Spermatogonial stem cells （SSCs） are a type of adult stem cell found in male mammals.These cells have the capacity for self renewal and are capable of differentiating in the niche of testis.They are also the only ad...Spermatogonial stem cells （SSCs） are a type of adult stem cell found in male mammals.These cells have the capacity for self renewal and are capable of differentiating in the niche of testis.They are also the only adult stem cells in a normal postnatal body that undergo self-renewal throughout life,transferring genetic information to the offspring.Since a technique for transplanting SSCs was first described by Brinster and his colleagues in 1994,more and more researchers have become interested in exploring the possibility of utilizing adult SSCs to generate transgenic animals.In this mini-review,we attempt to summarize the current research progress in the area of spermatogonial stem cells including the source,types and differentiation of the SSCs,and the application on transgenic animals,with a particular focus on the strategy of SSCs delivery including seminiferous tubule injection and spermatogonial stem cell transplantation.展开更多
MicroRNAs （miRNAs）are small endogenous non-protein coding RNAs that range in size from 19-25 nucleotides. Thousands of miRNA genes have been identified in a variety of organisms, suggesting genetic exchange and dist...MicroRNAs （miRNAs）are small endogenous non-protein coding RNAs that range in size from 19-25 nucleotides. Thousands of miRNA genes have been identified in a variety of organisms, suggesting genetic exchange and distribution among species, miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression by binding to the 3＂-untranslated regions （3＂-UTRs） of their target genes and play an important role in growth, development and the occurrence of diseases. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the understanding of the role of miRNAs in exosomes and their therapeutic potential, as well as provide an overview of the basic characteristics of miRNAs.展开更多
The isotopic effect on nuclear dynamics in Coulomb explosion for various initial vibrational states of H_(2)^(+) and HD+in intense laser(80 fs,800 nm,I=6.8×10^(13)W/cm^(2)) is theoretically investigated by numeri...The isotopic effect on nuclear dynamics in Coulomb explosion for various initial vibrational states of H_(2)^(+) and HD+in intense laser(80 fs,800 nm,I=6.8×10^(13)W/cm^(2)) is theoretically investigated by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation.The calculated results confirm that the effect we discussed by paying close attention to the comparative analysis of peak locations in the nuclear kinetic-energy-release spectra largely depends on the selection of the initial vibrational states.Furthermore,it is the special isotope effect case about the vibrational state v=5 that has been studied in depth.We also discuss the time-dependent spectrum atυ=7,which can reveal the difference in nuclear wavepacket motion between H_(2)^(+) and HD+in the time region in which charge-resonance enhanced ionization takes place.展开更多
By numerically solving the non-Born–Oppenheimer time-dependent Schr?dinger equation in a few-cycle chirped laser field(5-fs,800-nm),the effect of the permanent dipole moment on the Coulomb explosion is studied by the...By numerically solving the non-Born–Oppenheimer time-dependent Schr?dinger equation in a few-cycle chirped laser field(5-fs,800-nm),the effect of the permanent dipole moment on the Coulomb explosion is studied by the kinetic-energy-release spectra with the"virtual detector"method.The results indicate that with the effect of the permanent dipole moment,different multiphoton processes for heteronuclear and homonuclear diatomic molecular ions may take place when the wave packets transit from the ground state(1sσg)to the first excited state(2pσu),and then move along the excited potential curve,and finally charge-resonant enhanced ionization occurs at critical internuclear distance.As a result,despite the similar ionization probabilities for these two systems at higher vibrational level with larger chirp parameterβ,the structure of the Coulomb explosion spectrum for the former is prominently different from that for the latter.展开更多
Ionization channels of the molecular ion H^(+)_(2) for various initial vibrational states in intense laser field(80 fs,800 nm,I=6.8×10^(13) W/cm^(2))are theoretically investigated by numerically solving the time-...Ionization channels of the molecular ion H^(+)_(2) for various initial vibrational states in intense laser field(80 fs,800 nm,I=6.8×10^(13) W/cm^(2))are theoretically investigated by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation.The results confirm that the channels largely depend on the selection of initial vibrational states by analyzing the variations of peak locations in the nuclear initial kinetic-energy-release spectra.Furthermore,the selection of the ionization channels is sensitive to the wavelength of the laser pulse.In addition,time-dependent competition between direct multi-photon ionization and charge-resonance-enhanced ionization are is discussed.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the Major Science and Technology Project of New Variety Breeding of Genetically Modified Organisms,China(2009ZX08008-004B)the National High-Tech R&D Program of China (863 Program,2008AA10Z140)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30571339)
文摘Spermatogonial stem cells （SSCs） are a type of adult stem cell found in male mammals.These cells have the capacity for self renewal and are capable of differentiating in the niche of testis.They are also the only adult stem cells in a normal postnatal body that undergo self-renewal throughout life,transferring genetic information to the offspring.Since a technique for transplanting SSCs was first described by Brinster and his colleagues in 1994,more and more researchers have become interested in exploring the possibility of utilizing adult SSCs to generate transgenic animals.In this mini-review,we attempt to summarize the current research progress in the area of spermatogonial stem cells including the source,types and differentiation of the SSCs,and the application on transgenic animals,with a particular focus on the strategy of SSCs delivery including seminiferous tubule injection and spermatogonial stem cell transplantation.
基金supported by a grant from the Major Science and Technology Project of New Variety Breeding of Genetically Modified Organisms(2009ZX08008-004 and 2008ZX08008-003)the National High Technology Research Development Program of China(863 Program,2008AA10Z140)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30571339)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(ASTIP-IAS05)the Innovation Research Foundation of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2004-CAAS-1)the Basic Research Fund for Central Public Research Institutes of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Y2016JC22,2013ywf-zd-2)
文摘MicroRNAs （miRNAs）are small endogenous non-protein coding RNAs that range in size from 19-25 nucleotides. Thousands of miRNA genes have been identified in a variety of organisms, suggesting genetic exchange and distribution among species, miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression by binding to the 3＂-untranslated regions （3＂-UTRs） of their target genes and play an important role in growth, development and the occurrence of diseases. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the understanding of the role of miRNAs in exosomes and their therapeutic potential, as well as provide an overview of the basic characteristics of miRNAs.
基金Supported by the Special Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No 11047191)Key Project of the Ministry of Education of China(No 211025)+1 种基金Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No 20111404120004)the Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province(No 2009021005).
文摘The isotopic effect on nuclear dynamics in Coulomb explosion for various initial vibrational states of H_(2)^(+) and HD+in intense laser(80 fs,800 nm,I=6.8×10^(13)W/cm^(2)) is theoretically investigated by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation.The calculated results confirm that the effect we discussed by paying close attention to the comparative analysis of peak locations in the nuclear kinetic-energy-release spectra largely depends on the selection of the initial vibrational states.Furthermore,it is the special isotope effect case about the vibrational state v=5 that has been studied in depth.We also discuss the time-dependent spectrum atυ=7,which can reveal the difference in nuclear wavepacket motion between H_(2)^(+) and HD+in the time region in which charge-resonance enhanced ionization takes place.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11047191the Key Project of the Ministry of Education of China under Grant No 211025+1 种基金the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant No 20111404120004the Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province under Grant No 2009021005.
文摘By numerically solving the non-Born–Oppenheimer time-dependent Schr?dinger equation in a few-cycle chirped laser field(5-fs,800-nm),the effect of the permanent dipole moment on the Coulomb explosion is studied by the kinetic-energy-release spectra with the"virtual detector"method.The results indicate that with the effect of the permanent dipole moment,different multiphoton processes for heteronuclear and homonuclear diatomic molecular ions may take place when the wave packets transit from the ground state(1sσg)to the first excited state(2pσu),and then move along the excited potential curve,and finally charge-resonant enhanced ionization occurs at critical internuclear distance.As a result,despite the similar ionization probabilities for these two systems at higher vibrational level with larger chirp parameterβ,the structure of the Coulomb explosion spectrum for the former is prominently different from that for the latter.
基金Supported by the Special Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11047191the Key Project of the Ministry of Education of China under Grant No 211025+1 种基金the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No 20111404120004)the Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province(No 2009021005).
文摘Ionization channels of the molecular ion H^(+)_(2) for various initial vibrational states in intense laser field(80 fs,800 nm,I=6.8×10^(13) W/cm^(2))are theoretically investigated by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation.The results confirm that the channels largely depend on the selection of initial vibrational states by analyzing the variations of peak locations in the nuclear initial kinetic-energy-release spectra.Furthermore,the selection of the ionization channels is sensitive to the wavelength of the laser pulse.In addition,time-dependent competition between direct multi-photon ionization and charge-resonance-enhanced ionization are is discussed.
