second week,and fourth week,the LARSS score and Wexner anal incontinence scale score decreased,and the Xu Zhong method five-item 10-point scale score increased,with significant differences(P<0.05).The experimental group showed substantial improvements in anal resting pressure,anal systolic pressure,and maximum tolerance volume after undergoing 4 wk of therapy in the untreated group(P<0.05).The experimental group's QLQ-C30 score on the EORTC QoL questionnaire was higher than that of the control group during the 1st,2nd,and 4th wk(P<0.05).No significant variation between the groups in the frequency of adverse reactions(P>0.05)was observed.CONCLUSION Electroacupuncture positively impacted LARS following rectal cancer surgery,effectively improving clinical symptoms and anal pressure indicators and patients’standard of life.
基金supported by the Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Science(Y4ZK111B01)
文摘Freshwater fish from the Putao and Myitkyina areas were collected in three ichthyofaunal surveys of the Mall Hka River and tributaries in and around Khakaborazi National Park and Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary, Kachin State, from 2014-2016. Tor yingjiangensis Chen et Yang 2004, Tor qiaojiensis Wu et al. 1977, Garra qiaojiensis Wu et al. 1977, Garra bispinosa Zhang 2005, and Schizothorax oligolepis Huang 1985, originally described from the upper Irrawaddy （Ayeyarwaddy） River in China, are first reported herein as new records to Myanmar. Counts, measurements, descriptions, photographs, and distributions of the specimens of the five newly recorded species are provided.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61875094)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018M642386)K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University
文摘We demonstrate multiwavelength Brillouin fiber lasers(MWBFLs)with double-frequency spacing based on a small-core fiber(SCF)and a standard single-mode fiber(SMF),which have core diameters of 5 and 8.8μm,respectively.Experimental results show that the SCF-based MWBFL exhibits a higher laser output power and a lower pump threshold.The output powers of the SCF-based MWBFL are>1.4 times those of the SMF-based MWBFL.Moreover,the threshold power required to generate each channel of the SCF-based MWBFL is 59%that of the SMF-based MWBFL.When the same pump power of 180 mW is injected,the number of laser channels generated for the SCF-based MWBFL is 13,which is twice that generated for the SMF-based MWBFL.In addition,the SCF-based MWBFL exhibits good wavelength tunability from 1535 to 1565 nm and temporal stability over an hour.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFC1700400,2017YFC1700405)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81921001,82122073)。
文摘Objective:Yiqi Fumai Lyophilized Injection(YQFM),a Chinese medicine injection,has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases,especially heart failure(HF).However,bioactive compounds and underlying mechanisms of YQFM in treating HF remain poorly understood.Materials and Methods:Network pharmacology was employed to investigate the bioactive compounds and mechanisms of YQFM.A compound-target network was constructed to screen bioactive compounds based on contribution index calculation.Then,an adriamycin-induced HF rat model was established to evaluate the cardio-protective effects of YQFM by hematoxylin and eosin staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results:Network pharmacology indicated that YQFM may alleviate HF through 36 compounds and 109 targets.Particularly,ginsenosides Rb1,Rg1,Re,Rf,Rb2,Rh1,schisandrin,and ginsenoside Rc were indicated as the top contributors of YQFM in treating HF.YQFM was predicted to act on multiple targets such as vascular endothelial growth factor A,interleukin-2(IL-2),IL-6,and IL-1β,as well as to regulate signaling pathways such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1,tumor necrosis factor,VEGF,and PI3K-Akt.The pharmacological study suggested that YQFM could attenuate cardiac injury and up-regulate plasma concentrations of VEGFR-1 and NO in HF rats.Ginsenoside Rb1,as the major contributor from network pharmacology analysis,also showed a cardioprotective effect and up-regulation of VEGFR-1 in plasma.Conclusions:Ginsenosides and schisandrin were predicted as the most important contributors to the cardioprotective effect of YQMF.Ginsenoside Rb1 was proved to alleviate HF and increase the plasma concentration of VEGFR-1.
基金The Cotton Textiles Research Trust with the project"Protective Efficiency of Respiratory Protective Equipment against Byssinosis for Cotton Workers"The University of Manchester through project AA14512(UMRI project"Graphene-Smart Textiles E-Healthcare Network")。
文摘Electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)nanofiber web has been widely utilized as a functional material in various flexible sensors and generators due to its high piezoelectricity,ease processability,and low cost.Among all the crystalline phases of PVDF,β-phase is a key property for PVDF nano fiber web,because the con tent of β-phase is directly proporti onal to piezoelectric performa nee of PVDF nano fiber web.Herein,the impact of graphe ne con tent(GC),tip-to-collector dista nee(TCD),and rotational speed of collector(RSC),as well as their interactions on theβ-phase formation of PVDF nano fiber web is systematically investigated via design of experime ntal method.The fraction of each crystalline phase of PVDF nano fiber web is calculated by FTIR spectra,and the crystallinity is determined by XRD patterns.The influences of GC,TCD,and RSC on both β-phase fraction and crystallinity of PVDF nanofiber are analyzed using Minitab program.The results show that GC,TCD,and RSC all have significa nt effect on the β-phase content of PVDF nano fiber web,and GC is the most significant one.In addition,an optimal electrospinning condition(GC=1 wt%,TCD=4 cm,and RSC=2000 r·min^-1)to fabricate high 0-phase crystallinity of PVDF nanofiber web is drawn,under which the crystallinity can reach 41.7%.The contributions in this study could provide guidanee for future research on fabricating high performance PVDF nanofiber web based sensors or generators.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1707904,2018YFC1707900)。
文摘Objective:Belamcandae Rhizoma and Iridis Tectori Rhizoma are easily confused with each other.The main objective of this study is to distinguish them using chemical analysis.Materials and Methods:Thin-layer chromatography(TLC)and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)fingerprint methods were established to compare the chemical profile,while HPLC quantitation was used to determine the contents of three isoflavones in thirty batches of Belamcandae Rhizoma and Iridis Tectori Rhizoma samples.Results:The two herbs could be distinguished by TLC using acetic acid-n hexane-ethyl acetate(1:90:80 v/v/v)as the mobile phase,according to the fluorescent band under 366 nm at R_(f) 0.2.In total,12 compounds were identified in the 24-min HPLC fingerprint.The similarity coefficient between the two herbs was 0.54±0.01.Mangiferin(1),tectoridin(2),iridin(3),irigenin(5),irisflorentin(6),and iristectorin A(9)were the main peaks in Belamcandae Rhizoma,while tectoridin(2)and tectorigenin(4)were the major peaks in Iridis Tectori Rhizoma.The contents of 2 in Iridis Tectori Rhizoma(2.50±0.20%)were 8.93 times higher than that of Belamcandae Rhizoma(0.28±0.08%),while the ones of 5 and 6 were slightly lower in Iridis Tectori Rhizoma.Conclusions:The study established fast and effective methods to distinguish Belamcandae Rhizoma from Iridis Tectori Rhizoma.
基金supported by the China State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. ZYBZH-Y-GD-13-ZYY-2017-108)
文摘Turmeric, derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.(Zingiberaceae),is one of the most popular herbal medicines.Its main bioactive constituents include curcuminoids,sesquiterpenes, and terpecurcumins.It exhibits antitumor,anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,antibacterial,and antiviral activities.With the rapid development of analytical technologies,remarkable progress has been made in studies of turmeric.This review article summarizes research advances in chemical analysis and quality control of turmeric from 2009 to 2018.
