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人工林对于印度奥里萨邦森林利用和现状的影响
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作者 Gunnar Khlin madelene ostwald 闵庆文 《AMBIO-人类环境杂志》 2001年第1期37-42,70,共6页
1985~1992年,印度奥里萨邦营造了10万hm^2的乡村人工林,这是一项旨在解决农村贫困人口生活及减轻对天然林压力的援助工程。本文目的在于研究这项工程的经济收益和环境效应。为此,我们收集了大量的资料,既包括农户所使用的不同来源的生... 1985~1992年,印度奥里萨邦营造了10万hm^2的乡村人工林,这是一项旨在解决农村贫困人口生活及减轻对天然林压力的援助工程。本文目的在于研究这项工程的经济收益和环境效应。为此,我们收集了大量的资料,既包括农户所使用的不同来源的生物量资料,也包括用于建立植被现状及相对于用户的空间分布关系的遥感信息资料。研究表明,由于增加了农村贫困人口生物物质的消耗量,减少了他们从天然林中收获的薪柴,从而减少了对于天然林的压力,人工林对于该地区人们生存条件的改善具有重要意义,特别是对于妇女,更具有特殊的作用。但是,为了使该项目得以成功地进行下去,还需要实施重要的管理措施,特别是应当注意对造林区的确定(考虑到与天然林的关系)。 展开更多
关键词 人工林 印度 奥里萨邦 森林利用
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Can integrated watershed management reduce soil erosion and improve livelihoods? A study from northern Ethiopia 被引量:2
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作者 Kassa Teka Mulu Haftu +1 位作者 madelene ostwald Christel Cederberg 《International Soil and Water Conservation Research》 SCIE CSCD 2020年第3期266-276,共11页
The study aimed at evaluating the impact of integrated watershed management on reducing soil erosion and changes in the livelihoods of rural farming households in Ethiopia.The changes in soil erosion for the years bet... The study aimed at evaluating the impact of integrated watershed management on reducing soil erosion and changes in the livelihoods of rural farming households in Ethiopia.The changes in soil erosion for the years between 2002 and 2015 were estimated using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model,while the impacts on livelihoods were assessed by household interviews.During the study period,the overall average annual soil loss was halved.Furthermore,crop productivity,water availability(irrigation and domestic)and fodder availability increased by 22,33 and 10%,respectively,while an increase in household income(by 56%)was observed.Moreover,72%of the sampled households were able to cover their 12-month annual expenditure demands in 2015,while only 50%of the households were able to cover these demands in 2002.It can be concluded that the implemented integrated watershed man-agement activities seemingly resulted in reduced soil loss,enhanced vegetation cover,and additional household income.This paper also elaborates on the hurdles for integrated watershed management expansion. 展开更多
关键词 Soil loss Crop productivity Water availability Feed availability Household income
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