Zika Virus Screening in the Kenyan Olympic Team Attending the 2016 Olympic Games in Brazil

The 2016 Olympic Games happened at the time of heightened fears of Zika virus (ZIKV) that was causing microcephaly in newborns in Brazil. To avert or track introduction of ZIKV in Kenya, the Ministry of Health developed a public health response that involved screening of the Kenyan contingent before and after traveling to Brazil. Of the 92 team members that were screened, all but one tested negative for ZIKV IgM and IgG. The sero-positive individual had high IgM serum titers before and after travel to Brazil. When tested for potential antibody cross-reactivity to other flaviviruses that have been reported in Kenya, the sample showed high IgM cross-reactivity to West Nile, Tick-Borne Encephalitis and Yellow Fever Virus. Our data support the low risk predictions of acquiring ZIKV that were made before the Games and will help inform risk assessments for personnel traveling to endemic regions under similar circumstances in the future.

肯尼亚内罗毕地区HIV携带者和艾滋病患者饮用中药Restore Plus颗粒冲剂提高免疫功能降低病毒载量的初步研究

目的:评价肯尼亚内罗毕地区HIV携带者和艾滋病(AIDS)患者饮用Restore Plus颗粒冲剂22个月后受试者免疫功能的改善情况。方法:将29～49岁的受试者71人随机分为2组:安慰剂组(n=30)和Restore Plus颗粒冲剂组(n=41)。其中61人(80%以上)为低收入、低教育背景的单身、已婚或离异女性。结果:与安慰剂组相比,服用Restore Plus的患者在服用期间和后续时间内,食欲、体重、身体机能、低体温方面均有所改善,特别是HIV和AIDS体征性状改善更佳,主要表现在:患者中有腹泻症状者的比例从10.5%降至0%;上呼吸道感染者从10.5%降至0%;头疼患者从15.8%降至4.0%;皮疹者从21.1%降至4.2%;感觉乏力者从15.8%降至0%。85.7%的患者在服用第12个月可见改善。而且,服用Restore Plus患者的CD 3+和CD 4+淋巴细胞计数增高,HIV病毒载量明显降低,甚至低于检测限。对服用者的肝功能检测表明其与对照组之间较为一致,未显示对肝脏的不良反应。结论:服用Restore Plus的患者没有出现毒性作用,用其对抗HIV感染和AIDS,患者免疫功能恢复,病毒载量可低于检测下限。服用Restore Plus将是HIV携带者和AIDS患者的可选辅助治疗方案。