Taking the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation shale in Mahu Sag of Junggar Basin,NW China,as an example,core observation,test analysis,geological analysis and numerical simulation were applied to identify the shale oil...Taking the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation shale in Mahu Sag of Junggar Basin,NW China,as an example,core observation,test analysis,geological analysis and numerical simulation were applied to identify the shale oil micro-migration phenomenon.The hydrocarbon micro-migration in shale oil was quantitatively evaluated and verified by a self-created hydrocarbon expulsion potential method,and the petroleum geological significance of shale oil micro-migration evaluation was determined.Results show that significant micro-migration can be recognized between the organic-rich lamina and organic-poor lamina.The organic-rich lamina has strong hydrocarbon generation ability.The heavy components of hydrocarbon preferentially retained by kerogen swelling or adsorption,while the light components of hydrocarbon were migrated and accumulated to the interbedded felsic or carbonate organic-poor laminae as free oil.About 69% of the Fengcheng Formation shale samples in Well MY1 exhibit hydrocarbon charging phenomenon,while 31% of those exhibit hydrocarbon expulsion phenomenon.The reliability of the micro-migration evaluation results was verified by combining the group components based on the geochromatography effect,two-dimension nuclear magnetic resonance analysis,and the geochemical behavior of inorganic manganese elements in the process of hydrocarbon migration.Micro-migration is a bridge connecting the hydrocarbon accumulation elements in shale formations,which reflects the whole process of shale oil generation,expulsion and accumulation,and controls the content and composition of shale oil.The identification and evaluation of shale oil micro-migration will provide new perspectives for dynamically differential enrichment mechanism of shale oil and establishing a“multi-peak model in oil generation”of shale.展开更多
目的:总结外侧半月板前角-前体部损伤的临床分型及相应手术策略并评估治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析2020年1月至2020年12月收治的87例外侧半月板前角-前体部损伤患者病例资料,总结撕裂类型和手术策略,根据术前和末次随访的国际膝关节评分...目的:总结外侧半月板前角-前体部损伤的临床分型及相应手术策略并评估治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析2020年1月至2020年12月收治的87例外侧半月板前角-前体部损伤患者病例资料,总结撕裂类型和手术策略,根据术前和末次随访的国际膝关节评分委员会(IKDC)评分和Lysholm膝关节评分评估治疗效果。结果:前角-前体部损伤占所有外侧半月板损伤的10.8%。依据撕裂类型将外侧半月板前角-前体部损伤分为5型,其中Ⅰ型为复合撕裂,表现为水平撕裂合并某一层垂直撕裂,并根据垂直撕裂的部位分为Ⅰa、Ⅰb、Ⅰc三种亚型;Ⅱ型为水平撕裂;Ⅲ型为垂直撕裂,并根据移位情况和形态分为Ⅲa、Ⅲb、Ⅲc三种亚型;Ⅳ型为松散型,发生在前角;Ⅴ型为缺失型,半月板前角-前体部消磨殆尽。对于常规手术入路无法处理的Ⅰb型和Ⅱ型损伤,附加外下入路进行操作并视情况进行Outside-in缝合。87例患者均获得随访,平均随访25.1±5.7月(19~31月)。末次随访时IKDC评分和Lysholm评分均显著高于术前(分别为64.5±7.4 vs 84.3±6.9和73.3±5.1 vs 90.1±5.0,均P<0.05)。结论:基于不同分型采取相应手术策略是治疗外侧半月板前角-前体部损伤的有效方法。展开更多
目的:探究多间室和内侧单间室严重骨关节炎(OA)患者内侧半月板突出(MME)及内侧半月板后根撕裂(MMPRT)的特点。方法:回顾性分析2020年6月至2021年11月我科收治的117例终末期OA患者的基线资料、X线和磁共振(MRI)图像,其中多间室严重OA患...目的:探究多间室和内侧单间室严重骨关节炎(OA)患者内侧半月板突出(MME)及内侧半月板后根撕裂(MMPRT)的特点。方法:回顾性分析2020年6月至2021年11月我科收治的117例终末期OA患者的基线资料、X线和磁共振(MRI)图像,其中多间室严重OA患者60例67膝(M-OA组),均行全膝关节置换;内侧单间室严重OA患者57例68膝(mU-OA组),均行内侧单髁置换。在MRI上测量患膝MME程度,判定是否存在MMPRT,并在X线片上测量髋膝踝角(HKA)、胫骨近端内侧角(MPTA)、机械轴股骨远端外侧角(mLDFA)、胫股关节线夹角(JLCA),在MRI上测量内侧胫骨平台后倾角(mPTS)。对基线资料、病理性MME和MMPRT发生率、MME程度、HKA、MPTA、mLDFA、JLCA和m PTS进行统计学分析。结果:两组患者年龄、体质指数(BMI)和患膝侧别等无显著性差异(P>0.05),M-OA组患者女性比例高于mU-OA组(78.33%vs 56.14%,P<0.05)。M-OA组病理性MME发生率高于m U-OA组(79.1%vs52.94%,P<0.01),且MME程度显著大于mU-OA组(4.72±1.88 mm vs 3.24±1.25 mm,P<0.01)。MOA组HKA和JLCA显著大于mU-OA组(分别为10.7°±4.5°vs 7.5°±2.3°,P<0.01;-4.3°±1.8°vs-2.1°±0.9°,P<0.05)。两组间MMPRT发生率、MPTA、mLDFA和m PTS无差异(P>0.05)。结论:多间室严重骨关节炎患者的内侧半月板突出程度和病理性内侧半月板突出发生率较高,女性比例高、髋膝踝角和胫股关节线夹角的角度大可能是其原因。展开更多
The geologic conditions of superimposed basins in China are very complicated. This is mainly shown by multi-phase structural evolution, multiple sets of source-reservoir-cap rock combinations, multiple stages of hydro...The geologic conditions of superimposed basins in China are very complicated. This is mainly shown by multi-phase structural evolution, multiple sets of source-reservoir-cap rock combinations, multiple stages of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion from source rocks, multi-cycle hydrocarbon enrichment and accumulation, and multi-phase reservoir adjustment and reconstruction. The enrichment, accumulation and distribution of hydrocarbon is mainly controlled by the source rock kitchen, paleo- anticline, regional cap rock and intensity of tectonic movement. In this paper, the T-BCMS model has been developed to predict favorable areas of hydrocarbon accumulation in complicated superimposed basins according to time and spatial relationships among five key factors. The five factors include unconformity surface representing tectonic balancing （B）, regional cap rock representing hydrocarbon protection （C）, paleo-anticline representing hydrocarbon migration and accumulation （M）, source rock kitchen representing hydrocarbon generation and expulsion （S） and geological time （T）. There are three necessary conditions to form favorable areas of hydrocarbon accumulation. First, four key factors BCMS should be strictly in the order of BCMS from top to bottom. Second, superimposition of four key factors BCMS in the same area is the most favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation. Third, vertically ordered combination and superimposition in the same area of BCMS should occur at the same geological time. The model has been used to predict the most favorable exploration areas in Ordovician in the Tarim Basin in the main hydrocarbon accumulation periods. The result shows that 95% of the discovered Ordovician hydrocarbon reservoirs are located in the predicted areas, which indicates the feasibility and reliability of the key factor matching T-BCMS model for hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment.展开更多
Superimposed basins in West China have experienced multi-stage tectonic events and multicycle hydrocarbon reservoir formation, and complex hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered widely in basins of this kind. Mos...Superimposed basins in West China have experienced multi-stage tectonic events and multicycle hydrocarbon reservoir formation, and complex hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered widely in basins of this kind. Most of the complex hydrocarbon reservoirs are characterized by relocation, scale re-construction, component variation and phase state transformation, and their distributions are very difficult to predict. Research shows that regional caprock （C）, high-quality sedimentary facies （Deposits, D）, paleohighs （Mountain, M） and source rock （S） are four geologic elements contributing to complex hydrocarbon reservoir formation and distribution of western superimposed basins. Longitudinal sequential combinations of the four elements control the strata of hydrocarbon reservoir formation, and planar superimpositions and combinations control the range of hydrocarbon reservoir and their simultaneous joint effects in geohistory determine the time of hydrocarbon reservoir formation. Multiple-element matching reservoir formation presents a basic mode of reservoir formation in superimposed basins, and we recommend it is expressed as T-CDMS. Based on the multiple-element matching reservoir formation mode, a comprehensive reservoir formation index （Tcdms） is developed in this paper to characterize reservoir formation conditions, and a method is presented to predict reservoir formation range and probability of occurrence in superimposed basins. Through application of new theory, methods and technology, the favorable reservoir formation range and probability of occurrence in the Ordovician target zone in Tarim Basin in four different reservoir formation periods are predicted. Results show that central Tarim, Yinmaili and Lunnan are the three most favorable regions where Ordovician oil and gas fields may have formed. The coincidence of prediction results with currently discovered hydrocarbon reservoirs reaches 97 %. This reflects the effectiveness and reliability of the new theory, methods and technology.展开更多
The multi-factor recombination and processes superimposition model for hydrocarbon accumulation is put forward in view of the hydrocarbon geological characteristics of multiple episodes of structural evolution, multip...The multi-factor recombination and processes superimposition model for hydrocarbon accumulation is put forward in view of the hydrocarbon geological characteristics of multiple episodes of structural evolution, multiple sets of source-reservoir-seal assemblage, multiple cycles of hydrocarbon accumulation and multiple episodes of readjustment and reconstruction in the complex superimposed basins in China. It is a system including theories and methods that can help to predict favorable exploration regions. According to this model, the basic discipline for hydrocarbon generation, evolution and distribution in the superimposed basins can be summarized in multi-factor recombination, processes superimposition, multiple stages of oil filling and latest stage preservation. With the Silurian of the Tarim basin as an example, based on the reconstruction of the evolution history of the four factors （paleo-anticline, source rock, regional cap rock and kinematic equilibrium belt） controlling hydrocarbon accumulation, this model was adopted to predict favorable hydrocarbon accumulation areas and favorable exploration regions following structural destruction in three stages of oil filling, to provide guidance for further exploration ofoil and gas in the Silurian of the Tarim basin.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(42202133,42072174,42130803,41872148)PetroChina Science and Technology Innovation Fund(2023DQ02-0106)PetroChina Basic Technology Project(2021DJ0101).
文摘Taking the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation shale in Mahu Sag of Junggar Basin,NW China,as an example,core observation,test analysis,geological analysis and numerical simulation were applied to identify the shale oil micro-migration phenomenon.The hydrocarbon micro-migration in shale oil was quantitatively evaluated and verified by a self-created hydrocarbon expulsion potential method,and the petroleum geological significance of shale oil micro-migration evaluation was determined.Results show that significant micro-migration can be recognized between the organic-rich lamina and organic-poor lamina.The organic-rich lamina has strong hydrocarbon generation ability.The heavy components of hydrocarbon preferentially retained by kerogen swelling or adsorption,while the light components of hydrocarbon were migrated and accumulated to the interbedded felsic or carbonate organic-poor laminae as free oil.About 69% of the Fengcheng Formation shale samples in Well MY1 exhibit hydrocarbon charging phenomenon,while 31% of those exhibit hydrocarbon expulsion phenomenon.The reliability of the micro-migration evaluation results was verified by combining the group components based on the geochromatography effect,two-dimension nuclear magnetic resonance analysis,and the geochemical behavior of inorganic manganese elements in the process of hydrocarbon migration.Micro-migration is a bridge connecting the hydrocarbon accumulation elements in shale formations,which reflects the whole process of shale oil generation,expulsion and accumulation,and controls the content and composition of shale oil.The identification and evaluation of shale oil micro-migration will provide new perspectives for dynamically differential enrichment mechanism of shale oil and establishing a“multi-peak model in oil generation”of shale.
文摘目的:总结外侧半月板前角-前体部损伤的临床分型及相应手术策略并评估治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析2020年1月至2020年12月收治的87例外侧半月板前角-前体部损伤患者病例资料,总结撕裂类型和手术策略,根据术前和末次随访的国际膝关节评分委员会(IKDC)评分和Lysholm膝关节评分评估治疗效果。结果:前角-前体部损伤占所有外侧半月板损伤的10.8%。依据撕裂类型将外侧半月板前角-前体部损伤分为5型,其中Ⅰ型为复合撕裂,表现为水平撕裂合并某一层垂直撕裂,并根据垂直撕裂的部位分为Ⅰa、Ⅰb、Ⅰc三种亚型;Ⅱ型为水平撕裂;Ⅲ型为垂直撕裂,并根据移位情况和形态分为Ⅲa、Ⅲb、Ⅲc三种亚型;Ⅳ型为松散型,发生在前角;Ⅴ型为缺失型,半月板前角-前体部消磨殆尽。对于常规手术入路无法处理的Ⅰb型和Ⅱ型损伤,附加外下入路进行操作并视情况进行Outside-in缝合。87例患者均获得随访,平均随访25.1±5.7月(19~31月)。末次随访时IKDC评分和Lysholm评分均显著高于术前(分别为64.5±7.4 vs 84.3±6.9和73.3±5.1 vs 90.1±5.0,均P<0.05)。结论:基于不同分型采取相应手术策略是治疗外侧半月板前角-前体部损伤的有效方法。
文摘目的:探究多间室和内侧单间室严重骨关节炎(OA)患者内侧半月板突出(MME)及内侧半月板后根撕裂(MMPRT)的特点。方法:回顾性分析2020年6月至2021年11月我科收治的117例终末期OA患者的基线资料、X线和磁共振(MRI)图像,其中多间室严重OA患者60例67膝(M-OA组),均行全膝关节置换;内侧单间室严重OA患者57例68膝(mU-OA组),均行内侧单髁置换。在MRI上测量患膝MME程度,判定是否存在MMPRT,并在X线片上测量髋膝踝角(HKA)、胫骨近端内侧角(MPTA)、机械轴股骨远端外侧角(mLDFA)、胫股关节线夹角(JLCA),在MRI上测量内侧胫骨平台后倾角(mPTS)。对基线资料、病理性MME和MMPRT发生率、MME程度、HKA、MPTA、mLDFA、JLCA和m PTS进行统计学分析。结果:两组患者年龄、体质指数(BMI)和患膝侧别等无显著性差异(P>0.05),M-OA组患者女性比例高于mU-OA组(78.33%vs 56.14%,P<0.05)。M-OA组病理性MME发生率高于m U-OA组(79.1%vs52.94%,P<0.01),且MME程度显著大于mU-OA组(4.72±1.88 mm vs 3.24±1.25 mm,P<0.01)。MOA组HKA和JLCA显著大于mU-OA组(分别为10.7°±4.5°vs 7.5°±2.3°,P<0.01;-4.3°±1.8°vs-2.1°±0.9°,P<0.05)。两组间MMPRT发生率、MPTA、mLDFA和m PTS无差异(P>0.05)。结论:多间室严重骨关节炎患者的内侧半月板突出程度和病理性内侧半月板突出发生率较高,女性比例高、髋膝踝角和胫股关节线夹角的角度大可能是其原因。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (2006CB202308)
文摘The geologic conditions of superimposed basins in China are very complicated. This is mainly shown by multi-phase structural evolution, multiple sets of source-reservoir-cap rock combinations, multiple stages of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion from source rocks, multi-cycle hydrocarbon enrichment and accumulation, and multi-phase reservoir adjustment and reconstruction. The enrichment, accumulation and distribution of hydrocarbon is mainly controlled by the source rock kitchen, paleo- anticline, regional cap rock and intensity of tectonic movement. In this paper, the T-BCMS model has been developed to predict favorable areas of hydrocarbon accumulation in complicated superimposed basins according to time and spatial relationships among five key factors. The five factors include unconformity surface representing tectonic balancing （B）, regional cap rock representing hydrocarbon protection （C）, paleo-anticline representing hydrocarbon migration and accumulation （M）, source rock kitchen representing hydrocarbon generation and expulsion （S） and geological time （T）. There are three necessary conditions to form favorable areas of hydrocarbon accumulation. First, four key factors BCMS should be strictly in the order of BCMS from top to bottom. Second, superimposition of four key factors BCMS in the same area is the most favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation. Third, vertically ordered combination and superimposition in the same area of BCMS should occur at the same geological time. The model has been used to predict the most favorable exploration areas in Ordovician in the Tarim Basin in the main hydrocarbon accumulation periods. The result shows that 95% of the discovered Ordovician hydrocarbon reservoirs are located in the predicted areas, which indicates the feasibility and reliability of the key factor matching T-BCMS model for hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment.
基金the State Key Basic Research Plan 973 Project(2006CB202308)
文摘Superimposed basins in West China have experienced multi-stage tectonic events and multicycle hydrocarbon reservoir formation, and complex hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered widely in basins of this kind. Most of the complex hydrocarbon reservoirs are characterized by relocation, scale re-construction, component variation and phase state transformation, and their distributions are very difficult to predict. Research shows that regional caprock （C）, high-quality sedimentary facies （Deposits, D）, paleohighs （Mountain, M） and source rock （S） are four geologic elements contributing to complex hydrocarbon reservoir formation and distribution of western superimposed basins. Longitudinal sequential combinations of the four elements control the strata of hydrocarbon reservoir formation, and planar superimpositions and combinations control the range of hydrocarbon reservoir and their simultaneous joint effects in geohistory determine the time of hydrocarbon reservoir formation. Multiple-element matching reservoir formation presents a basic mode of reservoir formation in superimposed basins, and we recommend it is expressed as T-CDMS. Based on the multiple-element matching reservoir formation mode, a comprehensive reservoir formation index （Tcdms） is developed in this paper to characterize reservoir formation conditions, and a method is presented to predict reservoir formation range and probability of occurrence in superimposed basins. Through application of new theory, methods and technology, the favorable reservoir formation range and probability of occurrence in the Ordovician target zone in Tarim Basin in four different reservoir formation periods are predicted. Results show that central Tarim, Yinmaili and Lunnan are the three most favorable regions where Ordovician oil and gas fields may have formed. The coincidence of prediction results with currently discovered hydrocarbon reservoirs reaches 97 %. This reflects the effectiveness and reliability of the new theory, methods and technology.
文摘The multi-factor recombination and processes superimposition model for hydrocarbon accumulation is put forward in view of the hydrocarbon geological characteristics of multiple episodes of structural evolution, multiple sets of source-reservoir-seal assemblage, multiple cycles of hydrocarbon accumulation and multiple episodes of readjustment and reconstruction in the complex superimposed basins in China. It is a system including theories and methods that can help to predict favorable exploration regions. According to this model, the basic discipline for hydrocarbon generation, evolution and distribution in the superimposed basins can be summarized in multi-factor recombination, processes superimposition, multiple stages of oil filling and latest stage preservation. With the Silurian of the Tarim basin as an example, based on the reconstruction of the evolution history of the four factors （paleo-anticline, source rock, regional cap rock and kinematic equilibrium belt） controlling hydrocarbon accumulation, this model was adopted to predict favorable hydrocarbon accumulation areas and favorable exploration regions following structural destruction in three stages of oil filling, to provide guidance for further exploration ofoil and gas in the Silurian of the Tarim basin.
