大豆提取物抗戊四唑所致卵巢切除大鼠痉挛的作用(英文)

目的:研究大豆提取物抗戊四唑所致卵巢切除大鼠痉挛的作用。方法:雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组(n=15),分别为假手术组、卵巢切除组、低剂量大豆提取物组和高剂量大豆提取物组。假手术组大鼠行假手术,其余3组大鼠行卵巢切除术。每组大鼠再随机分为2个亚组,其中一个亚组(n=7)每日予低剂量戊四唑(40mg/kg)腹腔内注射,连续14d;另一亚组(n=8)予一次高剂量戊四唑(90mg/kg)腹腔内注射。在戊四唑注射前30min,低剂量大豆提取物(20mg/kg)及高剂量大豆提取物(60mg/kg)组分别腹腔内注射大豆提取物,假手术组及卵巢切除组注射生理盐水。上述步骤完成后,将大鼠置于树脂玻璃箱中观察60min。结果:重复低剂量注射戊四唑14d,卵巢切除组大鼠的痉挛评分在第3、5、8、10、11、12及13天低于假手术组(P<0.05或P<0.01),而低剂量大豆提取物组和高剂量大豆提取物组大鼠的痉挛评分高于卵巢切除组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。一次性高剂量注射戊四唑后,与假手术组相比,卵巢切除组大鼠阵发性强直性抽搐潜伏期延长,而最小阵发性痉挛潜伏期无明显变化;与卵巢切除组相比,低剂量及高剂量的大豆提取物显著缩短了大鼠阵发性强直性抽搐及最小阵发性痉挛的潜伏期(P<0.01)。结论:雌激素能够影响戊四唑所致大鼠痉挛的严重程度,而大豆中所含的植物雌激素也具有类似作用,这种作用还有待更多的研究予以证实。

突厥蔷薇提取物抗戊四唑所致小鼠痉挛的作用(英文)

目的:研究突厥蔷薇(Rosa damascena)的水提物、乙醇提取物及三氯甲烷提取物对戊四唑所致小鼠惊厥的作用。方法:实验动物按如下方案分组:生理盐水对照组,地西泮组(3mg/kg),水提物组(100,500和1000mg/kg),乙醇提取物组(100,500和1000mg/kg),三氯甲烷提取物组(100,500和1000mg/kg)。所有药物均在注射戊四唑30min前皮下注射。记录并比较各组小鼠阵发性强直性抽搐潜伏期、最小阵发性痉挛潜伏期及死亡率。结果:与生理盐水对照组相比,三组水提物组小鼠的阵发性强直性抽搐潜伏期及最小阵发性痉挛潜伏期均有延长(P<0.05或P<0.01);一组乙醇提取物组(1000mg/kg)小鼠的最小阵发性痉挛潜伏期及两组乙醇提取物组(500和1000mg/kg)小鼠的阵发性强直性抽搐潜伏期均有延长(P<0.05,P<0.01);三组三氯甲烷提取物组小鼠的阵发性强直性抽搐潜伏期及最小阵发性痉挛潜伏期无明显变化。不同提取物各组的死亡率与对照组相比无明显差异。结论:本研究的结果证实了突厥蔷薇具有抗戊四唑所致小鼠惊厥的作用,其具体作用机制有待进一步研究。

Gum resin extract of Boswellia serrata attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and oxidative damage in hepatic and renal tissues of rats

Objective:To explore the effect of ethyl acetate gum resin extract of Boswellia serrata on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced inflammation and oxidative damage in hepatic and renal tissues of rats.Methods:The rats were divided into four groups:control,LPS,LPS+Boswellia serrata extracts(100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg).LPS(1 mg/kg)and the extract(100 and 200 mg/kg,30 min before LPS)were administered intraperitoneally for 3 weeks.The levels of liver enzymes,albumin,total protein,creatinine,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),interleukin(IL)-6,malondialdehyde(MDA),and total thiol groups and superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities were measured.Results:The levels of liver enzymes,creatinine,and BUN,IL-6,MDA in the LPS group were markedly increased(P<0.001)while albumin,total protein,and total thiol concentration,as well as SOD and CAT activities,were decreased compared with the control group(P<0.05 or 0.01).Boswellia serrata extracts diminished the levels of liver enzymes,creatinine,BUN,IL-6,and MDA(P<0.01 and P<0.001),and elevated the concentration of total protein and total thiol and SOD and CAT activities(P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusions:The ethyl acetate gum resin extract of Boswellia serrata reduces LPS-induced inflammatory reactions and oxidative damage,thus ameliorating hepatic and renal function.

不同丁香提取物对戊四唑诱导的小鼠癫癎发作的影响(英文)

目的:研究不同丁香提取物对戊四唑引发小鼠癫癎的作用。方法:实验小鼠被随机分为生理盐水对照组、不同剂量(50、100、250及500mg/kg)丁香水提取物组、不同剂量(50、100、250及500mg/kg)丁香乙醇提取物组、不同剂量(50、100、250及500mg/kg)丁香三氯甲烷提取物组。给予戊四唑前60min为各组小鼠注射药物。记录并比较各组小鼠阵发性强直性抽搐潜伏期(generalized tonic-clonic seizure,GTCS)、最小阵发性痉挛潜伏期(minimal clonic seizure,MCS)及死亡率。结果:低、中、高三种剂量的丁香水提取物能有效延长MSC和GTCS的潜伏期(P<0.05)。50、100和250mg/kg的丁香乙醇提取物显著增加了小鼠MCS潜伏时间(P<0.05)。与盐水治疗组相比,惊厥小鼠模型经50、100、250和500mg/kg丁香的乙醇提取物治疗后,其GTCS的潜伏期显著高于盐水治疗组,但丁香的三氯甲烷提取物对惊厥小鼠的GTCS和MCS潜伏期没有显著的影响。结论:丁香乙醇和水提取物能抑制由戊四唑诱发的小鼠惊厥,但其确切的作用机制和有效的抗惊厥活性物质还有待进一步的研究。

Zataria multiflora and its constituent,carvacrol,counteract sepsis-induced aortic and cardiac toxicity in rat:Involvement of nitric oxide and oxidative stress

Background:Zataria multiflora and carvacrol showed various pharmacological prop-erties including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects.However,up to now no studies have explored its potential benefits in ameliorating sepsis-induced aortic and cardiac injury.Thus,this study aimed to investigate the effects of Z.multiflora and carvacrol on nitric oxide(NO)and oxidative stress indicators in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced aortic and cardiac injury.Methods:Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to:Control,lipopolysaccharide(LPS)(1 mg/kg,intraperitoneal(i.p.)),and Z.multiflora hydro-ethanolic extract(ZME,50–200 mg/kg,oral)-and carvacrol(25–100 mg/kg,oral)-treated groups.LPS was in-jected daily for 14 days.Treatment with ZME and carvacrol started 3 days before LPS administration and treatment continued during LPS administration.At the end of the study,the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),NO,thiols,and antioxidant enzymes were evaluated.Results:Our findings showed a significant reduction in the levels of superoxide dis-mutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and thiols in the LPS group,which were restored by ZME and carvacrol.Furthermore,ZME and carvacrol decreased MDA and NO in car-diac and aortic tissues of LPS-injected rats.Conclusions:The results suggest protective effects of ZME and carvacrol on LPS-induced cardiovascular injury via improved redox hemostasis and attenuated NO pro-duction.However,additional studies are needed to elucidate the effects of ZME and its constituents on inflammatory responses mediated by LPS.

黄豆提取物的雌激素依赖作用对戊四唑诱发的大鼠癫癎的影响(英文)

目的:研究黄豆提取物对经戊四唑(pentylenetrazole,PTZ)诱发癫发作的女性荷尔蒙缺失雌性大鼠与正常雌性大鼠的不同作用,以及因性别差异引起的植物雌性激素对行为的影响。方法:雄性Wistar大鼠被随机分为雄性生理盐水组,雄性低、中、高剂量黄豆提取物治疗组,每组8只;雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术生理盐水组,假手术低、中、高剂量黄豆提取物治疗组,去卵巢生理盐水组,去卵巢低、中、高剂量黄豆提取物治疗组,每组8只。去卵巢大鼠在氯胺酮麻醉下行卵巢切除术。分别给予各组大鼠生理盐水及不同剂量黄豆提取物治疗2周后腹腔内注射戊四唑。将大鼠放置在树脂玻璃笼内,记录最小阵挛性癫发作(minial clonic seizure,MCS)潜伏期和强直性阵挛性癫发作(generalized tonic-clonic seizure,GTCS)潜伏期。结果:与雄性生理盐水组大鼠比较,雄性低、中剂量黄豆提取物治疗组的MSC和GTCS潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.05或P<0.01)。雌性假手术大鼠在给予黄豆提取物治疗后,其MSC和GTCS潜伏期没有显著改变。与去卵巢生理盐水组比较,去卵巢低、高剂量黄豆提取物治疗组的MSC和GTCS潜伏期明显缩短(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:黄豆的植物雌激素能影响由PTZ诱发的癫发作的轻重程度,但其影响程度与卵巢激素水平有关。机制还有待进一步研究。

Different effects of L-arginine on morphine tolerance in sham and ovariectomized female mice

Objective:The roles of gonadal hormones and nitric oxide(NO) on the analgesic effects of morphine,tolerance to morphine,and their interactions have been widely investigated.In the present study,the effect of L-arginine(an NO precursor) on morphine tolerance in sham and ovariectomized(OVX) female mice was investigated.Methods:Forty mice were divided into sham and OVX groups.On the first day,a hot plate test((55±0.2) °C;cut-off 30 s) was carried out as a base record 15 min before injection of morphine(10 mg/kg,subcutaneously(s.c.)) and was repeated every 15 min after injection.The sham group was then divided into two subgroups:sham-tolerance-L-arginine(Sham-Tol-LA) and sham-tolerance-saline(Sham-Tol-Sal) which received either L-arginine 50 mg/kg(intraperitoneally(i.p.)) or saline 10 ml/kg(i.p.),respectively,three times in a day for three consecutive days.Morphine tolerance was induced in animals by injecting 30 mg/kg morphine(s.c.) three times/day for three days.This treatment was also used for OVX subgroups.On the fifth day,the hot plate test was repeated.The analgesic effect of morphine was calculated as the maximal percent effect(MPE).The results were compared using repeated measure analysis of variance(ANOVA).Results:There was no significant difference in MPE between the OVX and sham groups.The MPEs in both the Sham-Tol-Sal and OVX-Tol-Sal groups were lower than those in both the sham and OVX groups(P<0.01).The MPE in the OVX-Tol-Sal group was greater than that in the Sham-Tol-Sal group(P<0.01).The MPE in the Sham-Tol-LA group was higher than that in the Sham-Tol-Sal group(P<0.01).However,there was no significant difference between the Sham-Tol-LA and sham groups or between the OVX-Tol-LA and OVX-Tol-Sal groups.Conclusions:The results of the present study showed that repeated administration of morphine causes tolerance to the analgesic effect of morphine.L-Arginine could prevent tolerance to morphine but its effect was different in the presence of ovarian hormones.

Effects of the Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Nigella Sativa on Scopolamine-Induced Spatial Memory Impairment in Rats and Its Possible Mechanism

Objective： To evaluate the effect of Nigella sativa （NS） extract on memory performance and its possible mechanisms in scopolamine （Sco）-induced spatial memory impairment model using Morris water maze test. Methods： Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. The control group received saline instead of both NS extract and Sco. The Sco group was treated by saline for two weeks, and was injected by Sco （2 mg/kg, intraperitoneally） 30 min before each trail in Morris water maze test. Sco＋NS 200 and SCO＋NS 400 groups were daily treated by 200 or 400 mg/kg of NS （intraperitoneally） for two weeks, respectively, and were finally injected by Sco 30 min before Morris water maze test. The brains of animals were removed to determine the acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） activity and oxidative stress criteria in cortical tissues. Results： Time latency and path length in the Sco group were significantly higher than in the control group （P〈0.01）, while the SCO＋NS 400 group showed a significantly shorter traveled path length and time latency compared with the Sco group （P〈0.01）. AChE activity in the cortical tissues of the Sco group was significantly higher than the control group （P〈0.01）, while AChE activity in the Sco＋NS 200 and Sco＋NS 400 groups was lower than the Sco group （P〈0.01）. Following Sco administration, malondialdehyde （MDA） concentrations were increased （P〈0.01） in comparison with the control group, while cortical total thiol content decreased （P〈0.01）. Pretreatment with extracts caused a significant elevation in cortical total thiol content （P〈0.01） and reduction in cortical MDA concentration （P〈0.01） compared with the Sco group. Conclusions： Hydro-alcoholic extract of NS prevents Sco-induced spatial memory deficits and decreases the AChE activity as well as oxidative stress of brain tissues in rats. Our results support the traditional belief about the beneficial effects of NS in nervous system. Moreover, further investigations are needed for better understanding of this protective effect.