BOTTOM MESONS(B=±1)B^+=u,B^0=d,B^0=db,B^-=b,similarly for B~*'s

Many measurements of B decays involve admixtures of B hadrons. Previously we arbitrarily included such admixtures in the B±section, but because of their importance we have created two new sections：

BOTTOM,CHARMED MESONS(B=C=±1)B_c^+=c,B_c^-=cb,similarly for B_c~*'s

I（JP） = 0（0-）I, J, P need confirmation.Quantum numbers shown are quark-model predictions.

CHARMED BARYONS(C=+1)∧_c^+=udc,∑_c^(++)=uuc,∑_c^+=udc,∑_c^0=ddc,≡_c^+=usc,≡_c^0=dsc,Ω_c^0=ssc

CHARMED BARYONS Revised March 2012 by C.G. Wohl （LBNL）. There are 17 known charmed baryons, and four other candidates not well enough established to be promoted to the Summary Tables.＊ Fig. l（a） shows the mass spectrum,

BOTTOM BARYONS(B=-1)∧_b^0=udb,≡_b^0=usb,≡_b^-=dsb,Ω_b^-=ssb

In the quark model, a ∧b0 is an isospin-0 udb state. The lowest ∧b0 ought to have JP = 1/2＋. None of I, J, or P have actually been measured.

SU(3) ISOSCALAR FACTORS AND REPRESENTATION MATRICES

Written by R.L. Kelly （LBNL）. The most commonly used SU（3） isoscalar factors, corresponding to the singlet, octet, and deeuplet content of 8 8 and 10 8, are shown at the right. The notation uses particle names to identify the coefficients, so that the pattern of relative couplings may be seen at a glance. We illustrate the use of the coefficients below.

ELECTROWEAK MODEL AND CONSTRAINTS ON NEW PHYSICS

Revised November 2013 by J. Erler （U. Mexico） and A. Freit＆s （Pittsburgh U.）.10.1 Introduction 10.2 Renormalization and radiative corrections

CLEBSCH-GORDAN COEFFICIENTS,SPHERICAL HARMONICS,AND d FUNCTIONS

Note： A square-root sign is to be understood over every coefficient, e.g., for -8/15 read - √8√15.

KINEMATICS

Revised January 2000 by J.D. Jackson （LBNL） and June 2008 by D.R. Tovey （Sheffield）.

QUARK MODEL

Revised August 2013 by C. Amsler （University of Bern）, T. DeGrand （University of Colorado, Boulder）, and B. Krusche （University of Basel）.

BIG-BANG COSMOLOGY

Revised September 2013 by K.A. Olive （University of Minnesota） and J.A. Peacock （University of Edinburgh）.

COSMIC RAYS

Revised October 2013 by J.J. Beatty （Ohio State Univ.）, J. Matthews （Louisiana State Univ.）, and S.P. Wakely （Univ. of Chicago）; revised August 2009 by T.K. Gaisser and T. Stanev （Bartol Research Inst., Univ. of Delaware）.

NEUTRINO BEAM LINES AT HIGH-ENERGY PROTON SYNCHROTRONS

Revised September 2013 with numbers verified by representatives of the synchrotrons （contact C.-J. Lin, LBNL）. For existing （future） neutrino beam lines the latest achieved （design） values are given.

SUMMARY TABLES OF PARTICLE PROPERTIES

Particle Data GroupK.A. Olive, K. Agashe, C. Amsler, M. Antonelli, J.-F. Arguin, D.M. Asner, H. Baer, H.R. Band, R.M. Barnett, T. Basaglia, C.W. Bauer, J.J. Beatty, V.I. Belousov, J. Beringer, G. Bernardi, S. Bethke, H. Bichsel, O. Biebel,

ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Table 6.1 Abridged from pdg. ibl.gov/AtomicNuclearProperties by D. E. Groom （2007）. See web pages for more detail about entries in this table including chemical formulae, and for several hundred other entries. Quantities in parentheses are for gases at 20℃ and 1 atm, and square brackets indicate evaluation at 0℃ and 1 atm. Boiling points are at 1 atm.

ONLINE PARTICLE PHYSICS INFORMATION

1. IntroductionThe collection of online information resources in particle physics and related areas presented in this chapter is of necessity incomplete. An expanded and regularly updated online version can be found at：

PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

Table 4.1.Reviced 2011 by D.E.Groom（LBNL）,and E.Bergren.

SEARCHES FOR MONOPOLES, SUPERSYMMETRY, TECHNICOLOR, COMPOSITENESS, EXTRA DIMENSIONS, etc.

Magnetic Monopole SearchesIsolated supermassive monopole candidate events have not been confirmed. The most sensitive experiments obtain negative results.

COMMONLY USED RADIOACTIVE SOURCES

Table 36.1. Revised November 1993 by E. Browne （LBNL）.＂Emission probability＂ is the probability per decay of a given emission; because of cascades these may total more than 100%. Only principal emissions are listed. EC means electron capture,

COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND

Revised September 2013 by D. Scott （University of British Columbia） and G.F. Smoot （UCB/LBNL）. Appendix A, describing the BICEP2 B-mode polarization result, added April 2014.

ASTROPHYSICAL CONSTANTS AND PARAMETERS

Table 2.1. Revised November 2013 by D.E. Groom （LBNL）. The figures in parentheses after some values give the 1-σ uncertainties in the last digit（s）. Physical constants are from Ref. 1. While every effort has been made to obtain the most accurate current values of the listed quantities, the table does not represent a critical review or adjustment of the constants, and is not intended as a primary reference.