The presented study aims to extend the knowledge of toxicological profile of rare earth elements salts(REEs).The basal toxicity test performed comprised assessment of cytotoxicity(3 T3 Balb/c Neutral Red Uptake Test)t...The presented study aims to extend the knowledge of toxicological profile of rare earth elements salts(REEs).The basal toxicity test performed comprised assessment of cytotoxicity(3 T3 Balb/c Neutral Red Uptake Test)that allows for calculation of LD50(rats)on the basis of the concentration which leads to a50%reduction in cell growth(IC50).Environmental toxicity was addressed by the Tubifex tubifex(T.t.)express test.The in vitro skin irritation(OECD TG 439)and skin corrosion tests(OECD TG 431)utilizing the 3 D in vitro reconstructed human epidermal model EpiDerm(MatTek IVSL,SK)were used for assessment of skin irritation and corrosion potential hazard of REEs.Mutagenic effects were determined using the bacterial reverse mutation assay(Ames Test)on 5 Salmonella typhimurium strains with and without metabolic activation(OECD TG 471).Endocrine disruption was evaluated by means of a yeastbased assay YES/YAS(Xenometrix,CH).Skin sensitization was assessed using the LuSens assay,based on a genetically modified human keratinocyte cell line(OECD TG 442 D).The tested REEs have no potential of mutagenicity or skin sensitization,exhibit very weak endocrine disruption potential and only exceptional local irritation/corrosion effects for thulium(Ⅲ)chloride anhydrous,but have acute and chronic toxic effects on the aquatic environment.展开更多
基金the ERDF/ESF project“International Competitiveness of NIPH in Research,Development and Education in Alternative Toxicological Methods”(CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16019/0000860)by Ministry of Health,Czech Republic-Conceptual Development of Research Organization(National Institute of Public Health-NIPH,75010330)。
文摘The presented study aims to extend the knowledge of toxicological profile of rare earth elements salts(REEs).The basal toxicity test performed comprised assessment of cytotoxicity(3 T3 Balb/c Neutral Red Uptake Test)that allows for calculation of LD50(rats)on the basis of the concentration which leads to a50%reduction in cell growth(IC50).Environmental toxicity was addressed by the Tubifex tubifex(T.t.)express test.The in vitro skin irritation(OECD TG 439)and skin corrosion tests(OECD TG 431)utilizing the 3 D in vitro reconstructed human epidermal model EpiDerm(MatTek IVSL,SK)were used for assessment of skin irritation and corrosion potential hazard of REEs.Mutagenic effects were determined using the bacterial reverse mutation assay(Ames Test)on 5 Salmonella typhimurium strains with and without metabolic activation(OECD TG 471).Endocrine disruption was evaluated by means of a yeastbased assay YES/YAS(Xenometrix,CH).Skin sensitization was assessed using the LuSens assay,based on a genetically modified human keratinocyte cell line(OECD TG 442 D).The tested REEs have no potential of mutagenicity or skin sensitization,exhibit very weak endocrine disruption potential and only exceptional local irritation/corrosion effects for thulium(Ⅲ)chloride anhydrous,but have acute and chronic toxic effects on the aquatic environment.
