扬黄灌区膜下滴灌玉米水肥耦合模型及产量效应研究

以"西蒙6号"为供试材料,采用三因素五水平二次通用旋转组合设计方法,在宁夏干旱地区盐池县花马池镇田记掌村进行了膜下滴灌玉米水肥耦合模型及产量效应研究。结果表明:在该试验条件下,灌溉定额、氮、磷与产量的复相关系数为0.96,水肥处理与产量间的回归关系达到极显著水平,可用此水肥耦合模型进行产量预测。各因素对产量的影响顺序为灌溉定额>施纯磷量>施纯氮量,各因素间的交互作用对产量的影响顺序为水氮>氮磷>水磷,并且高氮配高水,中氮配中磷时产量较高。将灌溉定额、氮、磷其中的两个因素定为零水平,产量随着另外一个因素的增加均呈现先增加后减小的趋势。经模型寻优,得到不同目标产量下水和肥的最佳组合方案,为干旱地区节水节肥、水资源高效利用以及玉米产业的发展提供理论指导。

贵州农村三地道路交通使用现况及道路使用者相关危险行为研究

目的了解贵州省贵阳市松林村和安顺市板当镇、格凸河镇三地道路交通使用状况和使用者相关危险行为,为改善当地交通服务和伤害防制提供参考。方法通过问卷调查、现场观察和道路交通环境评估等多种方法收集资料,采用Epidata 3.1和SPSS 21.0进行数据录入和统计分析。结果超过半数受访居民拥有至少1辆机动车,摩托车和汽车使用构成比分别达57.58%和32.49%,75.38%的机动车驾驶员为无证驾驶。汽车安全带和摩托车头盔使用率分别为32.46%和14.33%,驾驶员使用率高于乘车人。居民道路交通风险认知评分为3~4分,初中及以上学历和摩托车使用者的道路交通风险认知评分显著高于其他人群。结论三地居民出行机动化水平较高,但对道路交通风险认知普遍较低,通乡道路存在较多安全隐患。

3D建模与虚拟现实技术应用于心包肿瘤术前评估及案例报道

目的 回顾分析一例心包肿瘤应用3D建模与虚拟现实技术进行术前评估的诊治经过,并进行文献复习。方法 收集一例心包肿瘤患者的临床资料、诊治方案和随访结果,同时结合相关文献进行分析,总结心包肿瘤的诊治特点和3D建模与虚拟现实技术在其术前评估中的应用。结果 患者女性,41岁,因“反复气促5周”入院,影像学检查均提示心包肿物,但肿物性质难以鉴别。本案例在术前利用3D建模与虚拟现实技术作出评估及手术方案制定,患者顺利接受手术并出院,住院期间无并发症,术后随访恢复良好。结论 心包肿瘤极为罕见,临床上鉴别诊断困难时需利用多模态影像进行推断,并由多学科团队评估和制定治疗方案。3D建模与虚拟现实技术是对心包肿瘤诊治具有潜在价值的实用工具。

“双碳”背景下促进我国风电设备行业发展研究

当前,随着碳达峰碳中和目标的提出,我国风电设备行业迎来发展新机遇。通过对我国18个风电设备行业上市企业的市场结构、企业效率、市场绩效进行分析,发现我国风电设备行业属于寡占型行业,龙头企业的市场势力处于较强状态;企业的综合效率、纯技术效率及规模效率平均值整体呈上升趋势;我国风电设备行业上市企业平均资产负债率呈先上升后下降的趋势,不同企业间的资产负债率存在较大差异。目前,我国风电设备行业仍存在大规模企业较少、核心竞争力不强、核心技术面临“卡脖子”困境、融资难度较大等问题。为促进我国风电设备行业高质量发展,应加大政策措施的引导支持力度,大力推动风电设备国产化进程,提高科技创新能力,加强企业内部治理。

The outcome of ventricular septal defect combined with aortic regurgitation after surgical repair

Objective:Ventricle septal defect(VSD)is commonly associated with aortic regurgitation and aortic leaflet prolapse due to anatomic and hemodynamic factors.The concomitant intervention of the aortic valve during VSD repair remains one of the major concerns.Moreover,little is known about the structure and hemodynamic change in the presence of postoperative progressive AR after VSD repair.Methods:From August 2012 to February 2019,VSD patients with aortic regurgitation who underwent VSD surgical repair with or without aortic valve intervention in our institution were retrospectively reviewed.Preoperative echo and postoperative echo in the followup were collected and compared.Results:The mean age of the patients on VSD repair was 3.2.Those with postoperative progressive aortic regurgitation showed significantly increased right atrium,mean pulmonary artery,valve flow velocity,and A-wave velocity,and significantly reduced right ventricle outflow tract and descending aorta flow velocity(P<0.05).Additionally,compared with no AR intervention,aortic valvuloplasty during VSD repair predispose patients to have progressive AR(P<0.05).Conclusion:There was augmented capacity in the right-heart system and increased valvular flow velocity in the left-heart system in VSD patients combined with postoperative AR.Additional aortic valvuloplasty or aortic valve replacement during surgical VSD repair might not be necessary,especially for those with no or mild AR preoperatively.Aortic valve replacement,if required,is a more appropriate alternative in halting postoperative AR progression than aortic valvuloplasty.

Impact of right ventricle to pulmonary artery connection and systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt surgery on promoting the development of pulmonary vasculature in patients with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect

Background Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect(PA/VSD)is a rare and complex congenital heart disease(CHD).The optimal palliative surgical strategy for pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect(PA/VSD)in neonates and young infants is controversial.Surgery mainly includes the following two options,right ventricle to pulmonary artery connection(RV-PA)and systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt surgery(SPS).Objectives:To determine the impact of the right ventricle to pulmonary artery connection or systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt surgery as the initially palliated surgical strategy on promoting the development of pulmonary vasculature in patients with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect(PA/VSD).Methods:From January 2010 to December 2019,104 patients with PA/VSD in Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute who underwent right ventricle to pulmonary artery connection or systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt surgery as the initially palliated surgical strategy to promoting the development of pulmonary vasculature were identified and enrolled in this retrospective study.The cohort was divided into two groups:group-Right Ventricle to Pulmonary Artery Connection(RV-PA),who underwent initial palliation with staged repair(n=51),and group-Systemic-to-Pulmonary Artery Shunt(SPS)(n=53).Preoperative and postoperative the development of pulmonary vasculature data have been collected and compared.Results:Before the surgery,the Mc Goon Ratio of the RV-PA group significantly high than and the SPS group(P<0.05).After the surgery,in the RV-PA group,the Nakata index,Mc Goon Ratio score significantly increased during the interstage period(P<0.01).At the meantime,the HCT,RBC and HB significantly reduced in the RV-PA group compared with the SPS group(P<0.05).The shunt group performed better in these areas:length of hospital stay,ACC time and CPB time(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt,right ventricle to pulmonary artery connection is more effective to promote the development of the pulmonary vasculature for pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect.

Analysis of the aortic root dilation in patients with late repaired tetralogy of Fallot

Background Objective:The aorta root dilation remains one of the major concerns in surgical management for patients with unrepaired or repaired tetralogy of Fallot.The present study was sought to characterize the evolution of aorta root dilation after tetralogy of Fallot repair in a long-term follow-up and determine the necessity of simultaneous intervention or reoperation on the dilated aortic root.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed a total of 100consecutive patients undergoing intra-cardiac tetralogy of Fallot repair in Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital from Jan 2010 to Jan 2015.Operation records and transthoracic echocardiography data including initial preoperative assessment and a series of postoperative visits were all collected and compared.Results:Of the 100 consecutive patients(24.9±13.3 years,51 male),40%and 55%underwent ventricular septal defect repair with an operational approach on the right atrium incision and right ventricle outflow tract incision,respectively.The aorta root dimension decreased shortly after tetralogy of Fallot repair(P=0.01)but significantly augmented in the second postoperative follow-up(P=0.02),with no distinct change in the next several postoperative follow-ups.Conclusion:The aorta root dilation in patients after late tetralogy of Fallot repair is common but seems stable in a long-term follow-up,suggesting that it might not necessitate surgical correction during or after repairing the tetralogy of Fallot,especially for those without preoperative aortic root dilation.