为研究穗发育相关基因的分子机制,对水稻“武运粳7号”辐射诱变,筛选到1个短穗小粒突变体spsg(short panicle and small grain),调查统计了该突变体的各项农艺性状,对其粒子进行扫描电镜观察,利用图位克隆技术对目的基因进行精细定位、...为研究穗发育相关基因的分子机制,对水稻“武运粳7号”辐射诱变,筛选到1个短穗小粒突变体spsg(short panicle and small grain),调查统计了该突变体的各项农艺性状,对其粒子进行扫描电镜观察,利用图位克隆技术对目的基因进行精细定位、测序鉴定及穗长相关的单倍型分析.结果表明:与野生型对照相比,突变体spsg的一级枝梗数和每穗粒数显著下降,粒长和粒宽均变小,导致穗长显著变短;该突变体的籽粒颖壳表皮细胞的长度变短;目的基因定位在水稻第11号染色体的190 kb区间内,对候选基因的测序发现,SP1(short panicle 1)基因的编码区因缺失11个碱基而发生移码突变,spsg是SP1基因的1个新等位变异;SPSG基因在籼、粳型水稻品种间存在明显的分化,籼稻品种的单倍型穗长显著优于粳稻品种.研究结果为深入解析水稻穗发育的分子机制提供了一定的理论依据.展开更多
Squamosa promoter binding protein like(SPL)基因是植物特有的转录因子,在植物生长发育过程中发挥重要的调节作用。本研究根据已释放的椰子转录组序列信息和水稻SPL基因家族的蛋白序列信息,从椰子转录组中鉴定出24个CnSPL基因,分别命...Squamosa promoter binding protein like(SPL)基因是植物特有的转录因子,在植物生长发育过程中发挥重要的调节作用。本研究根据已释放的椰子转录组序列信息和水稻SPL基因家族的蛋白序列信息,从椰子转录组中鉴定出24个CnSPL基因,分别命名为CnSPL1~CnSPL24。Pfam分析表明,椰子24个CnSPL基因同样具有拟南芥和水稻中的SBP-box保守结构域。通过聚类分析将24个基因分成6个亚族(G1~G6)。RPKM分析表明,G5亚族的CnSPL1、CnSPL2、CnSPL3和CnSPL4基因在椰子不同组织中均处于高表达水平,而G3亚族中CnSPL5、CnSPL7、CnSPL11和CnSPL13基因在椰子不同组织中则均处于低表达水平。另外,CnSPL家族基因在胚愈伤组织中均有较高表达,说明CnSPL家族很可能参与椰子胚胎愈伤的形成与分化。展开更多
水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是重要的粮食作物,其植株光合作用与肥料利用的效率是决定水稻产量的重要因素。本研究在水稻‘科辐粳7号’的辐射诱变群体中筛选到一个叶片黄化且分蘖减少的突变体,并将其命名为yllt10(yellow leaf and less tille...水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是重要的粮食作物,其植株光合作用与肥料利用的效率是决定水稻产量的重要因素。本研究在水稻‘科辐粳7号’的辐射诱变群体中筛选到一个叶片黄化且分蘖减少的突变体,并将其命名为yllt10(yellow leaf and less tillering 10)。与野生型对照相比,该突变体叶片的叶绿素含量降低、叶绿体的结构发育异常、光合作用速率显著下降。遗传分析表明yllt10突变体的表型受单隐性核基因控制,利用图位克隆技术将YLLT10基因定位于水稻第10号染色体J4与J5两个分子标记之间,通过对该区间内的注释基因进行PCR测序,发现在yllt10突变体中CAO1/PGL基因的第1个外显子发生单碱基缺失,从而导致该基因的移码突变,是CAO1/PGL基因的一个新等位变异。此外,在不同氮素浓度种植条件下,yllt10突变体均表现出对氮素不敏感的表型。本研究表明YLLT10基因调控水稻的叶色和分蘗数,影响水稻的光合作用和产量,对该基因的功能机制研究能够为水稻高产育种提供一定的理论依据。展开更多
An F<sub>2</sub> population developed from the Xa-4 near isogenic lines, IR24 and IRBB4, was used for fine mapping of the rice bacterial blight resistance gene, Xa-4. Some restriction fragment length polym...An F<sub>2</sub> population developed from the Xa-4 near isogenic lines, IR24 and IRBB4, was used for fine mapping of the rice bacterial blight resistance gene, Xa-4. Some restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） markers on the high-density map constructed by Harushima et al. and the amplified DMA fragments homologous to the conserved domains of plant disease resistance （R） genes were used to construct the genetic linkage map around the gene Xa-4 by scoring susceptible individuals in the population. Xa-4 was mapped between the RFLP marker G181 and the polymerase chain reaction （PCR） marker M55. The R gene homologous fragment marker RS13 was found co-segregating with Xa-4 by analyzing all the plants in the population. This result opened an approach to map-based cloning of this gene, and marker RS13 can be applied to molecular marker-assisted selection of Xa-4 in rice breeding programs.展开更多
This study characterizes a brittle culm (bc88) mutant of rice (Oryza sativa L.) obtained by ethylene methylsulfonate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis of Wuyunjing 7. The bc88 mutant exhibits a diversity of pleiotropic phenot...This study characterizes a brittle culm (bc88) mutant of rice (Oryza sativa L.) obtained by ethylene methylsulfonate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis of Wuyunjing 7. The bc88 mutant exhibits a diversity of pleiotropic phenotypes, including brittle culm at the whole-plant growth stages, withered leaf tips at the seedling stage, and 18-d delay in heading date at the mature stage. Genetic analysis indicates that the bc88 mutant is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. The mutated bc88 gene isolated by map-based cloning contains only one point mutation in the 5th exon relative to its wild-type BC88 (LOC_Os09g25490 and Os09g0422500), leading to an amino acid change from P to L in bc88 plants. Alignment of the putative protein sequence with its homologs indicates that the mutation is located in the conserved region of the sequence. Detection of the transcription level of BC88 in rice plants shows that the expression level of BC88 is higher in spikes and culms than in leaves, roots, and leaf sheaths. These contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanism of cellulose synthesis. The target gene BC88 can be a useful tool in molecular marker-assisted selection for rice culm trait breeding.展开更多
The homozygous restorer lines with a single copy of the transgene Xa21 have been obtained from the progenies of transgenic Minghui63 and Yanhui559 plants through PCR marker-assisted selection and test cross. These hom...The homozygous restorer lines with a single copy of the transgene Xa21 have been obtained from the progenies of transgenic Minghui63 and Yanhui559 plants through PCR marker-assisted selection and test cross. These homozygoustransgenic restorer lines can be used to breed hybrid rice with high resistance to bacterial leaf blight.展开更多
文摘为研究穗发育相关基因的分子机制,对水稻“武运粳7号”辐射诱变,筛选到1个短穗小粒突变体spsg(short panicle and small grain),调查统计了该突变体的各项农艺性状,对其粒子进行扫描电镜观察,利用图位克隆技术对目的基因进行精细定位、测序鉴定及穗长相关的单倍型分析.结果表明:与野生型对照相比,突变体spsg的一级枝梗数和每穗粒数显著下降,粒长和粒宽均变小,导致穗长显著变短;该突变体的籽粒颖壳表皮细胞的长度变短;目的基因定位在水稻第11号染色体的190 kb区间内,对候选基因的测序发现,SP1(short panicle 1)基因的编码区因缺失11个碱基而发生移码突变,spsg是SP1基因的1个新等位变异;SPSG基因在籼、粳型水稻品种间存在明显的分化,籼稻品种的单倍型穗长显著优于粳稻品种.研究结果为深入解析水稻穗发育的分子机制提供了一定的理论依据.
文摘Squamosa promoter binding protein like(SPL)基因是植物特有的转录因子,在植物生长发育过程中发挥重要的调节作用。本研究根据已释放的椰子转录组序列信息和水稻SPL基因家族的蛋白序列信息,从椰子转录组中鉴定出24个CnSPL基因,分别命名为CnSPL1~CnSPL24。Pfam分析表明,椰子24个CnSPL基因同样具有拟南芥和水稻中的SBP-box保守结构域。通过聚类分析将24个基因分成6个亚族(G1~G6)。RPKM分析表明,G5亚族的CnSPL1、CnSPL2、CnSPL3和CnSPL4基因在椰子不同组织中均处于高表达水平,而G3亚族中CnSPL5、CnSPL7、CnSPL11和CnSPL13基因在椰子不同组织中则均处于低表达水平。另外,CnSPL家族基因在胚愈伤组织中均有较高表达,说明CnSPL家族很可能参与椰子胚胎愈伤的形成与分化。
文摘水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是重要的粮食作物,其植株光合作用与肥料利用的效率是决定水稻产量的重要因素。本研究在水稻‘科辐粳7号’的辐射诱变群体中筛选到一个叶片黄化且分蘖减少的突变体,并将其命名为yllt10(yellow leaf and less tillering 10)。与野生型对照相比,该突变体叶片的叶绿素含量降低、叶绿体的结构发育异常、光合作用速率显著下降。遗传分析表明yllt10突变体的表型受单隐性核基因控制,利用图位克隆技术将YLLT10基因定位于水稻第10号染色体J4与J5两个分子标记之间,通过对该区间内的注释基因进行PCR测序,发现在yllt10突变体中CAO1/PGL基因的第1个外显子发生单碱基缺失,从而导致该基因的移码突变,是CAO1/PGL基因的一个新等位变异。此外,在不同氮素浓度种植条件下,yllt10突变体均表现出对氮素不敏感的表型。本研究表明YLLT10基因调控水稻的叶色和分蘗数,影响水稻的光合作用和产量,对该基因的功能机制研究能够为水稻高产育种提供一定的理论依据。
文摘An F<sub>2</sub> population developed from the Xa-4 near isogenic lines, IR24 and IRBB4, was used for fine mapping of the rice bacterial blight resistance gene, Xa-4. Some restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） markers on the high-density map constructed by Harushima et al. and the amplified DMA fragments homologous to the conserved domains of plant disease resistance （R） genes were used to construct the genetic linkage map around the gene Xa-4 by scoring susceptible individuals in the population. Xa-4 was mapped between the RFLP marker G181 and the polymerase chain reaction （PCR） marker M55. The R gene homologous fragment marker RS13 was found co-segregating with Xa-4 by analyzing all the plants in the population. This result opened an approach to map-based cloning of this gene, and marker RS13 can be applied to molecular marker-assisted selection of Xa-4 in rice breeding programs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30971760, 31201183)the Zhejiang Provincial Qianjiang Talents Program of China ( 2010R10085)the Zhejiang Program of Education Department (Y201225687)
文摘This study characterizes a brittle culm (bc88) mutant of rice (Oryza sativa L.) obtained by ethylene methylsulfonate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis of Wuyunjing 7. The bc88 mutant exhibits a diversity of pleiotropic phenotypes, including brittle culm at the whole-plant growth stages, withered leaf tips at the seedling stage, and 18-d delay in heading date at the mature stage. Genetic analysis indicates that the bc88 mutant is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. The mutated bc88 gene isolated by map-based cloning contains only one point mutation in the 5th exon relative to its wild-type BC88 (LOC_Os09g25490 and Os09g0422500), leading to an amino acid change from P to L in bc88 plants. Alignment of the putative protein sequence with its homologs indicates that the mutation is located in the conserved region of the sequence. Detection of the transcription level of BC88 in rice plants shows that the expression level of BC88 is higher in spikes and culms than in leaves, roots, and leaf sheaths. These contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanism of cellulose synthesis. The target gene BC88 can be a useful tool in molecular marker-assisted selection for rice culm trait breeding.
基金the State "863" High-Tech Program (Grant No. 101-01-02-01) and the International Rice Biotechnology Program of the Rockefeller Foundation.
文摘The homozygous restorer lines with a single copy of the transgene Xa21 have been obtained from the progenies of transgenic Minghui63 and Yanhui559 plants through PCR marker-assisted selection and test cross. These homozygoustransgenic restorer lines can be used to breed hybrid rice with high resistance to bacterial leaf blight.
