Recent developments in ultrafast laser technology have resulted in novel few-cycle sources in the mid-infrared.Accurately characterizing the time-dependent intensities and electric field waveforms of such laser pulses...Recent developments in ultrafast laser technology have resulted in novel few-cycle sources in the mid-infrared.Accurately characterizing the time-dependent intensities and electric field waveforms of such laser pulses is essential to their applications in strong-field physics and attosecond pulse generation,but this remains a challenge.Recently,it was shown that tunnel ionization can provide an ultrafast temporal“gate”for characterizing highenergy few-cycle laser waveforms capable of ionizing air.Here,we show that tunneling and multiphoton excitation in a dielectric solid can provide a means to measure lower-energy and longer-wavelength pulses,and we apply the technique to characterize microjoule-level near-and mid-infrared pulses.The method lends itself to both all-optical and on-chip detection of laser waveforms,as well as single-shot detection geometries.展开更多
基金U.S.Department of Energy(DE-SC0019291)National Science Foundation(1809181)Air Force Office of Scientific Research(FA9550-16-1-0149,FA9550-20-1-0284).
文摘Recent developments in ultrafast laser technology have resulted in novel few-cycle sources in the mid-infrared.Accurately characterizing the time-dependent intensities and electric field waveforms of such laser pulses is essential to their applications in strong-field physics and attosecond pulse generation,but this remains a challenge.Recently,it was shown that tunnel ionization can provide an ultrafast temporal“gate”for characterizing highenergy few-cycle laser waveforms capable of ionizing air.Here,we show that tunneling and multiphoton excitation in a dielectric solid can provide a means to measure lower-energy and longer-wavelength pulses,and we apply the technique to characterize microjoule-level near-and mid-infrared pulses.The method lends itself to both all-optical and on-chip detection of laser waveforms,as well as single-shot detection geometries.
