Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Anaplastic Clear Cells: A Rare Variant

Introduction: Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous group conformed by morphological and clinical varieties of neoplasms;it originates from peripheral B-cells and is distinguished into three groups: germinal center (GC), activated B lymphocyte (ABL), and the third type. The existence of DLBCL with anaplastic morphology and expression of CD30 without t (2;5) translocation is rare. The aim of the present article is to describe this morphologic variant in a 54-year-old woman and a 74-year-old man, respectively. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with DLBCL with anaplastic variant were identified from the surgical pathology records. Results: Out of 357 biopsies with this diagnosis, 11 (3%) corresponded to the anaplastic variant, 2 presented morphological clear cells;they became visible because of an increase in volume in the cervical area of 4 months of evolution, usually associated to diaphoresis and weight loss with clinical fulminating progression. An autopsy study was performed to one patient and it showed infiltration in supraclavicular lymph nodes, thyroid, and lung. The neoplastic cells presented abundant clear cytoplasm and pleomorphic nuclei that expressed CD20, CD30 and CD45. Conclusion: This variation is rare. The clinical presentation and prognosis are controversial;we present the morphological and immunophenotype changes of this variant. The differential diagnosis from other clear cell neoplasms should be made.

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Central Nervous System. Immunophenotype, Clinicopathological Features and Differential Diagnosis

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas of the central nervous system (DLBCL CNS) represent less than 1% of all lymphomas and between 2% and 3% of all cerebral tumors. They occur in adults of 60 years of age or more. The objective of this work is to describe the clinical-pathological characteristics, the immunophenotype and the differential diagnosis. Clinical Case: From the files of the surgical pathology unit we found four cases of primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the central nervous system in a 6-year period. Three corresponded to women over 47 years of age and the other to a 42-year-old man. The time of evolution was between 2 and 4 months. The symptoms were headache, blurred vision, hemiparesis, and seizures. Localization was in the pineal region, the frontal, parietal regions, and the right thalamus. Morphologically, large lymphoid cells with a diffuse growth pattern and necrosis were observed. Immunohistochemical markers, such as CD 20 and bcl2 were positive, one was positive to CD3. Expression of bcl6 and CD 10 was positive in one case, and MUM-1 was positive in three cases. All the cases were negative for Epstein-Barr virus. Conclusions: The diffuse large-B cell lymphoma of the central nervous system is rare. Its average age of presentation is at 60 years or older. The localization is in the pineal, frontal, parietal and thalamic regions. Three cases were originated by activated B lymphocyte (MUM-1 expression) and other from the Germinal Center (GC) (CD 10 expression). The clinical course was bad. The four patients died shortly after the diagnosis.

Plasma Cell Neoplasms, Clinicopathological Characteristics and Immunophenotype of 21 Patients

Introduction: Plasma cell neoplasms are monoclonal proliferations characterized by the secretion of an immunoglobulin product known as component "M" or monoclonal. The World Health Organization (WHO 2008) defines as plasma cell neoplasms the following: plasma cell myeloma, plasmacytoma and those syndromes defined by immunoglobulin deposits and primary amyloidosis, The objective of the present work was to correlate their clinical, morphological and phenotype characteristics in 21 patients. Material and Methods: A 2-year retrospective review was performed of the files of the surgical pathology laboratory and of the hematology service of the General Hospital of Mexico, searching for patients with a diagnosis of plasma cell neoplasm. We analyzed the following variables: age, gender, clinical symptoms, evolution, localization, laboratory tests, morphology, and expression of immunohistochemical markers. Of the 21 patients, 12 (57.1%) corresponded to plasma cell myelomas and 9 (42.8%) were plasmacytomas (seven extraosseous and two solitary bone plasmacytoma);women predominated with 61.4% and age ranged between 22 and 84 years. Mass and epistaxis were observed in the patients with plasmacytomas, and symptoms of medullary compression and anemia were observed in those patients with plasma cell myeloma. The time of symptomatology varied from 3 to 12 months. Laboratory tests revealed that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), beta 2 microglobulin, C-reactive protein were altered and that hypercalcemia and anemia were present more in the systemic form of the disease. Treatment depended on the clinical staging and laboratory data. Mature forms predominated morphologically. Immunohistochemical stain revealed a constant expression for CD 138, six patients expressed CD 56, and expression of the Kappa and Lambda light chains was while.