Background Brown adipose tissue(BAT)is known to be capable of non-shivering thermogenesis under cold stimulation,which is related to the mortality of animals.In the previous study,we observed that goat BAT is mainly l...Background Brown adipose tissue(BAT)is known to be capable of non-shivering thermogenesis under cold stimulation,which is related to the mortality of animals.In the previous study,we observed that goat BAT is mainly located around the kidney at birth,and changes to white adipose tissue(WAT)in the perirenal adipose tissue of goats within one month after birth.However,the regulatory factors underlying this change is remain unclear.In this study,we systematically studied the perirenal adipose tissue of goat kids in histological,cytological,and accompanying molecular level changes from 0 to 28 d after birth.Results Our study found a higher mortality rate in winter-born goat kids,with goat birthing data statistics.Then we used thermal imaging revealing high temperature in goat hips at postnatal 0 d and gradually decrease during 28 d.This is consistent with the region of perirenal BAT deposition and highlights its critical role in energy expenditure and body temperature regulation in goat kids.Additionally,we found a series of changes of BAT during the first 28 d after birth,such as whitening,larger lipid droplets,decreased mitochondrial numbers,and down-regulation of key thermogenesis-related genes(UCP1,DIO2,UCP2,CIDEA,PPARGC1a,C/EBPb,and C/EBPa).Then,we used RNA-seq found specific marker genes for goat adipose tissue and identified 12 new marker genes for BAT and 10 new marker genes for WAT of goats.Furthermore,12 candidate genes were found to potentially regulate goat BAT thermogenesis.The mechanism of the change of this biological phenomenon does not involve a large-scale death of brown adipocytes and subsequent proliferation of white adipocytes.While apoptosis may play a limited role,it is largely not critical in this transition process.Conclusions We concluded that perirenal BAT plays a crucial role in thermoregulation in newborn goat kids,with notable species differences in the expression of adipose tissue marker genes,and we highlighted some potential marker genes for goat BAT and WAT.Additionally,the change from BAT to WAT does not involve a large-scale death of brown adipocytes and subsequent proliferation of white adipocytes.展开更多
The neutron-induced total cross sections of natural lead have been measured in a wide energy range(0.3 eV-20 MeV)on the back-streaming white neutron beamline(Back-n)at the China Spallation Neutron Source.Neutron energ...The neutron-induced total cross sections of natural lead have been measured in a wide energy range(0.3 eV-20 MeV)on the back-streaming white neutron beamline(Back-n)at the China Spallation Neutron Source.Neutron energy was determined by the neutron total cross-section spectrometer using the time-of-flight technique.A fast multi-cell fission chamber was used as the neutron detector,and a 10-mm-thick high-purity natural lead sample was employed for the neutron transmission measurements.The on-beam background was determined using Co,In,Ag,and Cd filters.The excitation function of ^(nat)Pb(n,tot)reaction below 20 MeV was calculated using the TALYS-1.96 nuclear-reaction modeling program.The present results were compared with previous results,the evaluated data available in the five major evaluated nuclear data libraries(i.e.,ENDF/B-VIII.0,JEFF-3.3,JENDL-5,CENDL-3.2,and BROND-3.1),and the theoretical calculation curve.Good agreement was found between the new results and those of previous experiments and with the theoretical curves in the corresponding region.This measurement obtained the neutron total cross section of natural lead with good accuracy over a wide energy range and added experimental data in the resonance energy range.This provides more reliable experimental data for nuclear engineering design and nuclear data evaluation of lead.展开更多
A dynamical model is constructed to depict the spatial-temporal evolution of malware in mobile wireless sensor networks(MWSNs). Based on such a model, we design a hybrid control scheme combining parameter perturbation...A dynamical model is constructed to depict the spatial-temporal evolution of malware in mobile wireless sensor networks(MWSNs). Based on such a model, we design a hybrid control scheme combining parameter perturbation and state feedback to effectively manipulate the spatiotemporal dynamics of malware propagation. The hybrid control can not only suppress the Turing instability caused by diffusion factor but can also adjust the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation induced by time delay. Numerical simulation results show that the hybrid control strategy can efficiently manipulate the transmission dynamics to achieve our expected desired properties, thus reducing the harm of malware propagation to MWSNs.展开更多
In traditional Chinese medicine herbs(TCM),including Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae(Danshen),Radix Puerariae Lobatae(Gegen),Radix Angelicae Sinensis(Danggui),and Rhizoma Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong)are widely used for the prev...In traditional Chinese medicine herbs(TCM),including Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae(Danshen),Radix Puerariae Lobatae(Gegen),Radix Angelicae Sinensis(Danggui),and Rhizoma Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong)are widely used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and also often co-administered with Western drugs as a part of integrative medicine practice.Carboxylesterase 1(CES1)plays a pivotal role in the metabolisms of pro-drugs,Since(S)-2-(2-(6-dimethylamino)-benzothiazole)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylate(NLMe)has recently been identified by us as a selective CES1 bioluminescent sensor,we developed a rapid method using this substrate for the direct measurement of CES1 activity in rats.This bioluminescence assay was applied to determine CES1 activity in rat tissues after a two-week oral administration of each of the four herbs noted above.The results demonstrated the presence of CES1 enzyme in rat blood and all tested tissues with much higher enzyme activity in the blood,liver,kidney and heart than that in the small intestine,spleen,lung,pancreas,brain and stomach.In addition,the four herbs showed tissue-specific effects on rat CES1 expression.Based on the CES1 biodistribution and its changes after treatment in rats,the possibility that Danshen,Gegen and Danggui might alter CES1 activities in human blood and kidney should be considered.In summary,a selective and sensitive bioluminescence assay was developed to rapidly evaluate CES1 activity and the effects of orally administered TCMs in rats.展开更多
Objective:To investigate effects of hemoperfusion and hemofiltration combination on treating patients with acute organophosphours pesticide poisoning (AOPP) and influence of it on cholinesterase, dopamine and inflamma...Objective:To investigate effects of hemoperfusion and hemofiltration combination on treating patients with acute organophosphours pesticide poisoning (AOPP) and influence of it on cholinesterase, dopamine and inflammatory factors.Methods:A total of 82 cases of AOPP patients treated in our hospital from Sep 2012 to Jul 2016 were selected as subjects. They were randomly divided to be the observation group and the control group, 41 cases for each. For patients in observation group, combined therapy of hemoperfusion (HP) and hemofiltration (HF) were provided. For patients in control group, combined therapy of HP and hemodialysis (HD) were provided. Effects on the two groups of patients were compared. Meanwhile, cholinesterase, dopamine and inflammatory factors levels in different times before and after treatment were compared.Results:Consciousness improvement times and hospitalization times in observation group were significantly lower than in control group. No significant difference showed on fatality rates between the two groups. Before treatment, no significant difference showed on CHE and DE levels between two groups of patients;6 h and 12 h after treatment, CHE average levels in two groups were significantly higher than before treatment in the same group, and levels in observation group at the same phase were significantly higher than in control group;6 h and 12 h after treatment, DA levels in observation group were significantly lower than the same group before treatment, and significantly lower than control group, while 12 h after treatment, DA levels in control group were significantly lower than the same group before treatment. Before treatment, no significant difference showed on serum TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 between two groups of patients. After treatment, each index levels in two groups were significantly lower than the same group before treatment, and levels in observation group at the same phase were significantly lower than control group. Conclusion:Effects of blood purification therapy on treating AOPP were worth approving, but effects of HP and HF combined therapy were more significant. In addition, improvement of HP+HF on CHE, DA and inflammatory factors were better than HP+HD.展开更多
Primary liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and was the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide in 2020.It includes hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(representing 75%-85%of cases),intrahepatic ...Primary liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and was the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide in 2020.It includes hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(representing 75%-85%of cases),intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(representing 10%-15%of cases),and other rare types.The survival rate of patients with HCC has risen with improved surgical technology and perioperative management in recent years;however,high tumor recurrence rates continue to limit long-term survival,even after radical surgical resection(exceeding 50%recurrence).For resectable recurrent liver cancer,surgical removal[either salvage liver transplantation(SLT)or repeat hepatic resection]remains the most effective therapy that is potentially curative for recurrent HCC.Thus,here,we introduce surgical treatment for recurrent HCC.Areas Covered:A literature search was performed for recurrent HCC using Medline and PubMed up to August 2022.Expert commentary:In general,long-term survival after the reresection of recurrent liver cancer is usually beneficial.SLT has equivalent outcomes to primary liver transplantation for unresectable recurrent illness in a selected group of patients;however,SLT is constrained by the supply of liver grafts.SLT seems to be inferior to repeat liver resection when considering operative and postoperative results but has the major advantage of disease-free survival.When considering the similar overall survival rate and the current situation of donor shortages,repeat liver resection remains an important option for recurrent HCC.展开更多
Background:Liver transplantation(LT)is the best treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the surgical technique needs to be improved.The present study aimed to evaluate the“no-touch”techniqu...Background:Liver transplantation(LT)is the best treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the surgical technique needs to be improved.The present study aimed to evaluate the“no-touch”technique in LT.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2019,we performed a prospective randomized controlled trial on HCC patients who underwent LT.The patients were randomized into two groups:a no-touch technique LT group(NT group,n=38)and a conventional LT technique group(CT group,n=46).Operative outcomes and survival in the two groups were analyzed.Results:The perioperative parameters were comparable between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in disease-free survival(DFS)(P=0.732)or overall survival(OS)(P=0.891).Of 36 patients who were beyond the Hangzhou criteria for LT,the DFS of the patients in the NT group was significantly longer than that in the CT group(median 402 vs.126 days,P=0.025).In 31 patients who had portal vein tumor thrombosis(PVTT),DFS and OS in the NT group were significantly better than those in the CT group(median DFS 420 vs.167 days,P=0.022;2-year OS rate 93.8%vs.66.7%,P=0.043).In 14 patients who had diffuse-type HCCs,DFS and OS were significantly better in the NT group than those in the CT group(median DFS 141 vs.56 days,P=0.008;2-year OS rate 75.0%vs.33.3%,P=0.034).Multivariate analysis showed that for patients with PVTT and diffusetype HCCs,the no-touch technique was an independent favorable factor for OS(PVTT:HR=0.018,95%CI:0.001-0.408,P=0.012;diffuse-type HCCs:HR=0.034,95%CI:0.002-0.634,P=0.024).Conclusions:The no-touch technique improved the survival of patients with advanced HCC compared with the conventional technique.The no-touch technique may provide a new and effective LT technique for advanced HCCs.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of supervised movie appreciation on improving the life meaning sense among college students. The intervention combined by “pre-video, post counseling” was conduct...The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of supervised movie appreciation on improving the life meaning sense among college students. The intervention combined by “pre-video, post counseling” was conducted on the experimental group, while the control group received no intervention. Results have shown that the scores on the subscales of will to meaning, life purpose, life control, suffer acceptance and on the total scale have improved significantly. No gender difference was found on the intervention effect, and participants receiving intervention maintained higher level on related subscales a week later, indicating that supervised movie appreciation is an effective way to improve the life meaning sense among college students.展开更多
The composition and vertical profiles of low molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and the contribution of them to dissolved organic matter (DOM) in sediment porewaters in Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China were inves...The composition and vertical profiles of low molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and the contribution of them to dissolved organic matter (DOM) in sediment porewaters in Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China were investigated. The results showed that total concentration of LMWOAs was up to 94.5 μmol/L and their proportion in DOM was 5.6%, suggesting that LMWOAs were important chemical components in DOM in lake sediment porewaters. Among the seven LMWOAs, pyruvic and acetic acid had the highest concentrations with 26.30 and 8.31 μmol/L, accounting for 51.4% and 14.92% of LMWOAs, respectively. Trifluoroacetic and sorbic acid had the lowest concentrations, indicating that the compositions of LMWOAs in relative reducing environments were largely different from those reported in glacier, atmosphere and soils. The concentrations of lactic, acetic, formic, sorbic and oxalic acid decreased with increasing depth, probably relating to stronger microbial activities in the initial stage of early diagenesis. Trifluoroacetic acid was mainly anthropogenic with its concentration, showing a diusive trend from the surface to bottom sediments. The concentrations of lactic acid and nitrate generally showed a consistent profile. The increasing concentration of pyruvic acid in the vertical profile was just opposite to that of sulfate, revealing a significant negative relationship between them. Oxalic acid remained constant except for an obvious peak at 6 cm depth. The results indicated the diversities in sources and behaviors for various LMWOAs during early diagenesis in sediments.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by The National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFD1300202)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32372834)+2 种基金Chongqing Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(CQMAITS202313)the Collection,Utilization and Innovation of Germplasm Resources by Research Institutes and Enterprises of Chongqing,China(cqnyncw-kqlhtxm)the Chongqing Postgraduate Research Innovation Project(CYB22141).
文摘Background Brown adipose tissue(BAT)is known to be capable of non-shivering thermogenesis under cold stimulation,which is related to the mortality of animals.In the previous study,we observed that goat BAT is mainly located around the kidney at birth,and changes to white adipose tissue(WAT)in the perirenal adipose tissue of goats within one month after birth.However,the regulatory factors underlying this change is remain unclear.In this study,we systematically studied the perirenal adipose tissue of goat kids in histological,cytological,and accompanying molecular level changes from 0 to 28 d after birth.Results Our study found a higher mortality rate in winter-born goat kids,with goat birthing data statistics.Then we used thermal imaging revealing high temperature in goat hips at postnatal 0 d and gradually decrease during 28 d.This is consistent with the region of perirenal BAT deposition and highlights its critical role in energy expenditure and body temperature regulation in goat kids.Additionally,we found a series of changes of BAT during the first 28 d after birth,such as whitening,larger lipid droplets,decreased mitochondrial numbers,and down-regulation of key thermogenesis-related genes(UCP1,DIO2,UCP2,CIDEA,PPARGC1a,C/EBPb,and C/EBPa).Then,we used RNA-seq found specific marker genes for goat adipose tissue and identified 12 new marker genes for BAT and 10 new marker genes for WAT of goats.Furthermore,12 candidate genes were found to potentially regulate goat BAT thermogenesis.The mechanism of the change of this biological phenomenon does not involve a large-scale death of brown adipocytes and subsequent proliferation of white adipocytes.While apoptosis may play a limited role,it is largely not critical in this transition process.Conclusions We concluded that perirenal BAT plays a crucial role in thermoregulation in newborn goat kids,with notable species differences in the expression of adipose tissue marker genes,and we highlighted some potential marker genes for goat BAT and WAT.Additionally,the change from BAT to WAT does not involve a large-scale death of brown adipocytes and subsequent proliferation of white adipocytes.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12375296)the Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data Foundation(No.JCKY2022201C153)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(Nos.2021JJ40444,2020RC3054)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2023014)the National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2022YFA1603303).
文摘The neutron-induced total cross sections of natural lead have been measured in a wide energy range(0.3 eV-20 MeV)on the back-streaming white neutron beamline(Back-n)at the China Spallation Neutron Source.Neutron energy was determined by the neutron total cross-section spectrometer using the time-of-flight technique.A fast multi-cell fission chamber was used as the neutron detector,and a 10-mm-thick high-purity natural lead sample was employed for the neutron transmission measurements.The on-beam background was determined using Co,In,Ag,and Cd filters.The excitation function of ^(nat)Pb(n,tot)reaction below 20 MeV was calculated using the TALYS-1.96 nuclear-reaction modeling program.The present results were compared with previous results,the evaluated data available in the five major evaluated nuclear data libraries(i.e.,ENDF/B-VIII.0,JEFF-3.3,JENDL-5,CENDL-3.2,and BROND-3.1),and the theoretical calculation curve.Good agreement was found between the new results and those of previous experiments and with the theoretical curves in the corresponding region.This measurement obtained the neutron total cross section of natural lead with good accuracy over a wide energy range and added experimental data in the resonance energy range.This provides more reliable experimental data for nuclear engineering design and nuclear data evaluation of lead.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62073172)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (Grant No. BK20221329)。
文摘A dynamical model is constructed to depict the spatial-temporal evolution of malware in mobile wireless sensor networks(MWSNs). Based on such a model, we design a hybrid control scheme combining parameter perturbation and state feedback to effectively manipulate the spatiotemporal dynamics of malware propagation. The hybrid control can not only suppress the Turing instability caused by diffusion factor but can also adjust the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation induced by time delay. Numerical simulation results show that the hybrid control strategy can efficiently manipulate the transmission dynamics to achieve our expected desired properties, thus reducing the harm of malware propagation to MWSNs.
基金supported by Health and Medical Research Fund(Reference No.:12131521)from Food and Health Bureau,the Government of the Hong Kong SAR,Hong Kong,ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:81973286,81922070,81703604 and 81973393),ChinaGeneral Research Fund(CUHK2141142)from University Grant Council of Hong Kong SAR,China。
文摘In traditional Chinese medicine herbs(TCM),including Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae(Danshen),Radix Puerariae Lobatae(Gegen),Radix Angelicae Sinensis(Danggui),and Rhizoma Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong)are widely used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and also often co-administered with Western drugs as a part of integrative medicine practice.Carboxylesterase 1(CES1)plays a pivotal role in the metabolisms of pro-drugs,Since(S)-2-(2-(6-dimethylamino)-benzothiazole)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylate(NLMe)has recently been identified by us as a selective CES1 bioluminescent sensor,we developed a rapid method using this substrate for the direct measurement of CES1 activity in rats.This bioluminescence assay was applied to determine CES1 activity in rat tissues after a two-week oral administration of each of the four herbs noted above.The results demonstrated the presence of CES1 enzyme in rat blood and all tested tissues with much higher enzyme activity in the blood,liver,kidney and heart than that in the small intestine,spleen,lung,pancreas,brain and stomach.In addition,the four herbs showed tissue-specific effects on rat CES1 expression.Based on the CES1 biodistribution and its changes after treatment in rats,the possibility that Danshen,Gegen and Danggui might alter CES1 activities in human blood and kidney should be considered.In summary,a selective and sensitive bioluminescence assay was developed to rapidly evaluate CES1 activity and the effects of orally administered TCMs in rats.
文摘Objective:To investigate effects of hemoperfusion and hemofiltration combination on treating patients with acute organophosphours pesticide poisoning (AOPP) and influence of it on cholinesterase, dopamine and inflammatory factors.Methods:A total of 82 cases of AOPP patients treated in our hospital from Sep 2012 to Jul 2016 were selected as subjects. They were randomly divided to be the observation group and the control group, 41 cases for each. For patients in observation group, combined therapy of hemoperfusion (HP) and hemofiltration (HF) were provided. For patients in control group, combined therapy of HP and hemodialysis (HD) were provided. Effects on the two groups of patients were compared. Meanwhile, cholinesterase, dopamine and inflammatory factors levels in different times before and after treatment were compared.Results:Consciousness improvement times and hospitalization times in observation group were significantly lower than in control group. No significant difference showed on fatality rates between the two groups. Before treatment, no significant difference showed on CHE and DE levels between two groups of patients;6 h and 12 h after treatment, CHE average levels in two groups were significantly higher than before treatment in the same group, and levels in observation group at the same phase were significantly higher than in control group;6 h and 12 h after treatment, DA levels in observation group were significantly lower than the same group before treatment, and significantly lower than control group, while 12 h after treatment, DA levels in control group were significantly lower than the same group before treatment. Before treatment, no significant difference showed on serum TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 between two groups of patients. After treatment, each index levels in two groups were significantly lower than the same group before treatment, and levels in observation group at the same phase were significantly lower than control group. Conclusion:Effects of blood purification therapy on treating AOPP were worth approving, but effects of HP and HF combined therapy were more significant. In addition, improvement of HP+HF on CHE, DA and inflammatory factors were better than HP+HD.
基金Supported by the Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory,No. JNL-2022022Cthe Health Commission of Zhejiang Province,No. JBZX-202004
文摘Primary liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and was the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide in 2020.It includes hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(representing 75%-85%of cases),intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(representing 10%-15%of cases),and other rare types.The survival rate of patients with HCC has risen with improved surgical technology and perioperative management in recent years;however,high tumor recurrence rates continue to limit long-term survival,even after radical surgical resection(exceeding 50%recurrence).For resectable recurrent liver cancer,surgical removal[either salvage liver transplantation(SLT)or repeat hepatic resection]remains the most effective therapy that is potentially curative for recurrent HCC.Thus,here,we introduce surgical treatment for recurrent HCC.Areas Covered:A literature search was performed for recurrent HCC using Medline and PubMed up to August 2022.Expert commentary:In general,long-term survival after the reresection of recurrent liver cancer is usually beneficial.SLT has equivalent outcomes to primary liver transplantation for unresectable recurrent illness in a selected group of patients;however,SLT is constrained by the supply of liver grafts.SLT seems to be inferior to repeat liver resection when considering operative and postoperative results but has the major advantage of disease-free survival.When considering the similar overall survival rate and the current situation of donor shortages,repeat liver resection remains an important option for recurrent HCC.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017ZX10203205-005-004)Research Project of Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory(JNL-2022022C)Grant from Health Commission of Zhejiang Province(JBZX-202004)。
文摘Background:Liver transplantation(LT)is the best treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the surgical technique needs to be improved.The present study aimed to evaluate the“no-touch”technique in LT.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2019,we performed a prospective randomized controlled trial on HCC patients who underwent LT.The patients were randomized into two groups:a no-touch technique LT group(NT group,n=38)and a conventional LT technique group(CT group,n=46).Operative outcomes and survival in the two groups were analyzed.Results:The perioperative parameters were comparable between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in disease-free survival(DFS)(P=0.732)or overall survival(OS)(P=0.891).Of 36 patients who were beyond the Hangzhou criteria for LT,the DFS of the patients in the NT group was significantly longer than that in the CT group(median 402 vs.126 days,P=0.025).In 31 patients who had portal vein tumor thrombosis(PVTT),DFS and OS in the NT group were significantly better than those in the CT group(median DFS 420 vs.167 days,P=0.022;2-year OS rate 93.8%vs.66.7%,P=0.043).In 14 patients who had diffuse-type HCCs,DFS and OS were significantly better in the NT group than those in the CT group(median DFS 141 vs.56 days,P=0.008;2-year OS rate 75.0%vs.33.3%,P=0.034).Multivariate analysis showed that for patients with PVTT and diffusetype HCCs,the no-touch technique was an independent favorable factor for OS(PVTT:HR=0.018,95%CI:0.001-0.408,P=0.012;diffuse-type HCCs:HR=0.034,95%CI:0.002-0.634,P=0.024).Conclusions:The no-touch technique improved the survival of patients with advanced HCC compared with the conventional technique.The no-touch technique may provide a new and effective LT technique for advanced HCCs.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0209100 and No.2017YFA0303703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21922302,No.21873047,No.91850105,and No.91833305)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.020414380126)Chun-feng Zhang acknowledges financial support from the Tang Scholar Program。
文摘The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of supervised movie appreciation on improving the life meaning sense among college students. The intervention combined by “pre-video, post counseling” was conducted on the experimental group, while the control group received no intervention. Results have shown that the scores on the subscales of will to meaning, life purpose, life control, suffer acceptance and on the total scale have improved significantly. No gender difference was found on the intervention effect, and participants receiving intervention maintained higher level on related subscales a week later, indicating that supervised movie appreciation is an effective way to improve the life meaning sense among college students.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2008CB418200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U0833603, 40632011, 40873080)
文摘The composition and vertical profiles of low molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and the contribution of them to dissolved organic matter (DOM) in sediment porewaters in Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China were investigated. The results showed that total concentration of LMWOAs was up to 94.5 μmol/L and their proportion in DOM was 5.6%, suggesting that LMWOAs were important chemical components in DOM in lake sediment porewaters. Among the seven LMWOAs, pyruvic and acetic acid had the highest concentrations with 26.30 and 8.31 μmol/L, accounting for 51.4% and 14.92% of LMWOAs, respectively. Trifluoroacetic and sorbic acid had the lowest concentrations, indicating that the compositions of LMWOAs in relative reducing environments were largely different from those reported in glacier, atmosphere and soils. The concentrations of lactic, acetic, formic, sorbic and oxalic acid decreased with increasing depth, probably relating to stronger microbial activities in the initial stage of early diagenesis. Trifluoroacetic acid was mainly anthropogenic with its concentration, showing a diusive trend from the surface to bottom sediments. The concentrations of lactic acid and nitrate generally showed a consistent profile. The increasing concentration of pyruvic acid in the vertical profile was just opposite to that of sulfate, revealing a significant negative relationship between them. Oxalic acid remained constant except for an obvious peak at 6 cm depth. The results indicated the diversities in sources and behaviors for various LMWOAs during early diagenesis in sediments.
基金the China High-Tech Development 863 Program,Guangdong Province Sci & Tech Bureau(No.2006B12401006)Guangzhou Sci & Tech Bureau(No.2005U13D2031,2007Z2-D2031)financial support of this work National University of Singapore for financial support.
文摘Novel Cu-Ni/C has been prepared and utilized as an efficient catalyst system in direct synthesis of DMC from CH3OH and CO2.