Deformation monitoring of long-span railway bridges based on SBAS-InSAR technology

The deformation monitoring of long-span railway bridges is significant to ensure the safety of human life and property.The interferometric synthetic aperture radar(In SAR)technology has the advantage of high accuracy in bridge deformation monitoring.This study monitored the deformation of the Ganjiang Super Bridge based on the small baseline subsets(SBAS)In SAR technology and Sentinel-1A data.We analyzed the deformation results combined with bridge structure,temperature,and riverbed sediment scouring.The results are as follows:(1)The Ganjiang Super Bridge area is stable overall,with deformation rates ranging from-15.6 mm/yr to 10.7 mm/yr(2)The settlement of the Ganjiang Super Bridge deck gradually increases from the bridge tower toward the main span,which conforms to the typical deformation pattern of a cable-stayed bridge.(3)The sediment scouring from the riverbed cause the serious settlement on the bridge’s east side compared with that on the west side.(4)The bridge deformation negatively correlates with temperature,with a faster settlement at a higher temperature and a slow rebound trend at a lower temperature.The study findings can provide scientific data support for the health monitoring of long-span railway bridges.

Dysbiosis promotes recurrence of adenomatous polyps in the distal colorectum

BACKGROUND Colorectal polyps,which are characterized by a high recurrence rate,represent preneoplastic conditions of the intestine.Due to unclear mechanisms of pathogenesis,first-line therapies for non-hereditary recurrent colorectal polyps are limited to endoscopic resection.Although recent studies suggest a mechanistic link between intestinal dysbiosis and polyps,the exact compositions and roles of bacteria in the mucosa around the lesions,rather than feces,remain unsettled.AIM To clarify the composition and diversity of bacteria in the mucosa surrounding or 10 cm distal to recurrent intestinal polyps.METHODS Mucosal samples were collected from four patients consistently with adenomatous polyps(Ade),seven consistently with non-Ade(Pol),ten with current Pol but previous Ade,and six healthy individuals,and bacterial patterns were evaluated by 16S rDNA sequencing.Linear discriminant analysis and Student’s t-tests were used to identify the genus-level bacteria differences between groups with different colorectal polyp phenotypes.Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the correlation between intestinal bacteria at the genus level and clinical indicators.RESULTS The results confirmed a decreased level of probiotics and an enrichment of pathogenic bacteria in patients with all types of polyps compared to healthy individuals.These changes were not restricted to the mucosa within 0.5 cm adjacent to the polyps,but also existed in histologically normal tissue 10 cm distal from the lesions.Significant differences in bacterial diversity were observed in the mucosa from individuals with normal conditions,Pol,and Ade.Increased abundance of Gram-negative bacteria,including Klebsiella,Plesiomonas,and Cronobacter,was observed in Pol group and Ade group,suggesting that resistance to antibiotics may be one risk factor for bacterium-related harmful environment.Meanwhile,age and gender were linked to bacteria changes,indicating the potential involvement of sex hormones.CONCLUSION These preliminary results support intestinal dysbiosis as an important risk factor for recurrent polyps,especially adenoma.Targeting specific pathogenic bacteria may attenuate the recurrence of polyps.

An improved typhoon monitoring model based on precipitable water vapor and pressure

The potential of monitoring the movement of typhoons using the precipitable water vapor(PWV) has been confirmed. However, monitoring the movement of typhoon is focused on PWV, making it difficult to describe the movement of a typhoon in detail minutely and resulting in insufficient accuracy. Hence,based on PWV and meteorological data, we propose an improved typhoon monitoring mode. First, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis 5-derived PWV(ERA5-PWV) and the Global Navigation Satellite System-derived PWV(GNSS-PWV) were compared with the reference radiosonde PWV(RS-PWV). Then, using the PWV and atmospheric parameters derived from ERA5, we discussed the anomalous variations of PWV, pressure(P), precipitation, and wind speed during different typhoons. Finally, we compiled a list of critical factors related to typhoon movement, PWV and P. We developed an improved multi-factor typhoon monitoring mode(IMTM) with different models(i.e.,IMTM-I and IMTM-II) in different cases with a higher density of GNSS observation or only Numerical Weather Prediction(NWP) data. The IMTM was evaluated through the reference movement speeds of HATO and Mangkhut from the China Meteorological Observatory Typhoon Network(CMOTN). The results show that the root mean square(RMS) of the IMTM-I is 1.26 km/h based on ERA5-P and ERA5-PWV,and the absolute bias values are mostly within 2 km/h. Compared with the models considering the single factor ERA5-P/ERA5-PWV, the RMS of the IMTM-I is improved by 26.3% and 38.5%, respectively. The IMTM-II model manifests a residual of only 0.35 km/h. Compared with the single-factor model based on GNSS-PWV/P, the residual of the IMTM-II model is reduced by 90.8% and 84.1%, respectively. These results propose that the typhoon movement monitoring approach combining PWV and P has evident advantages over the single-factor model and is expected to supplement traditional typhoon monitoring.

Study on the preparation and properties of sunscreen O/W/Si multiple emulsion

To solve the greasiness and irritation risks brought about by organic sun-screening agents in sunscreen emulsions,in this work,a sunscreen O/W/Si multiple emulsion was prepared by two-step emulsification method,in which the outer oil phase was silicone oil and the inner oil phase was solid lipid nanoparticles coated with organic sun-screening agent.Several influencing factors on the formation and stability of the emulsion were analyzed,including inorganic salts,the volume fraction of outer oil phase(silicone oil),and the dosage of W/O emulsifier.The in vitro sunscreen performance,water resistance and skin permeability of different types of sunscreen emulsions were further studied.The results showed that the sunscreen O/W/Si multiple emulsion containing 22.5%silicone oil,2.5%emulsifier and 0.2%NaCl had the best stability under the experimental conditions.The SPF value and water resistance of sunscreen O/W/Si multiple emulsion were slightly higher than those of sunscreen W/O emulsion,but significantly higher than those of sunscreen O/W emulsion.Compared with sunscreen W/O emulsion,the in vitro transdermal permeability of organic sun-screening agent in sunscreen O/W/Si multiple emulsion was reduced by approximately 60%,indicative of higher safety and good application prospect in sunscreen cosmetics.

蚁群算法在板式家具生产调度中的应用

总结基于不同生产调度类型的蚁群算法的应用现状与发展趋势,针对如何实现家具企业资源合理配置,有效解决生产调度管理问题,采用蚁群算法对家具企业生产调度过程进行研究,将蚁群觅食过程与家具零件加工分批和调度过程进行对应,建立算法模型,以产品完工时间最小为目标,最后制定出基本算法的步骤,对于家具企业生产调度研究具有重要指导作用。

基于沉积相—岩石类型控制的生物碎屑灰岩油藏三维地质建模方法研究——以伊拉克H油田白垩系Mishrif组为例

与碎屑岩储层相比,碳酸盐岩储层非均质性强,孔隙结构复杂,基于沉积相带分类的孔喉半径分布范围较宽、常规孔—渗关系较差,因此以沉积相控制储层物性的建模方式并不适用。以伊拉克H油田白垩系Mishrif组为例,通过地震、测井、地质、油藏动态等资料,在精细油藏描述与储层评价的基础上,依据岩石分类技术划分的岩石物理相与沉积相带间的内在成因联系,通过以沉积相模型为控制建立岩石类型模型,进而分岩石类型建立孔隙度、渗透率和饱和度模型,并结合静态、动态信息刻画隔层、夹层及高渗条带分布,修正渗透率,形成了一套基于沉积相—岩石类型分级控制的生物碎屑灰岩油藏三维地质建模方法。验证结果表明,利用此方法建立的地质模型较为可靠,能够充分反映储层的非均质性,数值模拟对各项动态指标的首次拟合率达到近65%。

20世纪中国文物建筑保护思想的发展

文物建筑保护作为一种非传统的观念,在中国传统文化的影响下,在历史研究,特别是建筑历史研究需求的促进下,逐渐形成了自身的特色。20世纪80年代国际文化遗产保护原则的引入,导致了保存真实历史信息与强调以恢复原状为修复目标的观念碰撞,影响了中国文物保护原则的形成和调整。2000年通过的《中国文物古迹保护准则》实现了中国文物建筑保护与国际文化遗产接轨,为21世纪中国从文物保护向文化遗产保护的跨越式发展奠定了基础。

基于“化工技术经济”的教学探索与实践

在遵循“化工技术经济”课程知识体系和内在逻辑的基础上,探索符合“00后”大学生特点的教学方式。要重视学生在教学中的作用,使学生明确学习目标,激发学习兴趣,产生学习需要,形成学习动机,充分调动学生的主体意识。继续探索雨课堂在教学中的应用。要提高教师的课堂组织能力,更好地执行教学设计。采用与时俱进的案例丰富教学内容。如,讲到经济效益分析时采用太阳能光伏产业的案例;投资分析时引用济南新旧动能转换先行区建设和齐鲁制药工业园投资分析案例。

油气储层岩心实验的样本量设计

油气储层实验数据是油气地质研究、岩石地球物理评价和油气藏工程理论计算的基础。然而,油气储层所用的岩心样品数量有限且实验费用高昂,难以获取大量的实验数据,这就造成了后续储层参数评价的不确定性。该文阐述了油气储层岩心实验数据的样本量设计方法,探讨了随机抽样方法下合理的样本量设计流程;结合实测油气储层实验数据,分析了样本量设计的效果。结果表明:利用相邻井岩心资料和测井信息可以有效地预估岩心实验的样本量,提高实验数据的应用效果。在岩心实验的设计中,应该充分重视实验样本量设计这一基本环节,并采用随机化、重复和区组化的实验设计策略,对于节约实验周期与成本、提升岩心实验数据的可靠性有着重要作用。

分层抽样方法在岩心柱取样中的应用

通过储层岩心实验得到的数据是地质研究、测井解释和油气藏工程计算的基础。岩心柱样品的选择是储层岩心实验的第一步,其取样精度对实验结果具有重要的影响。当岩心柱样品取样数量受限的情况下,传统的简单随机抽样方法难以满足测量精度的要求。针对传统抽样方法的局限性,阐述了分层抽样方法的原理,并探讨了分层抽样参数的选取标准。在实测数据的基础上,使用Visual Basic语言编程实现蒙特卡洛算法,对随机抽样和分层抽样的测量精度进行了比较。结果表明:在相同抽样数量的前提下,分层抽样的数据精度明显优于简单随机抽样。因此,根据不同岩心实验的要求,提出了基于分层抽样的岩心柱样品的选择方法。该方法可以预估取样精度,并据此设计合理的样品数量,当实验样品数量受限时,可以有效地提升取样精度。

火电厂废水处理与分质分量梯级利用研究

为优化火电厂废水处理系统和消除外排废水,在水平衡试验与水处理系统分析的基础上,提出了全厂废水处理系统的优化技术路线,即废水分质分量梯级利用(高品质排水直接回收利用,中品质排水经处理后重复利用,低品质排水则经收集后用作脱硫补充水)和脱硫废水的蒸发结晶处理2部分。结果表明,应用后可实现全厂无废水排放,减少电厂净补水量23.8%;发电用水量为0.125 m3/GW,较优化前降低31.1%;实现废水的高效重复利用,梯级利用率达16.8%。

基于角点检测的数控激光切割机刀位轨迹生成研究

针对当前已有方法未考虑对数控激光切割机刀位图像进行角点检测,导致刀位轨迹长度和生成时间增加,刀位轨迹生成精度降低的问题,提出基于角点检测的数控激光切割机刀位轨迹生成方法。采用相似金字塔计算原理,组建多层图像,通过多尺度Harris算子,分层搜索并提取数控激光切割机刀位图像特征角点。使用分层图像以及分区域图像特征角点进行融合计算,完成角点检测。利用区域生长原则,对不同区域特征角点检测区域进行分割,通过等残留高度法,生成数控激光切割机刀位轨迹。实验结果表明,所提方法的平均刀位轨迹生成精度为98%,刀位轨迹生成时间为27 ms,能够有效提高刀位轨迹生成结果的精度,降低刀位轨迹长度和生成时间。

Neurochemical mechanism of the gastrointestinal interdigestive migrating motor complex in rats with acute inflammatory stomach ache

The normal gastrointestinal interdigestive migrating motor complex cycle was interrupted, and paroxysmal contraction appeared after formaldehyde-induced stomach ache. Activities of nitric oxide synthase, acetylcholinesterase and vasoactive intestinal peptide neurons were significantly reduced, whereas activities of calcitonin gene-related peptide neurons were significantly increased in the pyloric sphincter muscular layer, myenteric nerve plexus and submucous nerve plexus. Electroacupuncture at Zusanfi （ST36） suppressed paroxysmal contraction in rats with formaldehyde-induced stomach ache, and neurons in the enteric nervous system were normal. These results indicated that nitrergic neurons, cholinergic neurons, vasoactive intestinal peptide neurons and calcitonin gene-related peptide neurons in the enteric nervous system may be involved in changes to the gastrointestinal interdigestive migrating motor complex following stomach ache, and that electroacupuncture can regulate this process.

应用型本科大学动物医学专业课程改革探索--以吉林农业科技学院《动物药理学》为例

《动物药理学》课程是五年制动物医学专业的一门专业核心课,也是一门实践性较强的基础学科,是疾病治疗的基础和保障,通过理论课的学习,可以掌握各种药物的作用与应用、禁忌等;将《动物药理学》的内容与学生感兴趣的相关的常见疾病结合起来,使学生能够扩大知识面并联系实际建立起完整的理论知识体系。通过实验课的学习,观察动物用药后的反应,并且掌握临床病例处方的开写及药物的配制,在验证、巩固和加深课堂所学的基础理论知识的同时,也提高实验操作与常用仪器设备的使用,从而培养学生具有独立观察、思考、分析和解决问题的能力,养成严肃认真、实事求是和科学严谨的学习态度,为今后从事教学、科研及开发等工作奠定基础。《动物药理学》为学生拓宽知识面和提高其适应能力奠定坚实的理论基础,能运用所学的基本知识来分析解决生产实践中存在的问题,用理论指导实践,从而培养学生实践动手能力和独立操作能力,为生产一线培养应用型和技能型人才。

应用型本科大学思政教育融入专业课程的实践研究——以吉林农业科技学院《动物传染病学》为例

[目的]为了更好地将应用型本科大学思政教育融入专业课程,培养出德才兼备的社会主义建设者和接班人。[方法]以吉林农业科技学院《动物传染病学》为例,探索通过多种途径将思政元素融入到专业理论课程内容及教学实践之中。[结果]动物传染病学是动物医学专业、动植物检疫、野生动物与自然保护区管理等本科专业的专业核心课程之一,是国家执业兽医师资格考试的必考课程。在探索思政资源挖掘、融入路径的过程中,坚持了立德树人的基本原则,将专业与课程思政进行了有机融合,把“三全育人”贯穿了全局,取得了良好效果,为相关学科专业的课程思政教学改革提供了理论支撑、实证数据以及教学经验,并可为其他自然科学类课程的思政教学改革提供借鉴。[结论]将思政教育有机地融入到专业课程教学中,是应用型本科大学培养出德才兼备人才的关键。

An ERA5 tropospheric parameters-augmented approach for improving GNSS precise point positioning

Precise Point Positioning(PPP) technology has developed into a potent instrument for geodetic positioning, ionospheric modeling, tropospheric atmospheric parameter detection, and seismic monitoring.As atmospheric reanalysis data products’ accuracy and spatiotemporal resolution have improved recently, it has become important to apply these products to obtain high-accuracy tropospheric delay parameters, like zenith tropospheric delay(ZTD) and tropospheric horizontal gradient. These tropospheric delay parameters can be applied to PPP to reduce the convergence time and to increase the accuracy in the vertical direction of the position. The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis 5(ERA5) atmospheric reanalysis data is the latest product with a high spatiotemporal resolution released by the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF). Only a few researches have evaluated the application of ERA5 data to Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)PPP. Therefore, this study compared and validated the ZTD products derived from ERA5 data using ZTD values provided by 290 global International GNSS Service(IGS) stations for 2016-2017. The results indicated a stable performance for ZTD, with annual average bias and RMS values of 0.23 cm and 1.09 cm,respectively. Further, GNSS observations for one week in each of the four seasons(spring: DOY 92-98;summer: DOY 199-205;autumn: DOY 275-281;and winter: DOY 22-28) from 34 multi-GNSS experiments(MGEX) stations distributed globally in 2016 were considered to evaluate the performance of ERA5-derived tropospheric delay products in GNSS PPP. The performance of ERA5-enhanced PPP was compared with that of the two standard GNSS PPP schemes(without estimated tropospheric horizontal gradient and with estimated tropospheric horizontal gradient). The results demonstrated that ERA5-enhanced GNSS PPP showed no significant improvement in the convergence times in both the Eastern(E) and Northern(N) directions, while the average convergence time over four weeks in the vertical(U)direction improved by 53.3% and 52.7%, respectively(in the case of pngm station). The average convergence times for each week in the U direction of the northern and southern hemisphere stations indicated a decrease of 16.3%, 12.6%, 9.6%, and 9.1%, and 16.9%, 9.6%, 8.9%, and 14.5%, respectively.Regarding positioning accuracy, ERA5-enhanced PPP showed an improvement of 13.3% and 16.2% over the two standard PPP schemes in the U direction, respectively. No significant improvement in the positioning performance was observed in both the E and N directions. Thus, this study demonstrated the potential application of the ERA5 tropospheric parameters-augmented approach to Beidou navigation and positioning.

Regulatory effects of the combination of berberine and ginsenoside Rb1 on high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via AMPK pathway and improved pharmacokinetics

Objective： We evaluated the protective effects of berberine （BBR） combined with ginsenoside Rb1 （G-Rb1） on high-fatdiet （HFD）-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） in rats and futher investigated the underlying mechanisms.Methods： Rats were fed an HFD for 6 weeks and then randomly divided into four groups and treated with BBR （50mg/kg）, G-Rb1 （100 mg/kg）, BBR （50 mg/kg） ＋ G-Rb1 （100 mg/kg）, or fenofibrate （40 mg/kg）. Histological examinationof liver tissue was performed. In human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2, protein expression of AMP-activatedprotein kinase （AMPK） and acetyl-CoA carboxylase was detected by western blotting, and the mRNA expression ofcarnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase was detected by quantitativePCR. Pharmacokinetic assessments included analysis of bioavailability of BBR and G-Rb1 in vivo and G-Rb1 metabolismby intestinal bacteria in vitro. Results： Compared to the single-use group, BBR combined with G-Rb1 significantlyameliorated hepatic fat accumulation in HFD-induced obese rats, as demonstrated by reduced hepatic triglyceridecontent, and histological evaluation of liver sections. Activation of hepatic AMPK and phosphorylation of acetyl-CoAcarboxylase were significantly elevated in hepatocytes treated with both BBR and G-Rb1. Consistent with the activationof AMPK, the mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 was stimulated, while the mRNA expression of3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase was suppressed. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that BBRincreased the bioavailability of G-Rb1 in Sprague-Dawley rats. Additionally, BBR prevented degradation of G-Rb1 infecal solution in vitro. Conclusion： BBR combined with G-Rb1 improved NAFLD through the AMPK signaling pathway,and BBR enhanced G-Rb1 bioavailability via promoting the intestinal absorption of G-Rb1. This combination may be auseful therapeutic agent for NAFLD.

Facing challenges： China＇s Cultural Heritage Conservation

With the problem of imbalance in cultural heritage protection and great pressure brought by development, China faces great challenges in both theories and practices of cultural heritage protection. In 2014, the 5-year revision of Principles J or the Conservation of Heritage Sites in China was completed. The Principles concludes the experience in cultural heritage protection since 2000. Cultural heritage protection in China today, however, has gained more meaning and requires the participation of experts and multiple stakeholders. By addressing its own problems in heritage protection, China is also providing experience for the international community.

基于云平台的保供电指挥系统技术架构研究

在新时期的电力事业当中,面临着人们电力需求的不断增加,需要对现有的供电体系进行实时地完善,而基于大数据平台的保供电指挥系统便属于其中的一种完善思路。其在整个建设过程要确保系统的统一性、先进性、可靠性、安全性、实用性、可扩展性、易用性、可管理性、集成性,进而实现保供电指挥系统的稳定科学性。

Embedding Derivatives and Integration Operators on Hardy Type Tent Spaces

In this paper,we completely characterize the positive Borel measuresμon the unit ball B_(n)such that the differential type operator R^(m)of order m∈N is bounded from Hardy type tent space HT_(q,α)^(p)(B_(n))into L^(s)(μ)for full range of p,q,s,α.Subsequently,the corresponding compact description of differential type operator R^(m)is also characterized.As an application,we obtain the boundedness and compactness of integration operator J_(g)from HT_(q,α)^(p)(B_(n))toHT_(s,β)^(t)(B_(n)),and the methods used here are adaptable to the Hardy spaces.