Microbiological and Physico-Chemical Analysis of the Waters of the “Mamouwol” Stream in the Urban District of Mamou (Republic of Guinea)

Water is essential to life and to the sustainable socio-economic development of a nation, It is therefore interesting to have a better knowledge of the quality of this water. The aim was to determine the degree of microbiological and physico-chemical pollution of the water of the “Mamouwol” river in the town of Mamou. To do this, we chose four (4) sampling sites spread throughout the town of Mamou. During the month of March (2024), 4 water samples were analyzed to monitor the water quality of this river. The average values of the flora analyzed show that these water are heavily contaminated with bacteria indicative of fecal and metal pollution. This study showed that sites: Mam4;Mam2 and Mam1 contain the highest loads, with Total Coliform counts ranging from 1534 CFU/100 ml to 2100 CFU/100 ml, the number of faecal coliforms varies between 526 and 1240 CFU/100 ml, and that of faecal streptococci between 526 and 841 CFU/100 ml. Metal content, BOD5 and COD all comply with the laboratory’s analysis criteria, although they vary from point to point.

Study of the Characteristics of Large-Diameter Iron Bars Obtained by Rolling at the ODHAV Foundry in the Republic of Guinea

This work consists of evaluating the quality of the mechanical parameters of large-diameter steels, i.e. 20, 25, 28 and 32, through a process of recycling scrap metal that fills garages, rubbish dumps, gutters and other abandoned sites, as well as imported concrete reinforcing steel sold in the Republic of Guinea. To carry out this important work, a number of mechanical tensile and bending tests and a microscopic analysis combining two devices, an electron microscope and a photographic camera, were carried out. The samples were taken from sampling areas in the major communes of Conakry, namely: Casse Sonfonia, Matoto and Kagbélen. The tensile strength values of the large dimensions 20, 25, 28 and 32 are given in the tables.

Investigation of Anthropogenic Activities along the Mamouwol River in the Urban Commune of Mamou (Republic of Guinea)

The monitoring of our watercourses for their preservation must be an imperative concern of the whole population.The aim of this study is to describe the main causes of degradation and destruction of the natural resources of the Mamouwol River in the Mamou commune.Data were collected using a survey method(questionnaire,interviews and observations).The study revealed that extensive agro-pastoral activities are the main socio-economic activity of the population,accounting for 78.5%-90%and 20.30%respectively.Fishing follows(1.2%).Related activities include handicrafts and petty trade;Other human activities:hunting(11%),charcoal burning(58%),brick making and firing(45.6%).Riverbanks and water resources in the vicinity of dwellings are damaged and polluted by socio-economic activities and the use of agricultural inputs.The absence of industrial units on the path for the data collection.

Determination of the Physico-Chemical Quality of the Waters of the Mamouwol River in the Urban Commune of Mamou, Republic of Guinea

Water is one of the most important elements on which our daily lives depend,because of its many uses in various fields.To ensure that people have the right of access to water,the authorities must provide them with treated water that complies with the regulations and standards in force,particularly from a physico-chemical point of view,for all possible uses to avoid any health problems for consumers.The aim of this research is to study the water in the Mamouwol River by measuring physico-chemical parameters:(1)pH,it varies from 5.2“Mam3”to 7.8“Mam4”in August 2021 then from 5.5“Mam3”to 7.7“Mam4”in March 2022,i.e.an average of 6.9 for all sampling points;(2)Turbidity varies from 0.3 NTU“Mam1”to 26.3 NTU“Mam4”in August 2021,then from 0.3 NTU“Mam1”to 30.6 NTU“Mam4”in March 2022,i.e.an average of 9.0 NTU for all sampling points;(3)Suspended matter,varying from 0.6 mg/L“Mam1”to 17.6 mg/L“Mam4”in August 2021,then from 0.6 mg/L“Mam1”to 30.0 mg/L“Mam4”in March 2022,i.e.an average of 8.8 mg/L for all the sampling points“Mam1”,“Mam2”,“Mam3”and“Mam4”;(4)Dissolved oxygen,varying from 2.07 mg/L“Mam3”to 6.12 mg/L“Mam1”in August 2021,then from 1.05 mg/L“Mam3”to 5.05 mg/L“Mam1”in March 2022,i.e.an average of 2.77 mg/L for all sampling points;(5)Nitrates vary from 1.32 mg/L“Mam1”to 3.96 mg/L“Mam4”in August 2021,then from 1.49 mg/L“Mam1”to 5.27 mg/L“Mam3”in March 2022,i.e.an average of 5.53 mg/L for all sampling points;(6)Nitrites,varying from 0 mg/L“Mam1”and“Mam2”to 0.06 mg/L“Mam3”in August 2021,then from 0 mg/L“Mam1”and“Mam2”to 0.13 mg/L“Mam3”in March 2022,i.e.an average of 0.03 mg/L for all sampling points.The results show the presence of organic pollution.

Production of New Adsorbent from Mango residues Collected in the Urban Community of Mamou

Activated coal obtained from mango residues is an alternative for the valorisation of these wastes for applications. This work focuses on the production of a new adsorbent from mango residues collected in the urban common of Mamou (Republic of Guinea) by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide. To do this, the different rates: humidity, cinders, volatile matter, fixed carbon et iodine indices before activation and after activation at 400°C and 700°C were determined which are: (6.28%;0.97%;73.80%;25.23%) respectively. The best indices were found in powdered activated coal compared to grain activated coal for the concentrations used. This study can be an alternative bio-adsorbent for the urban community of Mamou in water treatment.

Study and Formulation of Composite Flours Based on Gluten Flour and Local Cereal Flours: Fonio, Millet and Sorghum

This study makes it possible to establish baking flours of nutritional quality and technologically acceptable following the increase in their rheological parameters due to the insertion of gluten flour. The composite flours were obtained using the Philips mixer type (model HR2811). The nutritional qualities of the formulated flours were determined by the Kjeldahl, AOAC 985-29, UV-VIS spectrophotometry (DR 5000;HACH and LANGE, France) and Soxhlet gravimetric methods. The compounds obtained are respectively: Protein, carbohydrate, lipid, micronutrient and vitamin contents. Monitoring the analysis of functional properties (water and oil absorption capacity) as well as baking value.

Removal of Nitrate and Phosphate Ions from the Bafing River by an Adsorbent Obtained from the Shells of Mango Cores

The valorization of agricultural waste in the treatment of our rivers can be an alternative to waste management. This study deals with the use of mango kernel shells in the depollution of the Bafing River (rural commune of Tolo, Mamou prefecture) in the Republic of Guinea. Thus, the different concentrations of ions found in April (low water period) were determined and which are: a reduction of 35.64 mg/l (79.69%);a reduction of 41.53 mg/l (81.24%);and 47.53 mg/l (82.10%) and 3.83 mg/l (75.24%);8.45 mg/l (81.72%);11.67 mg/l (87.94%) at the sampling points P1, P2, and P3 respectively. In October (flood period), the concentrations found are 24.98 mg/l reductions (79.88%);29.83 mg/l reduction (81.41%) and 35.15 mg/l (85.50%) at the same sampling points P1, P2 and P3, respectively. This study can be considered as a water treatment alternative for the village community of the Tolo sub-prefecture (Mamou prefecture).

Physico-Chemical Studies of the Bricks in Mud Raw Used in the Construction of Century-Old Huts(Straw Huts):Case of the Urban Commune of Kouroussa

Building construction using cement bricks on the one hand,and mud bricks on the other hand,presents problems of resistance and durability in the face of natural weathering in our country(Republic of Guinea).These difficulties could be linked to non-compliance with standards and the failure to master certain physico-chemical,mechanical and technical parameters when constructing a building.In order to remedy this problem,a series of studies were carried out on samples of mud bricks used in the construction of century-old straw hut buildings in the urban commune of Kouroussa(Republic of Guinea).To this end,the compressive strength of the brick samples was assessed either:0.10 MPa,and sensory techniques of certain characteristics were carried out to evaluate the cohesion of the elements in the brick samples,such as:coward boule technique,hand washing test,withdrawal of a soil(pellet or ring test)and of the jar test.The physico-chemical analyses methods were carried out using XRF(X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry),granulometry and Atterberg limits in accordance with NF P 94-051.These results showed a high insoluble residue content(49.9%)and the sample had a clay-like appearance with a low PI(Plasticity Index)=8%.This study could be an alternative guide for the authorities in charge of housing and construction in the Kouroussa prefecture(Republic of Guinea).because,the majority of houses in Upper Guinea are built with mud raw bricks or fired bricks.

Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Study of Fresh Pineapple(Baronne de Guinée)Grown in the Sub-prefectures of:Maferinyah and Friguiagbé(Forécariah and Kindia Prefectures),Republic of Guinea

Pineapple fruit in the Republic of Guinea is currently less competitive in the West African sub-region due to the nutritional quality of the product.Thus,it is normal to review certain parameters such as:sensory,physico-chemical in order to improve this classification.To do this,instead of buying samples on the market,the aim is to analyze fresh samples harvested in the production fields and send them to the laboratory for analysis of certain physico-chemical and microbiological parameters.Analytical results showed that the Brix content in fields I and II at Maferinyah(Forécariah)was higher(14.35 and 16.5)than that found in fields I and II at Friguiagbé(Kindia)(14.2 and 12.4),The pH of fruit from both localities varies between 3.48 and 3.56,with the highest acidity value found in Field I at Friguiagbé(Kindia)2.16 and the lowest value in Field II at Maferinyah(Forécariah)0.46.Moisture contents for both localities ranged from 82.56 to 89.5,with the highest value found at Field I in Maferinyah(Forécariah)89.5.Dry extract and ash in both localities would be in the range 10.54 to 17.45;0.33 to 1.43 respectively.The highest values for dry extract and ash were found in Fields I and II Friguiagbé(Kindia)17.45 and 1.43.The samples analyzed contained certain trace elements such as magnesium,sodium,iron and phosphorus.Microbiological analyses showed the presence of Escherichia coli(E.coli),yeast-molds,Staphylococcus aureus and the absence of salmonella.