A new biofilter technology was used to control the methane concentration in thecoal mine.The results indicate that the biofilter achieves a steady methane removal capacityof 1 470 mg/(L·h) after 30 days start-up....A new biofilter technology was used to control the methane concentration in thecoal mine.The results indicate that the biofilter achieves a steady methane removal capacityof 1 470 mg/(L·h) after 30 days start-up.More than 90% of the methane can be removedwith an empty bed retention time (EBRT) of 5.6 min when the inlet concentration ofmethane (IMC) is lower than 70 mg/L (10%, V/V) and about 80% when IMC is at 105 mg/L(15%, V/V).The biofilter is still a reliable method to control methane concentration as anauxiliary means to boost coal mine production safety together with aggrandized ventilationand drainage technologies, even though the removal efficiency of methane is not verysatisfactory with a high IMC (>10%) or a short EBRT (<3.8 min).展开更多
An aerobic bacterium, capable of degrading the new chloronicotine pesticide acetamiprid, was isolated from the sludge of pesticide factory after successive enrichment cultures and named strain FH2 which is a Gram-nega...An aerobic bacterium, capable of degrading the new chloronicotine pesticide acetamiprid, was isolated from the sludge of pesticide factory after successive enrichment cultures and named strain FH2 which is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, obligate aerobic organism with （（0.5-0.7）×（l.5-3.0））μm of cell size and with monotrichous flagellum. It was identified as a member of Pseudomonas sp. based on morphology, physio-biochemical properties, Biolog GN2, 16S rDNA sequence and phylogenetic characteristic analysis. The isolate could grow optimally at pH 7.0 and 30℃ in acetamiprid-mineral medium with 800 mg/L concentration. About 53.3% acetamiprid was degraded by strain FH2 after incubation for 14 d in acetamiprid-mineral medium and nearly 96.7% degraded when incubated in acetamiprid-yeast mineral medium at 30℃ for 14 d. This paper describes phylogenetic and degradation characterization of a pure bacterium being able to mineralize acetamiprid for the first time.展开更多
The effect of acetanilide herbicide mefenacet on soil microbial communities was studied using paddy soil samples with different short-term treatments. The culturable bacteria （plate counts）, dehydrogenase activity a...The effect of acetanilide herbicide mefenacet on soil microbial communities was studied using paddy soil samples with different short-term treatments. The culturable bacteria （plate counts）, dehydrogenase activity and changes in community structure （denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） analysis） were used for biological community assessments. Mefenacet was a significant stimulus to cultural aerobic bacteria and dehydrogenase activity while Sphingobacterium multivorum Y1, a bacterium efficiently degrading the mefenacet, only induced the increasing colony-forming unit （CFU） of bacteria but little effect on dehydrogenase activity during the whole experiment. The degree of similarity between the 16S rDNA profiles of the communities was quantified by numerically analyzing the DGGE band patterns. Similarity dendrograms showed that the microbial community structures of the mefenacet-treated and non-treated soils were not significantly different. But supplement of S. multivorum Y1 could increase the diversity of the microbial community in the mefenacet-polluted paddy soil. This work is a new attempt to apply the S. multivorum Y1 for remediation of the mefenacet-polluted environments.展开更多
文摘A new biofilter technology was used to control the methane concentration in thecoal mine.The results indicate that the biofilter achieves a steady methane removal capacityof 1 470 mg/(L·h) after 30 days start-up.More than 90% of the methane can be removedwith an empty bed retention time (EBRT) of 5.6 min when the inlet concentration ofmethane (IMC) is lower than 70 mg/L (10%, V/V) and about 80% when IMC is at 105 mg/L(15%, V/V).The biofilter is still a reliable method to control methane concentration as anauxiliary means to boost coal mine production safety together with aggrandized ventilationand drainage technologies, even though the removal efficiency of methane is not verysatisfactory with a high IMC (>10%) or a short EBRT (<3.8 min).
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China（No. 30370048 30570053）
文摘An aerobic bacterium, capable of degrading the new chloronicotine pesticide acetamiprid, was isolated from the sludge of pesticide factory after successive enrichment cultures and named strain FH2 which is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, obligate aerobic organism with （（0.5-0.7）×（l.5-3.0））μm of cell size and with monotrichous flagellum. It was identified as a member of Pseudomonas sp. based on morphology, physio-biochemical properties, Biolog GN2, 16S rDNA sequence and phylogenetic characteristic analysis. The isolate could grow optimally at pH 7.0 and 30℃ in acetamiprid-mineral medium with 800 mg/L concentration. About 53.3% acetamiprid was degraded by strain FH2 after incubation for 14 d in acetamiprid-mineral medium and nearly 96.7% degraded when incubated in acetamiprid-yeast mineral medium at 30℃ for 14 d. This paper describes phylogenetic and degradation characterization of a pure bacterium being able to mineralize acetamiprid for the first time.
文摘The effect of acetanilide herbicide mefenacet on soil microbial communities was studied using paddy soil samples with different short-term treatments. The culturable bacteria （plate counts）, dehydrogenase activity and changes in community structure （denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） analysis） were used for biological community assessments. Mefenacet was a significant stimulus to cultural aerobic bacteria and dehydrogenase activity while Sphingobacterium multivorum Y1, a bacterium efficiently degrading the mefenacet, only induced the increasing colony-forming unit （CFU） of bacteria but little effect on dehydrogenase activity during the whole experiment. The degree of similarity between the 16S rDNA profiles of the communities was quantified by numerically analyzing the DGGE band patterns. Similarity dendrograms showed that the microbial community structures of the mefenacet-treated and non-treated soils were not significantly different. But supplement of S. multivorum Y1 could increase the diversity of the microbial community in the mefenacet-polluted paddy soil. This work is a new attempt to apply the S. multivorum Y1 for remediation of the mefenacet-polluted environments.
