There exists a lack of detailed empirical studies to assess the relevance of WebMapping applications. Despite this fact, it is quite common to note that importance and influence of WebMapping applications have increas...There exists a lack of detailed empirical studies to assess the relevance of WebMapping applications. Despite this fact, it is quite common to note that importance and influence of WebMapping applications have increased over the last years. This paper presents the result of an empirical study to analyze the importance of a Desktop-WebMapping application for a gastronomic web 2.0 portal for the city of Osnabrück. An exploratory focus is to evaluate how often geospatial information (in a broader information context) from this web portal is used and how important the WebMapping applications are for the users of the web portal. Furthermore, it is evaluated which WebMapping functions (e.g. routing, queries, printing) are of relevance to the users and what the order of importance is for the provided functions. To-date, just a few mobile WebMapping applications for handheld devices exist. Consequently, for OsnaGo we developed a mobile WebMapping component that can be used with mobile phones, PDAs and other handheld devices to access the web portal (http://www.osnago-mobil.de). Development and user based evaluation is presented in this paper.展开更多
This position paper is the outcome of a brainstorming workshop organised by the International Society for Digital Earth(ISDE)in Beijing in March 2011.It argues that the vision of Digital Earth(DE)put forward by Vice-P...This position paper is the outcome of a brainstorming workshop organised by the International Society for Digital Earth(ISDE)in Beijing in March 2011.It argues that the vision of Digital Earth(DE)put forward by Vice-President Al Gore 13 years ago needs to be re-evaluated in the light of the many developments in the fields of information technology,data infrastructures and earth observation that have taken place since.The paper identifies the main policy,scientific and societal drivers for the development of DE and illustrates the multi-faceted nature of a new vision of DE grounding it with a few examples of potential applications.Because no single organisation can on its own develop all the aspects of DE,it is essential to develop a series of collaborations at the global level to turn the vision outlined in this paper into reality.展开更多
The Digital Earth(DE)movement is gaining momentum.Much of it is unstructured.This paper examines a number of recent developments including those in health sensors(Wearable Absence,Q-Sensor,and Guardian Angels)and syst...The Digital Earth(DE)movement is gaining momentum.Much of it is unstructured.This paper examines a number of recent developments including those in health sensors(Wearable Absence,Q-Sensor,and Guardian Angels)and systems frameworks(Gelernter’s Mirror Worlds,Virtual Australia,and New Zealand).Consideration is given to the implications of DE for citizens and on citizen science,including those of ethics.A suite of principles to guide the development of DE is proposed.展开更多
Facility management departments’responsibilities include monitoring and maintenance of building infrastructure,such as water,gas or electricity.Very often these tasks are completed using paper maps,which make integra...Facility management departments’responsibilities include monitoring and maintenance of building infrastructure,such as water,gas or electricity.Very often these tasks are completed using paper maps,which make integrated analysis of networks challenging.Ability to consider interior network structure and provide semantic and connectivity information supporting the required analysis operations are thus crucial.This paper presents an approach relying on Building Information Model(BIM)as a data source for obtaining information about interior utilities.The semantic and connectivity information of BIM is mapped onto a new model called Network for Interior Building Utilities(NIBU).NIBU is based on the semantic categorisation of utilities,and the spatial functions that have to be performed.Three scenarios(‘maintenance operation’,‘emergency response’and‘inspection operation’)are developed to test the proposed approach.The model and its functions are implemented in spatial DBMS.The model is populated directly from a BIM server applying an Industrial Foundation Class(IFC)parser developed in-house.Five analysis functions are implemented to support spatial operations:trace upstream,trace downstream,find ancestors,find source and find disconnected.The investigation proves that BIM provides both the required semantics and attributes,and connectivity information that can facilitate analysis of interior utility networks.NIBU provides a simple yet flexible way to manage interior network information,which can be integrated into Digital Earth.展开更多
This paper describes a framework for modeling interdependencies between different network systems and building structures.It provides an approach for the integrated analysis of interior building utilities by describin...This paper describes a framework for modeling interdependencies between different network systems and building structures.It provides an approach for the integrated analysis of interior building utilities by describing a framework to model and simulate infrastructure interdependencies and their complex behaviors.It is a graph-based spatial model that can support use cases such as providing the location and specifications of interior utilities to a technician who wants to perform a maintenance operation.This location could be needed for maintenance or replacement,or to investigate the result of damage to the building structure on another utility network,or to estimate the effect of different maintenance operations in different locations along utilities service systems.The model accounts for two important aspects:first,the relationship between interior utilities and building elements or spaces and second,the building hierarchy structure to which the utilities network is related.A proper hierarchy of the building is developed which supports the generation of human-oriented descriptions of interior utilities,where a method for partitions of large building element and spaces as well as a method to reference a network element to another building are developed.The connection of the different utilities network systems and buildings are generated using joints,which are based on a containment relation.An example is presented which shows the effectiveness of this approach for supporting maintenance operations,as well as the independences between the maintenance operation location and the other network systems.The paper presents the data model and explains the links with current 3D building model standards.展开更多
Remote-sensing data play an important role in extracting information with the help of various sensors having different spectral,spatial and temporal resolutions.Therefore,data fusion,which merges images of different s...Remote-sensing data play an important role in extracting information with the help of various sensors having different spectral,spatial and temporal resolutions.Therefore,data fusion,which merges images of different spatial and spectral resolutions,plays an important role in information extraction.This research investigates quality-assessment methods of multisensor(synthetic aperture radar[SAR]and optical)data fusion.In the analysis,three SAR data-sets from different sensors(RADARSAT-1,ALOS-PALSAR and ENVISAT-ASAR)and optical data from SPOT-2 were used.Although the PALSAR and the RADARSAT-1 images have the same resolutions and polarisations,images are gathered in different frequencies(L and C bands,respectively).The ASAR sensor also has C-band radar,but with lower(25 m)resolution.Since the frequency is a key factor for penetration depth,it is thought that the use of different SAR data might give interesting results as an output.This study describes a comparative study of multisensor fusion methods,namely the intensity-hue-saturation,Ehlers,and Brovey techniques,by using different statistical analysis techniques,namely the bias of mean,correlation coefficient,standard deviation difference and universal image quality index methods.The results reveal that Ehlers’method is superior to the others in terms of spectral and statistical fidelity.展开更多
文摘There exists a lack of detailed empirical studies to assess the relevance of WebMapping applications. Despite this fact, it is quite common to note that importance and influence of WebMapping applications have increased over the last years. This paper presents the result of an empirical study to analyze the importance of a Desktop-WebMapping application for a gastronomic web 2.0 portal for the city of Osnabrück. An exploratory focus is to evaluate how often geospatial information (in a broader information context) from this web portal is used and how important the WebMapping applications are for the users of the web portal. Furthermore, it is evaluated which WebMapping functions (e.g. routing, queries, printing) are of relevance to the users and what the order of importance is for the provided functions. To-date, just a few mobile WebMapping applications for handheld devices exist. Consequently, for OsnaGo we developed a mobile WebMapping component that can be used with mobile phones, PDAs and other handheld devices to access the web portal (http://www.osnago-mobil.de). Development and user based evaluation is presented in this paper.
文摘This position paper is the outcome of a brainstorming workshop organised by the International Society for Digital Earth(ISDE)in Beijing in March 2011.It argues that the vision of Digital Earth(DE)put forward by Vice-President Al Gore 13 years ago needs to be re-evaluated in the light of the many developments in the fields of information technology,data infrastructures and earth observation that have taken place since.The paper identifies the main policy,scientific and societal drivers for the development of DE and illustrates the multi-faceted nature of a new vision of DE grounding it with a few examples of potential applications.Because no single organisation can on its own develop all the aspects of DE,it is essential to develop a series of collaborations at the global level to turn the vision outlined in this paper into reality.
文摘The Digital Earth(DE)movement is gaining momentum.Much of it is unstructured.This paper examines a number of recent developments including those in health sensors(Wearable Absence,Q-Sensor,and Guardian Angels)and systems frameworks(Gelernter’s Mirror Worlds,Virtual Australia,and New Zealand).Consideration is given to the implications of DE for citizens and on citizen science,including those of ethics.A suite of principles to guide the development of DE is proposed.
文摘Facility management departments’responsibilities include monitoring and maintenance of building infrastructure,such as water,gas or electricity.Very often these tasks are completed using paper maps,which make integrated analysis of networks challenging.Ability to consider interior network structure and provide semantic and connectivity information supporting the required analysis operations are thus crucial.This paper presents an approach relying on Building Information Model(BIM)as a data source for obtaining information about interior utilities.The semantic and connectivity information of BIM is mapped onto a new model called Network for Interior Building Utilities(NIBU).NIBU is based on the semantic categorisation of utilities,and the spatial functions that have to be performed.Three scenarios(‘maintenance operation’,‘emergency response’and‘inspection operation’)are developed to test the proposed approach.The model and its functions are implemented in spatial DBMS.The model is populated directly from a BIM server applying an Industrial Foundation Class(IFC)parser developed in-house.Five analysis functions are implemented to support spatial operations:trace upstream,trace downstream,find ancestors,find source and find disconnected.The investigation proves that BIM provides both the required semantics and attributes,and connectivity information that can facilitate analysis of interior utility networks.NIBU provides a simple yet flexible way to manage interior network information,which can be integrated into Digital Earth.
基金the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) under the Program:Research Grants for Doctoral Candidates and Young Academics and Scientists
文摘This paper describes a framework for modeling interdependencies between different network systems and building structures.It provides an approach for the integrated analysis of interior building utilities by describing a framework to model and simulate infrastructure interdependencies and their complex behaviors.It is a graph-based spatial model that can support use cases such as providing the location and specifications of interior utilities to a technician who wants to perform a maintenance operation.This location could be needed for maintenance or replacement,or to investigate the result of damage to the building structure on another utility network,or to estimate the effect of different maintenance operations in different locations along utilities service systems.The model accounts for two important aspects:first,the relationship between interior utilities and building elements or spaces and second,the building hierarchy structure to which the utilities network is related.A proper hierarchy of the building is developed which supports the generation of human-oriented descriptions of interior utilities,where a method for partitions of large building element and spaces as well as a method to reference a network element to another building are developed.The connection of the different utilities network systems and buildings are generated using joints,which are based on a containment relation.An example is presented which shows the effectiveness of this approach for supporting maintenance operations,as well as the independences between the maintenance operation location and the other network systems.The paper presents the data model and explains the links with current 3D building model standards.
文摘Remote-sensing data play an important role in extracting information with the help of various sensors having different spectral,spatial and temporal resolutions.Therefore,data fusion,which merges images of different spatial and spectral resolutions,plays an important role in information extraction.This research investigates quality-assessment methods of multisensor(synthetic aperture radar[SAR]and optical)data fusion.In the analysis,three SAR data-sets from different sensors(RADARSAT-1,ALOS-PALSAR and ENVISAT-ASAR)and optical data from SPOT-2 were used.Although the PALSAR and the RADARSAT-1 images have the same resolutions and polarisations,images are gathered in different frequencies(L and C bands,respectively).The ASAR sensor also has C-band radar,but with lower(25 m)resolution.Since the frequency is a key factor for penetration depth,it is thought that the use of different SAR data might give interesting results as an output.This study describes a comparative study of multisensor fusion methods,namely the intensity-hue-saturation,Ehlers,and Brovey techniques,by using different statistical analysis techniques,namely the bias of mean,correlation coefficient,standard deviation difference and universal image quality index methods.The results reveal that Ehlers’method is superior to the others in terms of spectral and statistical fidelity.
