Clinical efficacy of external treatment with Zi Cao Yang He Tang combined with hormone therapy for granulomatous mastitis and its effect on cellular pyroptosis proteins

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of external application of Zi Cao Yang He Tang combined with dexamethasone ointment in the treatment of granulomatous lobular mastitis in the mass stage and the effect on cellular pyroptosis-related proteins.Methods:Forty patients with granulomatous lobular mastitis were randomly divided into 20 cases in the observation group and 20 cases in the control group.Both groups were given dexamethasone ointment for treatment,and the observation group was treated with external application of Zi Cao Yang He Tang on the basis of the control group.Breast lump vol-ume changes,breast pain and pus symptoms,pathology and histology and immunohistochemistry,cellular death-related indicators expression were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the difference in mass volume of the observation group was significantly greater than that of the control group(16.7±21.5 in the control group and 32.9±27.4 in the experimental group)and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);the objective remission rate of the patients in the observation group(ORR=85%)was significantly higher than that of the treatment group(ORR=50%,P<0.05).In terms of pus formation rate and pain level,the breast pain score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group after two weeks or three weeks of treatment(P<0.05);the pus formation rate of the observation group was 30%,and the pus formation rate of the control group was 20%,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The immunohistochemical expression levels of caspase-1 and GSDMD in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);and in terms of the expression of cellular pyroptosis-related indexes,the expression of GSDMD,cas-pase-1,and NLRP3 in the observation group was significantly lower compared with that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The efficacy of external application of Zi Cao Yang He Tang combined with dexamethasone ointment in treating granulomatous lobular mastitis in the mass stage is remarkable,which can effectively reduce breast pain,reduce the size of the mass,de-crease the expression of cellular pyroptosisrelated indexes,and have a good anti-inflammatory effect.

Identifying the Hydrochemical Characteristics,Genetic Mechanisms and Potential Human Health Risks of Fluoride and Nitrate Enriched Groundwater in the Tongzhou District,Beijing,North China

Fluoride and nitrate enriched groundwater are potential threats to the safety of the groundwater supply that may cause significant effects on human health and public safety,especially in aggregated population areas and economic hubs.This study focuses on the high F^(−)and NO_(3)^(−)concentration groundwater in Tongzhou District,Beijing,North China.A total of 36 groundwater samples were collected to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics,elucidate genetic mechanisms and evaluate the potential human health risks.The results of the analysis indicate:Firstly,most of the groundwater samples are characterized by Mg-HCO_(3) and Na-HCO_(3) with the pH ranging from 7.19 to 8.28 and TDS with a large variation across the range 471-2337 mg/L.The NO_(3)^(−)concentration in 38.89%groundwater samples and the F^(−)concentration in 66.67%groundwater samples exceed the permissible limited value.Secondly,F^(−)in groundwater originates predominantly from water-rock interactions and the fluorite dissolution,which is also regulated by cation exchange,competitive adsorption of HCO_(3)−and an alkaline environment.Thirdly,the effect of sewage disposal and agricultural activities have a significant effect on high NO3-concentration,while the high F^(−)concentration is less influenced by anthropogenic activity.The alkaline environment favors nitrification,thus being conducive to the production of NO_(3)^(−).Finally,the health risk assessment is evaluated for different population groups.The results indicate that high NO_(3)^(−)and F^(−)concentration in groundwater would have the largest threat to children’s health.The findings of this study could contribute to the provision of a scientific basis for groundwater supply policy formulation relating to public health in Tongzhou District.

Geochemical and Isotopic Techniques Constraints on the Origin,Evolution,and Residence Time of Low-enthalpy Geothermal Water in Western Wugongshan,SE China

Geothermal resources are increasingly gaining attention as a competitive,clean energy source to address the energy crisis and mitigate climate change.The Wugongshan area,situated in the southeast coast geothermal belt of China,is a typical geothermal anomaly and contains abundant medium-and low-temperature geothermal resources.This study employed hydrogeochemical and isotopic techniques to explore the cyclic evolution of geothermal water in the western Wugongshan region,encompassing the recharge origin,water-rock interaction mechanisms,and residence time.The results show that the geothermal water in the western region of Wugongshan is weakly alkaline,with low enthalpy and mineralization levels.The hydrochemistry of geothermal waters is dominated by Na-HCO_(3)and Na-SO_(4),while the hydrochemistry types of cold springs are all Na-HCO_(3).The hydrochemistry types of surface waters and rain waters are NaHCO_(3)or Ca-HCO_(3).The δD and δ^(18)O values reveal that the geothermal waters are recharged by atmospheric precipitation at an altitude between 550.0 and 1218.6 m.Molar ratios of maj or solutes and isotopic compositions of^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr underscore the significant role of silicate weathering,dissolution,and cation exchange in controlling geothermal water chemistry.Additionally,geothermal waters experienced varying degrees of mixing with cold water during their ascent.Theδ^(13)C values suggest that the primary sources of carbon in the geothermal waters were biogenic and organic.Theδ^(34)S value suggests that the sulfates in geothermal water originate from sulfide minerals in the surrounding rock.Age dating using 3H and^(14)C isotopes suggests that geothermal waters have a residence time exceeding 1 kaBP and undergo a long-distance cycling process.

Numerical Simulation of Rainfall-induced Xianchi Reservoir Landslide in Yunyang,Chongqing,China

A calamitous landslide happened at 22:00 on September 1,2014 in the Yunyang area of Chongqing City,southwest China,enforcing the evacuation of 508 people and damaging 23 buildings.The landslide volume comprised 1.44 million m^(3) of material in the source area and 0.4 million m^(3) of shoveled material.The debris flow runout extended 400 m vertically and 1600 m horizontally.The Xianchi reservoir landslide event has been investigated as follows:(1)samples collected from the main body of landslide were carried out using GCTS ring shear apparatus;(2)the parameters of shear and pore water pressure have been measured;and(3)the post-failure characteristics of landslide have been analyzed using the numerical simulation method.The excess pore-water pressure and erosion in the motion path are considered to be the key reasons for the long-runout motion and the scale-up of landslides,such as that at Xianchi,were caused by the heavy rainfall.The aim of this paper is to acquired numerical parameters and the basic resistance model,which is beneficial to improve simulation accuracy for hazard assessment for similar to potentially dangerous hillslopes in China and elsewhere.

自体动静脉内瘘狭窄与转化生长因子-β1/Smad4信号通路的关系

目的探讨自体动静脉内瘘(AVF)狭窄与转化生长因子(TGF)-β1/Smad4信号通路的关系。方法选取2017年10月至2020年2月于贵州医科大学附属医院行AVF的60例患者为观察组,选取同期50例因外周血管疾病行血管切除的患者为对照组。比较两组患者的年龄、血钙、血磷、血红蛋白、血全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)、β2微球蛋白、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平、Smad4及TGF-β1蛋白水平。结果两组患者年龄、血钙、血磷、血红蛋白、血iPTH、β2微球蛋白、CRP水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组Smad4蛋白表达量低于对照组,TGF-β1蛋白表达量高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论TGF-β1、Smad4在透析患者AVF狭窄组织中异常表达,并在静脉内膜增生引起瘘管狭窄的过程中发挥重要作用。

基于综合评分法和风险商值法筛选黄河流域特征污染物及风险污染物

随着工业化进程的加快和城市化的发展,大量污染物排入黄河流域,并被频繁检出,威胁生态系统和人类健康。为获取潜在生态环境风险污染物,该研究通过调研2000年1月1日−2022年12月31日Web of Science(WoS)和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中黄河流域已报道的288篇污染物相关文献,使用多指标综合评分法筛选黄河流域的特征污染物,采用风险商值法获取水样和沉积物中的风险污染物。结果表明:①黄河流域共检出10类144种污染物,采用9类共13个筛选指标构建多指标综合评分法,对污染物各项指标进行评分,然后进行K-means聚类分析,按得分高低分为Ⅰ~Ⅵ级,选取得分较高的33种Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级高分值污染物作为黄河流域特征污染物,包括12种有机氯农药、10种多环芳烃、10种多氯联苯和1种邻苯二甲酸酯。②水样污染物浓度和沉积物含量前5种都是重金属、有机氯农药、邻苯二甲酸酯、多环芳烃以及药品和个人护理产品,而且二者顺序完全一致,且多数污染物的浓度之间存在显著相关性。③根据风险最大化原则,使用风险商值法(RQ)分别对水样和沉积物进行风险评估,将RQ≥0.1的污染物列为风险污染物,水样中共筛选出21种风险污染物,其中RQ≥1的高风险污染物有5种,包括硒、铅、苯并[a,h]蒽、苯并[a]蒽和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。④沉积物中共筛选出19种风险污染物,其中有13种高风险污染物,包括8种多环芳烃(芘、蒽、荧蒽、苊、萘、芴、苯并[a]蒽、苯并[a,h]蒽)、4种重金属(汞、铅、硒、砷)和1种邻苯二甲酸酯(邻苯二甲酸二丁酯)。该研究对相关部门拟定黄河流域污染物监测方案和管控措施有重要参考意义。

The Psychosomatic Traits of“People with the Five Elements in Traditional Chinese Medicine”:A Qualitative Study

Objective To identify the representative attributes of the five elements of a person with a qualitative methodology and provide the basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of“people with the five elements in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).”Methods Data collected from the literature review,two sessions of brainstorming of experts with related experience in“people with the five elements in TCM”from October 2020 to December 2020,and six rounds of in-depth interviews with 30 participants who had various attributes of the five elements from March 2021 to October 2021 were analyzed.Triangulation was used in this study,and theming and synthesizing were used to analyze the data.Results A total of 31 experts and 30 interviewees participated in this study.The median age of the experts and interviewees were 48.0 and 38.5 years,respectively;51.66%and 54.8%of experts and interviewees,respectively,were men.The descriptors of facial diagrams of“people with the five elements in TCM”were complexion,shape,distribution state of facial bones,convergence trend of facial muscles,and facial expression.A theoretical model of“people with the five elements in TCM”was shaped based on these findings.Conclusion The study suggests a possibility for bridging the gap between personality and bodily state,identifying an avenue for personality research from the perspective of TCM.

新质生产力驱动数字经济高质量发展的机理、困境与路径

新质生产力以新发展理念为思想指引,驱动数字经济创新发展动力、推动区域协调发展、转变发展方式、拓宽国际市场、共享数据要素,为数字经济高质量发展提供强大动力支持。数字经济在发展过程中难免存在关键性技术创新能力不足、传统产业数字化转型迟缓、区域间数字鸿沟亟须弥合、可持续发展意识淡薄等问题。为确保新质生产力充分发挥对数字经济高质量发展的驱动作用,需要突破核心技术,坚持自主创新发展;引导产业转型,实现融合集群发展;弥合数字鸿沟,促进区域协调发展;遵循生态普惠,推动低碳绿色发展。

紫外分光光度法测定歧化松香中去氢枞酸含量的干扰因素研究

利用液相色谱仪、制备液相色谱仪、气相色谱质谱联用仪,对歧化松香(DR)中去氢枞酸(DA)紫外光谱测定方法的干扰因素进行了详细研究。测定的市售不同省份的5个样品中有2个主要干扰物质,进一步定性,确定干扰物质1为6,8,11,13-枞四烯酸(ATA),干扰物质2为混合物,主要检出物为去氢枞醛(D)和枞酸(AA)。采用二阶导数光谱法和偏最小二乘(PLS)法对紫外光谱数据进行分析,以消除去氢枞酸紫外分光光度法的干扰,结果表明:PLS法比二阶导数光谱法误差更小,能够同时消除多种干扰因素,使测试结果更加接近真实值。

美洲大蠊肠道菌株WA5-1-7的初步鉴定及其抗菌活性成分的研究

目的对具有抗白念珠菌活性的美洲大蠊肠道来源菌株WA5-1-7进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定,并对其次级代谢物进行分离纯化,从中筛选具有抗菌活性的单体化合物。方法采用染色法和扫描电子显微镜观察菌株形态;利用PCR技术扩增菌株16S rRNA,通过其基因序列与NCBI数据库进行BLAST比对并采用N-J法构建系统发育树。菌株发酵后经乙酸乙酯溶剂萃取获得粗提物,粗提物经硅胶柱层析、葡聚糖凝胶柱层析、HPLC分离纯化,获得单体化合物,经核磁共振、质谱数据与文献比对鉴定化合物结构,并检测化合物的抗菌活性。结果菌株WA5-1-7初步鉴定为环圈链霉菌(Streptomyces anulatus),从粗提物中分离出10个化合物,分别为SF2738F(1)、SF2738D(2)、环(脯氨酸-亮氨酸)二肽(3)、SF2738A(collismycin A,4)、环(苯丙氨酸-脯氨酸)二肽(5)、SF2738C(6)、1H-吲哚甲醛(7)、大豆黄酮(8)、放线菌素X2(9)、放线菌素D(10),其中化合物4、9和10有较强抗菌活性。结论本研究从美洲大蠊肠道来源链霉菌次级代谢产物中分离出具有抗菌活性的单体化合物,为深入探索美洲大蠊肠道菌奠定了基础。

气相条件下Criegee中间体与痕量酸碱物种的双分子反应研究进展

气相臭氧化反应是不饱和烯烃在大气中重要的降解途径之一.反应会生成一个关键的Criegee中间体,该中间体有非常活跃的反应活性,可以发生单分子分解反应生成羟基自由基和烷氧自由基,也可以与大气中其他化合物发生双分子反应,生成复杂的反应产物.受测量手段的限制和大气丰度的影响,关于Criegee中间体双分子反应的研究主要集中在与H_(2)O、(H_(2)O)2及SO_(2)的反应.大气中的无机酸、有机酸、氨和有机胺是大气中痕量、具有高反应活性的化合物,在维持大气酸碱平衡、新粒子生成及二次有机气溶胶形成过程中发挥重要作用.近年的研究指出,Criegee中间体与这些痕量酸碱气体反应速率接近碰撞极限,并生成低挥发性有机物,颠覆了以往研究中认为的反应可以忽略的结论.结合前人的研究成果,对Criegee中间体双分子反应机理做了简要总结,着重阐述了Criegee中间体与无机酸和有机酸以及与氨和有机胺在大气中的双分子反应过程.从文献的梳理中我们发现Criegee中间体与有机酸和有机胺的双分子反应均可以无势垒发生,并且有低聚产物生成,这些机理的提出对于现有的全球化学传输模型和新粒子形成模型可能有重要影响.

基于“两山”理论的秦岭北麓乡村空间营建策略研究

空间营建是秦岭北麓乡村地区“两山”实践的重要保障.研究提出在乡村“资源-资产-资本”的转化过程中,应构建“两环节、三层次、多主体”的“两山”转化空间营建路径:以生态基础培育和多元增值开发为两大空间营建环节,构建“区域→单元→地块”三层次营建体系,建立多主体参与共赢的营建机制.研究以西安鄠邑区为例,梳理其在大都市圈发展背景下“两山”转化的乡村空间营建问题,提出“要素统筹、生境修复、产居转型、有序共建”四方面空间营建策略,形成地域适宜性的绿色共建模式,以期为地区乡村振兴和高质量建设提供借鉴.

以问题为导向联合线上学习模式在缺血性脑血管病专业进修中的应用分析

目的探讨以问题为导向联合线上学习模式相比于非问题为导向的线下学习模式在缺血性脑血管病专业进修中的可行性及有效性。方法采取问卷调查法对2017年1月至2023年1月在首都医科大学宣武医院介入放射中心接受过系统培训的152名进修医师进行回访。根据进修时间以及学习模式的不同,将2017年1月至2020年1月进修方式为非问题为导向的线下学习模式的进修医师纳入非问题为导向组,将2020年2月至2023年1月进修方式为以问题为导向联合线上学习模式的进修医师纳入以问题为导向组。于培训结束时以及结束2个月后进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括:进修医师的性别、年龄,参与培训前已有的工作年限,参加进修培训的目的,培训时长,对培训的感受、建议和意见,培训结束后是否开展新手术(主要包括颅内外动脉支架置入术、颈动脉内膜切除术、杂交手术、动脉旁路移植术、急诊取栓术或其他)和培训结束后开展的新手术数量。结果(1)共发放问卷调查表152份,参与问卷调查并完成反馈者136名,其中4份问卷填写不全或填写错误,排除无效问卷后,剩余有效问卷调查表共132份,回收率和有效应答率分别为89.5%和97.1%。参与培训时,进修医师的年龄为25~44岁,平均(34±4)岁。医师的工作年限分布不等,>10年者占22.7%(30/132),>5~10年者占40.9%(54/132),0~5年者占36.4%(48/132)。不同工作年限者间是否开展新手术的比例差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.501,P=0.012)。(2)参与以问题为导向和非问题为导向两种培训模式的人数分别为70人和62人。以问题为导向组中,希望通过培训学习新技术和提高手术能力的进修医师占88.6%(62/70),而在非问题为导向组中,该比例为87.1%(54/62),两组进修医师的进修培训目的差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.067,P=0.796)。对培训体会进行分析显示,认为现有的培训形式合理和内容较为充实的进修医师占比为96.2%(127/132),以问题为导向组和非问题为导向组中比例分别为97.1%(68/70)和95.2%(59/62),两组差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.354,P=0.552)。(3)经过培训后,以问题为导向组开展新手术的进修医师比例为80.0%(56/70),非问题为导向组的比例为66.1%(41/62),两组差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.247,P=0.072)。在开展新手术的数量方面,以问题为导向组和非问题为导向组中,开展新手术数量≥30例的进修医师比例分别为70.0%(49/70)和46.8%(29/62),两组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.337,P=0.007)。(4)在非问题为导向组中,开展新手术例数≥30例的进修医师进修时长为3、6、12个月者分别占13.8%(4/29)、82.8%(24/29)、3.4%(1/29);在以问题为导向组中,开展新手术例数≥30例的进修医师进修时长为3、6、12个月者分别占4.1%(2/49)、57.1%(28/49)、38.8%(19/49),两组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.531,P<0.01)。结论以问题为导向联合线上学习模式有助于中青年神经外科医师的新手术开展以及增加开展的新手术数量,但需结合既往的工作年限和进修时长作为参考。

8种杀螨剂对新疆棉田棉叶螨的防效评价

为探索不同杀螨剂对新疆棉田棉叶螨防治效果,在博尔塔拉蒙古自治州开展试验研究了8种杀螨剂对北疆棉田棉叶螨的防治效果。结果显示:25%(质量分数,下同)三唑锡悬浮剂(SC)和56%阿维·炔螨特微乳剂(ME)具有很好的速效性和持效性,而30%腈吡螨酯SC、20%丁氟螨酯SC、30%乙唑螨腈SC和5%阿维菌素SC处理对棉叶螨的防效随时间延长而提高,具有较好持效性;22%螺虫乙酯SC+助剂(哈速腾)速效性相对较好,持效性表现优良,而110 g·L^(-1)乙螨唑SC速效性和持效性均较差。结果初步表明,以上8种杀螨剂,除乙螨唑以外,其余药剂在试验剂量下对棉叶螨均表现出较好的防治效果,可轮换在棉田使用。

生态系统理论指导下的营养管理对急性淋巴细胞白血病化疗患儿营养状态的影响

目的:分析生态系统理论指导下的营养管理对急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)化疗患儿营养状态的影响。方法:选取2021年1月至2021年12月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的86例ALL患儿,采用群随机的方法分为对照组和观察组,每组各43例。对照组采取常规的营养管理,观察组采用生态系统理论指导下的营养管理。干预前后采用全自动生化仪检测血清白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PA)和转铁蛋白(TFN)水平,测量患儿上臂围、三角肌皮褶厚度,采用Piper疲乏量表评估癌因性疲乏程度。记录患儿干预期间不良反应发生情况。结果:干预后观察组血清ALB、PA、TFN、上臂围较干预前的下降幅度小于对照组(P<0.05),躯体疲乏、认知疲乏、情感疲乏、综合疲乏评分下降幅度大于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组粒细胞减少、血小板减少、肝损伤、恶心呕吐、腹泻和黏膜炎症的总不良反应发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:生态系统理论指导的营养管理可有效维持ALL化疗患儿的营养状态,提高患儿化疗耐受性。

盐酸缬更昔洛韦的合成工艺改进

目的盐酸缬更昔洛韦的合成工艺改进。方法以更昔洛韦为原料,经乙酰基保护单羟基制得O-单乙酰更昔洛韦,与Cbz-L-缬氨酸经缩合,再经盐酸脱乙酰基得更昔洛韦-Cbz-L-单缬氨酸酯,酸化后在连续流反应器中催化氢化脱苄氧羰基得盐酸缬更昔洛韦粗品,粗品在异丙醇/水(2:1,V/V)中重结晶得到盐酸缬更昔洛韦。结果工艺改进后的操作更加简便安全,可以实现长时间稳定和安全的连续流生产及后处理,目标产品1的收率和纯度得到提高,总收率48.8%,纯度99.4%。结论为盐酸缬更昔洛韦的合成提供了一种较新的方法,生产成本得以降低。

不同年龄段婴儿1177例维生素K1与K2水平分布调查分析

目的探讨对比各年龄段婴儿血清维生素K1与K2水平,了解维生素K1与K2在不同年龄段婴儿体内的分布情况。方法选取课题单位(儿科、新生儿科、儿童保健科、产科)出生/就诊的儿童作为研究对象,按年龄为0~3 d(591例)、4~7 d(255例)、8~15 d(104例)、1个月(118例)、2个月(40例)、3个月(69例)进行分组。收集患者的一般资料,采用统一平台的高效液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)法测定患者血清维生素K1与K2水平,从维生素K1与K2不同年龄段的水平分布,缺乏率进行数据分析。结果各年龄段的维生素K1与K2水平分布具有统计学意义(P<0.001);新生儿极易缺乏维生素K1,随着年龄增长,维生素K2的缺乏率高于维生素K1。结论维持维生素K1及K2的正常对于各年龄段婴幼儿的正常生长发育至关重要,应当密切关注婴幼儿维生素K1及K2的监测和补充。

2023年LIS期刊论文研究方法应用态势

研究方法的选择和运用影响研究的深度和可靠性,对科学研究发展十分重要。文章在总结LIS领域方法论研究的基础上,将LIS领域常用的研究方法整理、汇总、编码,以LIS领域11种TOP期刊2023年收录的论文为数据源,统计分析LIS期刊论文的研究方法应用态势,探讨LIS学科性质、研究对象、作者学科背景等因素对研究方法的影响。研究发现:LIS领域论文使用的研究方法内容不断演进,跨学科和新兴理论方法以及多元研究方法的应用促进了研究的深入和丰富。

鹰嘴豆田土壤处理除草剂筛选

【目的】筛选适宜于鹰嘴豆田土壤处理的安全高效除草剂。【方法】选择生产上常用的12种除草剂进行田间土壤试验,采用绝对值调查法评价各除草剂的除草效果,并分析试验剂量下各除草剂对鹰嘴豆的安全性。【结果】各处理对鹰嘴豆田阔叶草均具有较好的封闭效果,药后45 d对阔叶草总草的株防效可达93.85%~100%,鲜重防效达87.80%~100%。各处理对禾本科杂草防效略有差异,其中,330 g/L二甲戊灵EC、50%乙草胺EC、50%敌草胺WDG、960 g/L精异丙甲草胺EC和40%砜吡草唑SC处理均可有效封闭禾本科杂草,药后45 d对禾本科总草的株防效和鲜重防效可达95.19%~100%和99.13%~100%,且对鹰嘴豆安全;42%氟啶草酮SC、65%氨氟乐灵WDG、480 g/L氟乐灵EC、240 g/L乙氧氟草醚EC和250 g/L噁草酮EC处理对禾本科杂草防效也较好,药后45 d对禾本科总草的株防效可达96.58%~100%,且除240 g/L乙氧氟草醚EC外,鲜重防效可达88.24%~100%,但对鹰嘴豆生长均存在不同程度的药害,药害随鹰嘴豆生长可逐渐缓解;50%扑草净WP和51%丙炔氟草胺WDG虽可在一定程度上封闭禾本科杂草,但持效期均较短,且50%扑草净WP对鹰嘴豆有明显药害。【结论】从除草效果和对鹰嘴豆的安全性考虑,330 g/L二甲戊灵EC、50%乙草胺EC、50%敌草胺WDG、960 g/L精异丙甲草胺EC和40%砜吡草唑SC是适宜于鹰嘴豆田土壤处理的除草剂。

结直肠息肉冷圈套切除术的临床疗效分析

目的对内镜下冷圈套器息肉切除术(CSP)的临床疗效进行对照研究,评估CSP在结直肠息肉切除中的实用性、有效性及安全性,探讨其应用价值。方法收集2019年1月至2021年12月银川市第一人民医院肠镜检查中检出的直径3~10 mm息肉共694枚,按照息肉直径分成微小息肉组及小息肉组,对于微小息肉组,对照分析CSP及冷活检钳夹术(CFP)两种处理术式的完全切除率;对于小息肉组,对照分析CSP及内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR)两种处理术式的迟发性出血率、穿孔率及钛夹利用率。结果微小息肉组中CFP与CSP两种处理术式,息肉直径差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),CFP组息肉完全切除率为72.6%,低于CSP组的98.6%(P<0.05)。小息肉组中CSP与EMR处理术式在息肉直径、息肉完全切除率间差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);CSP处理术式的迟发性出血率、穿孔率及钛夹利用率均低于EMR(P均<0.05)。结论在切除微小息肉时,CSP的完全切除率比CFP更高;在切除小息肉时,CSP比EMR更加安全、经济。CSP在切除结直肠微小息肉及小息肉时,具备更多的优势,可在临床上推广应用。