Tomato is a market gardening product that plays an important nutritional and economic role in Burkina Faso. However, the bad use of pesticides for its production could have negative impacts </span><span style...Tomato is a market gardening product that plays an important nutritional and economic role in Burkina Faso. However, the bad use of pesticides for its production could have negative impacts </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">consumers’</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> health. The objective of the present study was to assess the concentration of trace metal elements (Pb, Cd </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> As), 15N isotopes (</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NO<sub>2</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">-</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> NO<sub>3</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">-</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> NH<sub>4</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">+</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and phosphorus (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">PO<sub>4</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">2-</sup></span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in tomatoes according to cultivation practices. Thus, three tomato varieties (Mon</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">gal F1, F1 Cobra 26 </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Roma F1) were grown using organic and conventional production methods on 2 sites at Nongr Massom, (commune of Kadiogo province). The trace metal el</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ements were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the isotopes 15N (</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NO<sub>2</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">-</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> NO<sub>3</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">-</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> NH<sub>4</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">+</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and phosphorus (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">PO<sub>4</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">3-</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) using standardized methods. Tomatoes from conventional agriculture had higher levels of trace metal elements (0.163</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.298 mg/Kg, 0.082</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.146 mg/Kg </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 0.018</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.032 mg/Kg respectively for Pb, Cd </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> As) than those from organic agriculture samples. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Concentration</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of trace metal</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> lower for organic production with a reduction of 19.02%, 19.69% </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 20.77% for Pb, Cd </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> As respectively compared to conventional production. High levels were recorded for the Roma F1 variety. The concentrations of trace metal elements in organic production are lower than the codex standards (2010) while those in conventional production are higher. These results could be due to the use of chemical inputs that could </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">have a negative impact on</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the nutritional quality of these tomatoes. The concentration of trace metal elements in tomato fruits is strongly correlated by production method and less by the variety (genetic).展开更多
Cashew cultivation is growing in Burkina Faso, but nut production remains low. Identification of high-performance plant material with known varietal <span>characteristics is essential for breeding. This study co...Cashew cultivation is growing in Burkina Faso, but nut production remains low. Identification of high-performance plant material with known varietal <span>characteristics is essential for breeding. This study consisted of physical-</span><span>chemica</span>l and nutritional characterization of almonds from a core selection of 53 cashew accessions from Burkina Faso. Proximate composition included contents in water, lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, ash, cellulose using standard methods. Major constituents were lipids with an average level of 50.71% ± 4.07%, followed by carbohydrates and proteins with average levels of 21.18% ± 3.81% and 20.62% ± 1.58%, respectively. Average water, ash and cellulose levels were 4.56% ± 0.39%, 2.87% ± 0.27% and 4.61% ± 2.52%, respectively. The analysis of variability within accessions, based on physical and chemical parameters, identified 3 groups that differ in lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, cellulose and energy value. The first group containing 17 accessions of fat-rich cashews, average protein levels and very high energy values is more interesting for tree improvement programs.展开更多
文摘Tomato is a market gardening product that plays an important nutritional and economic role in Burkina Faso. However, the bad use of pesticides for its production could have negative impacts </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">consumers’</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> health. The objective of the present study was to assess the concentration of trace metal elements (Pb, Cd </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> As), 15N isotopes (</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NO<sub>2</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">-</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> NO<sub>3</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">-</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> NH<sub>4</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">+</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and phosphorus (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">PO<sub>4</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">2-</sup></span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in tomatoes according to cultivation practices. Thus, three tomato varieties (Mon</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">gal F1, F1 Cobra 26 </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Roma F1) were grown using organic and conventional production methods on 2 sites at Nongr Massom, (commune of Kadiogo province). The trace metal el</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ements were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the isotopes 15N (</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">NO<sub>2</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">-</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> NO<sub>3</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">-</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> NH<sub>4</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">+</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and phosphorus (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">PO<sub>4</sub><sup style="margin-left:-7px;">3-</sup></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) using standardized methods. Tomatoes from conventional agriculture had higher levels of trace metal elements (0.163</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.298 mg/Kg, 0.082</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.146 mg/Kg </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 0.018</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.032 mg/Kg respectively for Pb, Cd </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> As) than those from organic agriculture samples. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Concentration</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of trace metal</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> lower for organic production with a reduction of 19.02%, 19.69% </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 20.77% for Pb, Cd </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> As respectively compared to conventional production. High levels were recorded for the Roma F1 variety. The concentrations of trace metal elements in organic production are lower than the codex standards (2010) while those in conventional production are higher. These results could be due to the use of chemical inputs that could </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">have a negative impact on</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the nutritional quality of these tomatoes. The concentration of trace metal elements in tomato fruits is strongly correlated by production method and less by the variety (genetic).
文摘Cashew cultivation is growing in Burkina Faso, but nut production remains low. Identification of high-performance plant material with known varietal <span>characteristics is essential for breeding. This study consisted of physical-</span><span>chemica</span>l and nutritional characterization of almonds from a core selection of 53 cashew accessions from Burkina Faso. Proximate composition included contents in water, lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, ash, cellulose using standard methods. Major constituents were lipids with an average level of 50.71% ± 4.07%, followed by carbohydrates and proteins with average levels of 21.18% ± 3.81% and 20.62% ± 1.58%, respectively. Average water, ash and cellulose levels were 4.56% ± 0.39%, 2.87% ± 0.27% and 4.61% ± 2.52%, respectively. The analysis of variability within accessions, based on physical and chemical parameters, identified 3 groups that differ in lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, cellulose and energy value. The first group containing 17 accessions of fat-rich cashews, average protein levels and very high energy values is more interesting for tree improvement programs.