穿刺切口青光眼手术(SIGS)治疗成人青光眼的临床观察

目的:观察穿刺切口青光眼手术(SIGS)治疗成人青光眼的安全性和有效性。方法:回顾性系列病例研究。收集2018-06/2020-11在我院实施SIGS治疗的青光眼患者55例70眼的临床资料,随访至术后6mo,观察眼压、滤过泡及术后并发症情况。结果:纳入患者中30眼行单纯SIGS,40眼行SIGS联合白内障手术,其中33眼(47%)手术完全成功,28眼(40%)手术部分成功,9眼(13%)手术失败。术前用药情况下平均眼压31.82±13.16mmHg,术后1wk,1、3、6mo平均眼压(14.97±5.25、17.94±5.24、18.43±4.74、17.37±3.36mmHg)均较术前明显降低,且术后6mo降眼压药物使用数量[0(0,1)]种较术前[3(2,3)]明显减少(P<0.001)。术后6mo,纳入患者滤过泡形态Ⅰ型(功能性滤过泡)30眼(43%),Ⅱ型(功能性滤过泡)31眼(44%),Ⅲ型(扁平滤过泡)7眼(10%),Ⅳ型(包裹性囊状泡)2眼(3%)。随访期间,2眼前房积血,4眼前房炎症反应,3眼低眼压、浅前房、滤过过甚,1眼恶性青光眼,1眼眼内炎,1眼脉络膜脱离,1眼睫状体脱离,9眼滤过泡瘢痕化。结论:SIGS治疗原发性开角型青光眼、原发性闭角型青光眼及部分继发性青光眼降眼压效果良好,且无严重并发症。

Temperature distribution and dynamic control of secondary cooling in slab continuous casting

To predict and optimize the temperature distribution of slab continuous casting in steady operational state, a three-dimensional model （named ＂offline model＂） based on the heat transfer and solidification theories was developed. Both heat transfer and flux distribution characteristics of the nozzle sprays on the slab were considered, and the complicated boundary conditions, such as spray cooling, natural convection, thermal radiation as well as contact cooling of individual rolls were involved in the model. By using the calibrated caster dependent model factors, the calculated temperature and shell thickness accorded well with the measured. Furthermore, a dynamic secondary water cooling control system was also developed on the basis of a two-dimensional transient heat transfer model （named ＂online model＂） and incremental PID control algorithm to reduce slab surface temperature fluctuation in unsteady state. Compared with the traditional spray table control method, the present online model and dynamic PID control demonstrate a higher capability and flexibility to adjust cooling water flowrate and reduce slab surface temperature fluctuation when the casting speed is changed.

Comprehensive model for a slag bath in electroslag remelting process with a current-conductive mould

A mathematical model was developed to describe the interaction of multiple physical fields in a slag bath during electroslag remelting （ESR） process with a current-conductive mould. The distributions of current density, magnetic induction intensity, electromagnetic force, Joule heating, fluid flow and temperature were simulated. The model was verified by temperature measurements during remelting 12CrMoVG steel with a slag of 50wt%-70wt% CaF2, 20wt%-30wt% CaO, 10wt%-20wt% A1203, and 〈10wt% SiO2 in a 600 mm diameter current-conductive mould. There is a good agreement between the calculated temperature results and the measured data in the slag bath. The calculated results show that the maximum values of current density, electromagnetic force and Joule heating are in the region between the comer electrodes and the conductivity element. The characteristics of current density distribution, magnetic induction intensity, electromagnetic force, Joule heating, velocity patterns and temperature profiles in the slag bath during ESR process with current-conductive mould were analyzed.

A Novel Strategy of In Situ Trimerization of Cyano Groups Between the Ti3C2Tx(MXene) Interlayers for High-Energy and High-Power Sodium-Ion Capacitors

2D MXenes are attractive for energy storage applications because of their high electronic conductivity.However,it is still highly challenging for improving the sluggish sodium(Na)-ion transport kinetics within the MXenes interlayers.Herein,a novel nitrogen-doped Ti3C2Tx MXene was synthesized by introducing the in situ polymeric sodium dicyanamide(Na-dca)to tune the complex terminations and then utilized as intercalation-type pseudocapacitive anode of Na-ion capacitors(NICs).The Na-dca can intercalate into the interlayers of Ti3C2 Tx nanosheets and simultaneously form sodium tricyanomelaminate(Na3TCM)by the catalyst-free trimerization.The as-prepared Ti3C2Tx/Na3TCM exhibits a high N-doping of 5.6 at.%in the form of strong Ti-N bonding and stabilized triazine ring structure.Consequently,coupling Ti3C2Tx/Na3 TCM anode with different mass of activated carbon cathodes,the asymmetric MXene//carbon NICs are assembled.It is able to deliver high energy density(97.6 Wh kg-1),high power output(16.5 kW kg-1),and excellent cycling stability(≈82.6%capacitance retention after 8000 cycles).

Regulative effect of aqueous extract of Eichhornia crassipes on the oxygen uptake capacity and motion responses of mice under wet/cool stress

OBJECTIVE To investigate the regulative effect of aqueous extract of Eichhornia crassipes on the oxygen uptake capacity and motion responses of mice under wet/cool stress. METHODS KM mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,Eichhornia crassipes lowdose group(0.5g·kg-1)and high dose group(1.5g·kg-1),then performed intragastric administration for a period of 7d.Wet/cold stressed mice model was established using repeated intermittent(3h·d-1,consecutive 7d)exposure method by placing mice into the exposure box which was covered by ice at the bottom(T<0℃;RH>85%).Oxygen consumption was observed during exposure.Inclined plane method(muscle coordination capacity test)was performed immediately after exposure.60-second video of exhaustive swimming(to calculate swimming speed)was taken 1hafter the last exposure,the exhaustive swimming time was recorded.RESULTS(1)Compared with normal control group,model control group showed significant improvement in oxygen consumption(P<0.01),with an increase up to 77.33%,while inclined plate time,swimming speed and exhaustive swimming time showed significant reduction(P<0.01),at the rates 46.3%,8.54% and 19.68%respectively.(2)Compared with normal control group,Eichhornia crassipes low dose group and high dose group both improved oxygen consumption significantly(P<0.01),at rates of 10.93% and 90.38%respectively.This indicated high-dose aqueous extract of Eichhornia crassipes could fulfil actual oxygen demand of wet/cold stressed mice effectively.Inclined plate and exhaustive swimming experiments indicated that low-dose aqueous extract of Eichhornia crassipes boosted physical power significantly,as its exhaustive swimming time was increased up to 56.61%.Meanwhile,high-dose aqueous extract of Eichhornia crassipes has significant regulative effect on muscle coordination capability and motion speed,which were increased by 17.38% and 11.17%,respectively.CONCLUSION Aqueous extract of Eichhornia crassipes has definite regulative effect on the oxygen uptake capacity and motion responses of wet/cold stressed mice.Aqueous extract of Eichhornia crassipes can achieve stress protective effect by improving oxygen uptake capacity,muscle coordination capacity and motion abilities.

穿透性Schlemm管成形术治疗ARB合并慢性闭角型青光眼1例

患者,男,27岁,因“右眼视力渐降10余年,加重3个月,左眼胀痛1 d”于2021年5月11日至成都市第一人民医院眼科门诊就诊,测得右眼裸眼视力(UCVA)光感,左眼UCVA 0.6。非接触式眼压计测得右眼眼压44 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),左眼24 mmHg。门诊房角镜检查示双眼房角关闭,建议患者入院治疗,暂予以布林佐胺噻吗洛尔滴眼液、他氟前列素滴眼液滴双眼及口服醋甲唑胺降眼压。患者于2021年5月18日以“双眼慢性闭角型青光眼、双眼黄斑病变、双眼屈光不正”住院,入院追问患者既往史发现患者右眼既往有被玩具枪击中史,否认青光眼家族史。

Structural Origins for Enhanced Thermal Stability and Glass‑Forming Ability of Co–B Metallic Glasses with Y and Nb Addition

The effects of Y and Nb addition on thermal stability,glass-forming ability(GFA),and magnetic softness of Co75B25 metallic glass(MG)were comprehensively investigated.The experimental results indicated that the thermal stability,GFA,and magnetic softness of the studied MGs increase in the order Co_(75)B_(25)<Co_(73)Nb_(2)B_(25)<Co_(71.5)Y_(3.5)B_(25)<Co_(69.5)Y_(3.5)Nb_(2)B_(25).The structural origins of the improved properties were revealed by ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD)simulations and density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Results showed that the B-centered prism units are the primary structure-forming units of the four MGs,connect through vertex-,edge-,and face-shared(VS,ES,and FS)atoms,and Co-centered units tend to connect with Co/B-centered units via the intercross-shared(IS)atoms.The addition of Y and Nb not only plays the role of connecting atoms but also enhances both bond strengths and the fractions of icosahedral-like units in increasing order Co_(75)B_(25)<Co_(73)Nb_(2)B_(25)<Co_(71.5)Y_(3.5)B_(25)<Co_(69.5)Y_(3.5)Nb_(2)B_(25),which is conducive to the enhancement of the structural stability,atomic packing density,and viscosity,thereby improving thermal stability and GFA.In addition,the improvement of structural stability and homogeneity leads to enhanced magnetic softness.

密度泛函理论计算筛选锂硫电池用单原子催化剂

探索具有高催化作用的活性中心结构,对于开发锂硫电池用单原子催化剂(SACs)至关重要.基于密度泛函理论计算,本工作提出了一种新型吡咯氮配位结构,用于负载3d过渡金属原子,以设计出高性能SACs.相比于传统的吡啶氮配位结构,该吡咯氮配位结构可实现对多硫化物更高的吸附及催化转化作用,从而提升锂硫电池活性物质的利用率、循环稳定性及倍率性能.基于对不同配位结构中的金属原子d轨道与多硫化物中硫原子p轨道杂化方式的分析,本工作阐明了吡咯氮配位结构可对多硫化物实现更强吸附作用的原因.此外,采用数据驱动的研究手段,探索出影响多硫化物催化转化效率的本征因素.因此,本工作提出了新型锂硫电池用SACs活性中心结构,并揭示了SACs的性能调控机制,为锂硫电池用SACs的设计提供了新策略.

Comparable effects of Jiedu Granule, a compound Chinese herbal medicine, and sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective multicenter cohort study

Objective:Sorafenib has been extensively used for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and Chinese herbal medicine has also been used to manage advanced HCC.The present work evaluates the effectiveness and safety of Jiedu(JD)Granule,a compound of traditional Chinese herbal medicine,side-by-side with sorafenib for the treatment of advance HCC.Methods:Patients with advanced HCC receiving treatment with JD Granule or sorafenib were enrolled from December 2014 to March 2018.The primary endpoint was overall survival(OS).The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival(PFS)and safety.Propensity score matching(PSM)analysis was used to control for possible selection bias from the study group allocation process.Results:Of the 325 patients included,161 received JD Granule and 164 received sorafenib.No significant differences were found in OS or PFS among patients receiving JD Granule compared to sorafenib(P>0.05).Median OS of the two study groups was 6.83 months(95%confidence interval[CI]:5.83–9.47)in the group receiving JD Granule and 8 months(95%CI:6.67–9.80)in the group receiving sorafenib,with half-,1-and 2-year survival rates of 53.6%,31.2%and 13.2%vs 60.1%,35.5%and 14.2%,respectively.Even after PSM,the median survival time did not differ between the JD Granule group(9.03 months;95%CI:6.37–14.2)and the sorafenib group(7.93 months;95%CI:6.5–9.97),with comparable half-,1-and 2-year survival rates.The most common adverse events(AEs)were diarrhea(13.7%)and fatigue(5.6%)in the JD Granule group,and hand-foot skin reaction(46.3%)and diarrhea(36.6%)in the sorafenib group.The JD Granule was more cost-effective than sorafenib treatment for advanced HCC.Conclusion:Compared to sorafenib,JD Granule was more cost-effective and caused fewer AEs for the treatment of Chinese patients with advanced HCC.

Analysis of Non-uniform Mechanical Behavior for a Continuous Casting Mold Based on Heat Flux from Inverse Problem

The distortion of mold plates plays an important role in the formation of surface cracks on continuously cast steel products. To investigate the non-uniform distortion of a mold, a full-scale stress model of the mold was de veloped. An inverse algorithm was applied to calculate the heat flux using the temperatures measured by the thermo- couples buried inside the mold plates. Based on this, a full-scale, finite-element stress model, including four copper plates, a nickel layer and water slots in different depths, was built to determine the complex mechanical behavior of the continuous casting mold used to produce steel slabs. The heat flux calculated by the inverse algorithm was applied to the stress model to analyze the non-uniform mechanical behavior. The results showed that the stress and distortion distributions of the four copper plates were not symmetrical, which reflected the non-uniform distortion behaviors of copper plates, water slots, nickel layer and the corner region of the mold. The gap between the mold and the slab was increased because of the corner distortion, which was very important for the heat transfer of initial solidifying shell, and it may be a major reason for the slow cooling of the slab corner.

Efficient Visual Recognition:A Survey on Recent Advances and Brain-inspired Methodologies

Visual recognition is currently one of the most important and active research areas in computer vision,pattern recognition,and even the general field of artificial intelligence.It has great fundamental importance and strong industrial needs,particularly the modern deep neural networks(DNNs)and some brain-inspired methodologies,have largely boosted the recognition performance on many concrete tasks,with the help of large amounts of training data and new powerful computation resources.Although recognition accuracy is usually the first concern for new progresses,efficiency is actually rather important and sometimes critical for both academic research and industrial applications.Moreover,insightful views on the opportunities and challenges of efficiency are also highly required for the entire community.While general surveys on the efficiency issue have been done from various perspectives,as far as we are aware,scarcely any of them focused on visual recognition systematically,and thus it is unclear which progresses are applicable to it and what else should be concerned.In this survey,we present the review of recent advances with our suggestions on the new possible directions towards improving the efficiency of DNN-related and brain-inspired visual recognition approaches,including efficient network compression and dynamic brain-inspired networks.We investigate not only from the model but also from the data point of view(which is not the case in existing surveys)and focus on four typical data types(images,video,points,and events).This survey attempts to provide a systematic summary via a comprehensive survey that can serve as a valuable reference and inspire both researchers and practitioners working on visual recognition problems.

Effects of grain boundaries on irradiation-induced defects in tungsten by molecular dynamics simulations

The effects of two different symmetric tilt grain boundaries （GBs）, ∑13[001]（230） GB and ∑17[001]（140） GB, on displacement cascade processes in tungsten were investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. By quantifying the number of interstitials and vacancies surviving after irradiation with the kinetic energy of primary knock-on atom energies of 1, 3 and 5 keV, respectively, in these simulations, it is found that the GBs have dual nature for radiation-induced defects： They absorb interstitials while leaving more vacancies to survive in the grains. The net effect is that the number of total surviving defects in the GB system is not always less than that in the single crystal. These defect behaviors are understood by quantitatively analyzing the recovery fraction of irradiation-induced defects, the time to reach steady state and the mobility of vacancies and interstitials. It is also found that the ∑17 GB is a more effective sink of radiation-induced point defects than the ∑13 GB. One of the main reasons is that the ∑17 GB has a higher GB energy.

Thermal conductivity prediction of MgAl2O4:a non-equilibrium molecular dynamics calculation

Magnesium aluminate spinel(MgAl2O4)is widely used in steel metallurgy industry.Thermal conductivity at high temperature signifcantly infuences the cooling process of blast furnace and the heat preservation of steel converter.The efect of external(temperature)and internal(antisite defect and grain boundary)factors on the thermal conductivity of MgAl2O4 was studied with non-equilibrium molecular dynamics.The main factors afecting the thermal conductivity of MgAl2O4 were summarized.In the temperature range of 100-2000 K,the results showed that the thermal conductivity of MgAl2O4 changed from 11.54 to 4.95 W/(m K)with the increase in temperature and was relatively stable at the temperature above 1000 K.The thermal conductivity of MgAl2O4 declined frst and then rose with the increase in the antisite defects,and the minimum value was 6.95 W/(m K)at the inversion parameter i=0.35.In addition,grain boundaries reduced the thermal conductivity of MgAl2O4 by 20%-30%at temperature below 1000 K comparing with the non-grain boundary system.The grain boundary rotation angle at temperature above 1000 K had less efect on the thermal conductivity than that below 1000 K.Present simulation scheme for thermal conductivity of MgAl2O4 can also be applied to the study of other nonmetallic ceramics.

Non-uniform shrinkage analysis of round billet using element-free Galerkin method

An element-free Galerkin thermal–mechanical calculation model for the solidification and shrinkage of round billet was established.The non-uniform heat flux measured in the plant trial was used as the boundary condition to simulate and analyze the deformation of solidified shell.The results indicate that the maximum and minimum shrinkages of the round billet at mold outlet are 0.78 and 0.21 mm,respectively,with apparent non-uniform characteristic.The local high-heat-flux region substantially dominates the non-uniformity of shell shrinkage,and the larger shrinkage usually derives from the high heat flux between the solidified shell and the mold in the circumferential direction.Also,the shrinkage on the shell surface has an immediate connection with the equivalent stress.Specifically,the shrinkage is more closely related to the radial stress component than the circumferential stress component.

Mold breakout prediction based on computer vision and machine learning

Breakout is the most serious production accident in continuous casting and must be detected and predicted by stable and reliable methods.The sticking region,which forms on the local copper plate and expanded into a"V"shape,is the typical precursor of breakout.Therefore,computer vision technology was exploited to visualize the temperature change rate of the copper plate based on the temperature signals from thermocouples;then,the static and dynamic features of the abnormal sticking region were extracted.Meanwhile,logistic regression and Adaboost models were used to study and identify these features,resulting in the development of a mold breakout prediction model based on computer vision and machine learning.The test results demonstrate that the proposed model can effectively distinguish anomalous temperature patterns and considerably reduce false alarms without any missing reports.As a result,the proposed method could offer valuable insights into the realm of abnormality detection and prediction during continuous casting process.