不同血液净化模式对终末期肾病患者的自身免疫、炎症应激及生活质量的影响

目的探讨在不同血液净化模式下,患者体内免疫细胞、炎症因子、生存质量变化情况及与其之间的关系。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2015年6月-2016年6月在该院肾内科血液净化中心的终末期肾病(ESRD)患者138例。其中82例为血液透析(HD)组,39例为高通量血液透析(HFHD)组,17例为血液透析滤过(HDF)组。血液净化6个月前后,采用流式细胞仪、细胞生物法、酶联免疫吸附法检测3组患者的免疫细胞(CD4^+,CD8^+,CD25^+,CD4^+/CD8^+)百分比、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、可溶性白细胞介素2受体(s IL-2R)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)血清含量及生存质量(SF-36)评分,比较血液净化前后自身及各组间的变化。结果血液净化6个月后,3组患者体内免疫细胞、炎症因子除CD8^+、TNF-α外,其余免疫细胞(CD4^+,CD25^+,CD4^+/CD8^+)含量、炎症因子(CRP、s IL-2R、IL-6)水平及生存质量各维度评分及总评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与HD组相比,HDF组、HFHD组患者体内免疫细胞含量升高、炎症因子水平降低、生存质量各维度评分及总评分升高;其中HFHD组患者体内免疫细胞含量及生存质量各维度评分和总评分升高幅度最大,与HDF组比较,差异有统计学意义,HDF组患者体内炎症因子下降幅度最大,与HFHD组相比,差异无统计学意义。3组患者免疫细胞含量、炎症因子水平、生存质量各维度评分及总评分自身前后比较,除HD组自身前后差别无统计学意义外,其余两组HDF组、HFHD组患者自身前后比较均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析显示:免疫细胞、炎症因子与HD组患者生存质量评分无关;HFHD组和HDF组免疫细胞除CD8^+外,其余与其生存质量呈正相关,炎症因子除TNF-α外,其余与其生存质量呈负相关。结论 HDF、HFHD均可升高患者体内免疫细胞含量,降低炎症因子水平,提高患者生存质量,以HFHD效果较佳。

Assessment of renal function and oxidative stress after alprostadil combined with valsartan treatment of early diabetic nephropathy

Objective:To analyze the renal function and oxidative stress after alprostadil combined with valsartan treatment of early diabetic nephropathy.Methods:A total of 230 patients with early diabetic nephropathy who were treated in our hospital between December 2011 and December 2015 were divided into control group (n=115) and observation group (n=115) according to random number table. Control group received valsartan treatment, observation group received alprostadil combined with valsartan treatment, and both lasted for one month. After treatment, renal blood flow parameters were evaluated by ultrasound contrast technique, renal function index levels in peripheral blood and urine were measured, and serum levels of oxidative stress indexes were detected.Results:After 1 month of treatment, area under curve (AUC) and time to peak (TTP) levels under ultrasound contrast of observation group were lower than those of control group while derived peak intensity (DPI) level was higher than that of control group;peripheral blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr) levels of observation group were lower than those of control group, albumin (Alb) level was higher than that of control group, and urine red blood cell (RBC) level was lower than that of control group;serum oxidative stress indexes malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels of observation group were lower than those of control group while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels were higher than those of control group.Conclusion: Alprostadil combined with valsartan can optimize renal function and reduce systemic oxidative stress in patients with early diabetic nephropathy.

Effect of hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion on dialysis efficiency, lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis in patients with uremia

Objective:To study the effect of hemodialysis (HD) combined with hemoperfusion (HP) on dialysis efficiency, lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis in patients with uremia.Methods:A total of 70 patients with uremia who were treated in our hospital between March 2013 and October 2015 were collected and divided into observation group and control group (n=35) according to double-blind randomized control method. Observation group of patients received hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion, control group of patients received hemodialysis alone, and the treatment lasted for 6 months. After 6 months of intervention, automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect renal function indexes and lipid metabolism indexes, and the two-dimensional ultrasound was used to quantitatively determine the carotid atherosclerosis parameters.Results:Before intervention, differences in renal function, lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis levels were not statistically significant between two groups of patients;after 6 months of intervention, renal function indexes blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr),β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and blood uric acid (BUA) levels of observation group were lower than those of control group, lipid metabolism indexes total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels were lower than those of control group, and differences between groups were statistically significant;quantitative carotid ultrasound parameters gray-scale median (GSM) of observation group was higher than that of control group, enhanced intensity (EI) and enhanced density (ED) were lower than those of control group, and differences between groups were statistically significant.Conclusion:Hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion can improve the dialysis efficiency, also reduce lipid metabolism disturbance and delay the formation of atherosclerosis in patients with uremia.