适宜的株高和穗位高可提高植株的养分利用效率及抗倒伏性,对玉米增产和稳产具有重要意义。为揭示玉米株高和穗位高遗传机制,本研究以854份玉米自交系为关联群体,利用均匀分布于玉米10条染色体的2795个SNP标记对4个环境下玉米株高、穗位...适宜的株高和穗位高可提高植株的养分利用效率及抗倒伏性,对玉米增产和稳产具有重要意义。为揭示玉米株高和穗位高遗传机制,本研究以854份玉米自交系为关联群体,利用均匀分布于玉米10条染色体的2795个SNP标记对4个环境下玉米株高、穗位高以及穗位系数进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)。共定位到81个显著关联SNP位点(P<0.0001),其中与株高显著关联的SNP为35个,单个位点表型解释率为0.02%~6.23%;与穗位高显著关联SNP为31个,单个位点表型变异解释率为0.03%~3.06%;与穗位系数显著关联的SNP位点为24个,单个位点表型变异解释率为0.03%~6.64%。进一步鉴定出15个可在2个及以上环境共定位的稳定SNP,其中6个为本研究首次发现,9个位于前人定位QTL区间或/和关联SNP位点2 Mb范围内。在15个稳定SNP位点上下游各200kb的置信区间共发现83个功能注释基因,结合文献分析筛选出了每个位点最有可能的候选基因,这些候选基因主要参与激素合成与信号转导、糖类代谢、细胞分裂调控等途径。鉴定出6个主效SNP位点,并发现1个可同时调控株高、穗位高和穗位系数的一因多效位点。本研究可为分子标记辅助选择育种提供有效遗传位点,为精细定位和克隆株高与穗位高相关性状基因提供参考。展开更多
Goosegrass is one of the worst agricultural weeds on a worldwide basis. Understanding of its interference impact in crop ifeld wil provide useful information for weed control programs. Field experiments were conducted...Goosegrass is one of the worst agricultural weeds on a worldwide basis. Understanding of its interference impact in crop ifeld wil provide useful information for weed control programs. Field experiments were conducted during 2010–2012 to determine the inlfuence of goosegrass density on cotton growth at the weed densities of 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 plants m–1 of row. Seed cotton yield tended to decrease with the increase in weed density, and goosegrass at a density of 4 plants m–1 of row signiifcantly reduced cotton yields by 20 to 27%. A density of 11.6–19.2 goosegrass plant m–1 of row would result in a 50%cotton yield loss from the maximum yield according to the hyperbolic decay regression model. Bol production was not affected in the early growing season. But bol numbers per plant were reduced about 25%at the den-sity of 4 plants m–1 of row in the late growing season. Both cotton bol weight and seed numbers per bol were signiifcantly reduced (8%) at 4 goosegrass plants m–1 of row. Cotton plant height, stem diameter and sympodial branch number were not affected as much as cotton yields by goosegrass competition. Seed index, lint percentage and lint ifber properties were unaffected by weed competition. Intraspeciifc competition resulted in density-dependent effects on weed biomass per plant, 142–387 g dry weight by harvest. Goosegrass biomass m–2 tended to increase with increasing weed density as indicated by a quadratic response. The adverse impact of goosegrass on cotton yield identiifed in this study has indicated the need of effective goosegrass management.展开更多
文摘适宜的株高和穗位高可提高植株的养分利用效率及抗倒伏性,对玉米增产和稳产具有重要意义。为揭示玉米株高和穗位高遗传机制,本研究以854份玉米自交系为关联群体,利用均匀分布于玉米10条染色体的2795个SNP标记对4个环境下玉米株高、穗位高以及穗位系数进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)。共定位到81个显著关联SNP位点(P<0.0001),其中与株高显著关联的SNP为35个,单个位点表型解释率为0.02%~6.23%;与穗位高显著关联SNP为31个,单个位点表型变异解释率为0.03%~3.06%;与穗位系数显著关联的SNP位点为24个,单个位点表型变异解释率为0.03%~6.64%。进一步鉴定出15个可在2个及以上环境共定位的稳定SNP,其中6个为本研究首次发现,9个位于前人定位QTL区间或/和关联SNP位点2 Mb范围内。在15个稳定SNP位点上下游各200kb的置信区间共发现83个功能注释基因,结合文献分析筛选出了每个位点最有可能的候选基因,这些候选基因主要参与激素合成与信号转导、糖类代谢、细胞分裂调控等途径。鉴定出6个主效SNP位点,并发现1个可同时调控株高、穗位高和穗位系数的一因多效位点。本研究可为分子标记辅助选择育种提供有效遗传位点,为精细定位和克隆株高与穗位高相关性状基因提供参考。
基金funded by grants from the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2012BAD19B05)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Research Institutes, China (SJB1005)
文摘Goosegrass is one of the worst agricultural weeds on a worldwide basis. Understanding of its interference impact in crop ifeld wil provide useful information for weed control programs. Field experiments were conducted during 2010–2012 to determine the inlfuence of goosegrass density on cotton growth at the weed densities of 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 plants m–1 of row. Seed cotton yield tended to decrease with the increase in weed density, and goosegrass at a density of 4 plants m–1 of row signiifcantly reduced cotton yields by 20 to 27%. A density of 11.6–19.2 goosegrass plant m–1 of row would result in a 50%cotton yield loss from the maximum yield according to the hyperbolic decay regression model. Bol production was not affected in the early growing season. But bol numbers per plant were reduced about 25%at the den-sity of 4 plants m–1 of row in the late growing season. Both cotton bol weight and seed numbers per bol were signiifcantly reduced (8%) at 4 goosegrass plants m–1 of row. Cotton plant height, stem diameter and sympodial branch number were not affected as much as cotton yields by goosegrass competition. Seed index, lint percentage and lint ifber properties were unaffected by weed competition. Intraspeciifc competition resulted in density-dependent effects on weed biomass per plant, 142–387 g dry weight by harvest. Goosegrass biomass m–2 tended to increase with increasing weed density as indicated by a quadratic response. The adverse impact of goosegrass on cotton yield identiifed in this study has indicated the need of effective goosegrass management.
