旨在通过简化基因组测序(specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing,SLAF-seq)技术分析永登七山羊群体遗传多样性和群体结构,为永登七山羊作为新发现资源申报提供支撑。本研究以甘肃省4个地方绵羊群体(每个群体随机选取10只成年健...旨在通过简化基因组测序(specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing,SLAF-seq)技术分析永登七山羊群体遗传多样性和群体结构,为永登七山羊作为新发现资源申报提供支撑。本研究以甘肃省4个地方绵羊群体(每个群体随机选取10只成年健康母羊)作为研究对象,利用SLAF技术检测全基因组范围内的单核苷酸多态性位点(SNPs)。通过perl编程计算观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)、香浓维纳指数(SHI)和基因多样性指数(Nei)等5个遗传多样性指标;PopLDdecay软件分析每个品种连锁不平衡情况;elgensoft软件进行主成分分析(PCA);mega x软件构建4个绵羊品种的系统发育树;structure软件进行群体遗传结构分析;gcta软件进行亲缘关系分析。结果表明,40只绵羊个体共检测到1658596个SNPs位点,其中大部分SNPs位点位于基因间区域。永登七山羊群体Ho、He、PIC、SHI、Nei指标值分别为0.082、0.277、0.221、0.411和0.305,且永登七山羊的连锁不平衡系数较高,衰减速度较慢,说明永登七山羊群体遗传多样性低;永登七山羊与滩羊、兰州大尾羊和岷县黑裘皮羊之间的遗传分化系数(F_(st))分别为0.0906、0.0980和0.1045,表明永登七山羊与其他3个品种之间分化程度较高;PCA显示,群体间聚类模式差异明显,可将永登七山羊与兰州大尾羊、滩羊和岷县黑裘皮羊区分开;系统发育树结果表明,兰州大尾羊独自聚为一大支,永登七山羊和滩羊聚为另一大支,亲缘关系较近,随后永登七山羊逐渐分离出来独自聚为一小支;structure分析表明,K=2为最优分群数,即4个群体来自两个原始祖先,随着K值逐渐增加,部分永登七山羊个体发生分离,与其他品种遗传背景差异明显。亲缘关系热图显示,每个亚群个体之间亲缘关系较低。结果提示,永登七山羊与兰州大尾羊群体遗传多样性低,永登七山羊与滩羊、兰州大尾羊和岷县黑裘皮羊之间分化明显,这为进一步挖掘永登七山羊种质资源特性提供了理论数据。展开更多
旨在检测永登七山羊群体基因组选择信号,挖掘永登七山羊有价值的种质特性基因。本研究以4个绵羊群体(永登七山羊、岷县黑裘皮羊、兰州大尾羊和滩羊)共40个个体为研究对象,利用简化基因组测序(specific-locus amplified fragment sequenc...旨在检测永登七山羊群体基因组选择信号,挖掘永登七山羊有价值的种质特性基因。本研究以4个绵羊群体(永登七山羊、岷县黑裘皮羊、兰州大尾羊和滩羊)共40个个体为研究对象,利用简化基因组测序(specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing,SLAF-seq)技术检测全基因组范围内的单核苷酸多态性位点(SNPs)。基于SNPs数据集,通过elgensoft软件进行主成分分析;运用Treemix软件分析基因流事件;利用群体遗传分化指数(Fst)和核苷酸多样性比值(πratio)进行全基因组选择性清除分析,取top 5%Fst和πratio的交集以确定基因组受选择区域,并对候选基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析。结果共得到1658596个群体SNPs;主成分分析(PCA)发现永登七山羊能够独立分群,基因流表明永登七山羊和兰州大尾羊存在较弱的基因交流。以永登七山羊为试验群体,岷县黑裘皮羊、兰州大尾羊和滩羊为参考群体进行选择清除分析,3个比较组的受选择区域分别检测出424、294、301个候选基因;GO和KEGG分析结果表明,候选基因分别显著富集在65、79、41个GO条目及15、22、10条KEGG通路上(P<0.05)。此外,将岷县黑裘皮羊、兰州大尾羊和滩羊3个群体的数据合并为一个数据集与永登七山羊进行比较,共筛选到466个候选基因,显著富集到124个GO条目及7条KEGG通路(P<0.05)。从中筛选到永登七山羊重要经济性状相关的功能基因BMP2、GRM 1和ALDH 1A1。研究结果表明,在永登七山羊全基因组范围内进行选择信号检测,鉴定到与生长发育、脂尾进化相关的候选基因,为永登七山羊的分子遗传标记挖掘提供参考。展开更多
A new experiment-library least-squares(experiment-LLs) method used in the neutron inelastic-scattering and thermal-capture analysis(NITA) technique for on-line coal analysis was developed,which has significantly decre...A new experiment-library least-squares(experiment-LLs) method used in the neutron inelastic-scattering and thermal-capture analysis(NITA) technique for on-line coal analysis was developed,which has significantly decreased the non-linear radiation effects.In this method,sixty samples with preset elemental contents were made,from whose experimental spectra twenty single-element spectrum libraries corresponding to twenty kinds of coal were built using the least-squares method.The spectrum of the unknown sample was analyzed based on these twenty libraries to estimate its element contents.With the initial estimated result,the procedure of developing library and analysis was iterated to build a new library with the closest element contents to the unknown sample.Hence the experiment-LLs method can reduce non-linear radiation effects.The experiment-LLs method was performed on an improved coal analysis system which was equipped with a long-life 14 MeV pulsed-neutron generator,a bulk BGO detector with a temperature controller,a moisture meter and coal-smoothing device.The precisions of this system for ash content,water content,volatile content and calorific value have reached 1.0wt%,0.5wt%,1.0wt%,350 kJ/kg,respectively.展开更多
文摘旨在通过简化基因组测序(specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing,SLAF-seq)技术分析永登七山羊群体遗传多样性和群体结构,为永登七山羊作为新发现资源申报提供支撑。本研究以甘肃省4个地方绵羊群体(每个群体随机选取10只成年健康母羊)作为研究对象,利用SLAF技术检测全基因组范围内的单核苷酸多态性位点(SNPs)。通过perl编程计算观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)、香浓维纳指数(SHI)和基因多样性指数(Nei)等5个遗传多样性指标;PopLDdecay软件分析每个品种连锁不平衡情况;elgensoft软件进行主成分分析(PCA);mega x软件构建4个绵羊品种的系统发育树;structure软件进行群体遗传结构分析;gcta软件进行亲缘关系分析。结果表明,40只绵羊个体共检测到1658596个SNPs位点,其中大部分SNPs位点位于基因间区域。永登七山羊群体Ho、He、PIC、SHI、Nei指标值分别为0.082、0.277、0.221、0.411和0.305,且永登七山羊的连锁不平衡系数较高,衰减速度较慢,说明永登七山羊群体遗传多样性低;永登七山羊与滩羊、兰州大尾羊和岷县黑裘皮羊之间的遗传分化系数(F_(st))分别为0.0906、0.0980和0.1045,表明永登七山羊与其他3个品种之间分化程度较高;PCA显示,群体间聚类模式差异明显,可将永登七山羊与兰州大尾羊、滩羊和岷县黑裘皮羊区分开;系统发育树结果表明,兰州大尾羊独自聚为一大支,永登七山羊和滩羊聚为另一大支,亲缘关系较近,随后永登七山羊逐渐分离出来独自聚为一小支;structure分析表明,K=2为最优分群数,即4个群体来自两个原始祖先,随着K值逐渐增加,部分永登七山羊个体发生分离,与其他品种遗传背景差异明显。亲缘关系热图显示,每个亚群个体之间亲缘关系较低。结果提示,永登七山羊与兰州大尾羊群体遗传多样性低,永登七山羊与滩羊、兰州大尾羊和岷县黑裘皮羊之间分化明显,这为进一步挖掘永登七山羊种质资源特性提供了理论数据。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB815005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11075064)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No.20050183008)
文摘A new experiment-library least-squares(experiment-LLs) method used in the neutron inelastic-scattering and thermal-capture analysis(NITA) technique for on-line coal analysis was developed,which has significantly decreased the non-linear radiation effects.In this method,sixty samples with preset elemental contents were made,from whose experimental spectra twenty single-element spectrum libraries corresponding to twenty kinds of coal were built using the least-squares method.The spectrum of the unknown sample was analyzed based on these twenty libraries to estimate its element contents.With the initial estimated result,the procedure of developing library and analysis was iterated to build a new library with the closest element contents to the unknown sample.Hence the experiment-LLs method can reduce non-linear radiation effects.The experiment-LLs method was performed on an improved coal analysis system which was equipped with a long-life 14 MeV pulsed-neutron generator,a bulk BGO detector with a temperature controller,a moisture meter and coal-smoothing device.The precisions of this system for ash content,water content,volatile content and calorific value have reached 1.0wt%,0.5wt%,1.0wt%,350 kJ/kg,respectively.
