Deep-sowing is an important method for avoiding drought stress in crop species,including maize.Identifying candidate genes is the groundwork for investigating the molecular mechanism underlying maize deep-sowing toler...Deep-sowing is an important method for avoiding drought stress in crop species,including maize.Identifying candidate genes is the groundwork for investigating the molecular mechanism underlying maize deep-sowing tolerance.This study evaluated four traits(mesocotyl length at 10 and 20 cm planting depths and seedling emergence rate on days 6 and 12)related to deep-sowing tolerance using a large maize population containing 386 inbred lines genotyped with 0.5 million high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).The genomewide association study detected that 273 SNPs were in linkage disequilibrium(LD)with the genetic basis of maize deep-sowing tolerance.The RNA-sequencing analysis identified 1944 and 2098 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in two comparisons,which shared 281 DEGs.By comparing the genomic locations of the 273 SNPs with those of the 281 DEGs,we identified seven candidate genes,of which GRMZM2G119769 encoded a sucrose non-fermenting 1 kinase interactor-like protein.GRMZM2G119769 was selected as the candidate gene because its homologs in other plants were related to organ length,auxin,or light response.Candidate gene association mapping revealed that natural variations in GRMZM2G119769 were related to phenotypic variations in maize mesocotyl length.Gene expression of GRMZM2G119769 was higher in deep-sowing tolerant inbred lines.These results suggest that GRMZM2G119769 is the most likely candidate gene.This study provides information on the deep-sowing tolerance of maize germplasms and identifies candidate genes,which would be useful for further research on maize deep-sowing tolerance.展开更多
The energy band structure and current density of electron gas with an exchange-correlation effect in periodic quantum wells are discussed.It is found that the energy band shows a swallowtail structure at the boundary ...The energy band structure and current density of electron gas with an exchange-correlation effect in periodic quantum wells are discussed.It is found that the energy band shows a swallowtail structure at the boundary of the first Brillouin zone when the electron exchange-correlation effect is presented and the average electron density is smaller than a critical value.The energy band structure is closely related to the current density of the system.展开更多
With the bioactivity-guided method,a new flavanone glycoside,together with nine known flavonoids were isolated from 50% aqueous ethanol of litchi（Litchi chinensis Sonn.） seeds.The chemical structure of the new compo...With the bioactivity-guided method,a new flavanone glycoside,together with nine known flavonoids were isolated from 50% aqueous ethanol of litchi（Litchi chinensis Sonn.） seeds.The chemical structure of the new compound was elucidated via 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR） techniques and mass spectrometry to be （2S）-pinocembrin-7-O-（6＂-O-α-L-arabinosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside）（1）,and the nine known compounds were determined to be quercetin（2）,phlorhizin（3）,pinocembrin-7-O-glucoside（4）,kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（5）,onychin（6）,nairutin（7）,narcissin（8）,pinocembrin-7-O-[（6＂-O-β-D-glucopyranoside）-β-D-glucopyranoside]（9） and pinocembrin-7-O-[（2＂,6＂-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl）-β-D-glucopyranoside]（10）.Some of the isolated flavonoids were tested for their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase.And compounds 2 and 3 showed stronger inhibitory activity than positive control.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0100903)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-02-13)the Natural Science Fund of Liaoning Province,China(20170540806)。
文摘Deep-sowing is an important method for avoiding drought stress in crop species,including maize.Identifying candidate genes is the groundwork for investigating the molecular mechanism underlying maize deep-sowing tolerance.This study evaluated four traits(mesocotyl length at 10 and 20 cm planting depths and seedling emergence rate on days 6 and 12)related to deep-sowing tolerance using a large maize population containing 386 inbred lines genotyped with 0.5 million high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).The genomewide association study detected that 273 SNPs were in linkage disequilibrium(LD)with the genetic basis of maize deep-sowing tolerance.The RNA-sequencing analysis identified 1944 and 2098 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in two comparisons,which shared 281 DEGs.By comparing the genomic locations of the 273 SNPs with those of the 281 DEGs,we identified seven candidate genes,of which GRMZM2G119769 encoded a sucrose non-fermenting 1 kinase interactor-like protein.GRMZM2G119769 was selected as the candidate gene because its homologs in other plants were related to organ length,auxin,or light response.Candidate gene association mapping revealed that natural variations in GRMZM2G119769 were related to phenotypic variations in maize mesocotyl length.Gene expression of GRMZM2G119769 was higher in deep-sowing tolerant inbred lines.These results suggest that GRMZM2G119769 is the most likely candidate gene.This study provides information on the deep-sowing tolerance of maize germplasms and identifies candidate genes,which would be useful for further research on maize deep-sowing tolerance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10975114 and 10774120the Natural Science Foundation of Northwest Normal University(NWNU-KJCXGC-03-48).
文摘The energy band structure and current density of electron gas with an exchange-correlation effect in periodic quantum wells are discussed.It is found that the energy band shows a swallowtail structure at the boundary of the first Brillouin zone when the electron exchange-correlation effect is presented and the average electron density is smaller than a critical value.The energy band structure is closely related to the current density of the system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（No.30873370） and the Doctor Fund of Jilin Agricultural University of China（No.201210）.
文摘With the bioactivity-guided method,a new flavanone glycoside,together with nine known flavonoids were isolated from 50% aqueous ethanol of litchi（Litchi chinensis Sonn.） seeds.The chemical structure of the new compound was elucidated via 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR） techniques and mass spectrometry to be （2S）-pinocembrin-7-O-（6＂-O-α-L-arabinosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside）（1）,and the nine known compounds were determined to be quercetin（2）,phlorhizin（3）,pinocembrin-7-O-glucoside（4）,kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（5）,onychin（6）,nairutin（7）,narcissin（8）,pinocembrin-7-O-[（6＂-O-β-D-glucopyranoside）-β-D-glucopyranoside]（9） and pinocembrin-7-O-[（2＂,6＂-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl）-β-D-glucopyranoside]（10）.Some of the isolated flavonoids were tested for their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase.And compounds 2 and 3 showed stronger inhibitory activity than positive control.
