Multifunctional electroactive bio-adhesive for robustly-integrated wound therapy and postoperative wound-status warning and assessment

Wound abnormalities such as secondary wound laceration and inflammation are common postoperative health hazards during clinical procedures.The continuous treatment,healing induction,and real-time visualization of wound status and complications,including wound re-tearing,inflammation,and morphology,are key focal points for comprehensive healthcare.Herein,an on-demand quadruple energy dissipative strategy was proposed for the nanoengineering of a physically and chemically synergistic double-layer gelatin-based bio-adhesive(DLGel)by combining a multi-network adhesive layer and a versatile electroactive energy dissipative layer based on contrivable interlocking micro-pillar arrays and crosslinked polymer chains.The subtly multiple energy dissipation designs enable DLGel with robust adhesive strength to omnipotently wet and dynamic tissue,providing a basis for reliable wound closure.DLGel achieves comprehensive wound-healing induction through electrical stimulation and possesses reversible underwater light/thermal adhesion,excellent hemostatic performance,outstanding antimicrobial properties,and self-repair capability.Furthermore,a novel deep-learning strategy is creatively established to respond to mechanical deformation due to wound anomalies.This strategy translates biological information into visual graphics,providing real-time early warning and assessment of postoperative wound-abnormality/-morphology,such as laceration,inflammation,and necrosis.Therefore,DLGel and its associated signal collection and processing protocol enable the integration of reliable wound closure,wound healing,and real-time postoperative wound-status warning and assessment within the unobservable and undetectable“black box”regions in a context of non-clinical comprehensive therapy.

Electrochemical biomaterials for self-powered implantable“tissue batteries”:A tutorial review

Currently,due to improvements in living standards,people are paying more attention to all-around disease prevention and health care.Self-powered implantable“tissue batteries”integrated with electrochemical materials are essential for disease prevention,diagnosis,treatment,postoperative therapy,and healthcare applications.We propose and define new concepts of“tissue batteries”-self-powered tissue batteries(SPTBs)-are flexible self-powered implantable systems or platforms based on electroactive biomaterials,acting at the interface of biological tissue.Based on the electrical phenomenon of living organisms in life activities,there has been an increased attention to SPTBs for tissue repair promotion.SPTBs take advantages of both the preeminent biocompatibility of biomaterials and the promotion of time-honored electrical stimulation therapy for tissue recovery,which are very promising for human illness treatment.However,studies on clinical applications of SPTBs are impeded by a lack of comprehensive cognitive assessment of SPTBs.Herein,SPTBs for life and health applications are comprehensively reviewed.First,electrochemical materials and their across-the-board applications for several types of SPTBs are introduced and compared with regard to disease prevention,diagnosis,precision therapy,and personalized health monitoring.Then,the potential mechanisms for SPTBs for tissue repair promotion are discussed.Finally,the prospective challenges are summarized and recommendations for future research are provided.This review elucidates on the significance and versatility of SPTBs for various medical applications.

Leather for flexible multifunctional bio-based materials: a review

Nowadays, diverse leather usage conditions and increasing demands from consumers challenge the leather industry. Traditional leather manufacturing is facing long-term challenges, including low-value threshold, confined applica-tion fields, and environmental issues. Leather inherits all the biomimetic properties of natural skin such as flexibility, sanitation, cold resistance, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and other cross-domain functions, achieving unre-mitting attention in multi-functional bio-based materials. Series of researches have been devoted to creating and developing leather-based flexible multi-functional bio-materials, including antibacterial leather, conductive leather, flame-retardant leather, self-cleaning leather, aromatic leather, and electromagnetic shielding leather. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the commonly used leather-based functional materials. Furthermore, the possible challenges for the development of functional leathers are proposed, and expected development directions of leather-based functional materials are discussed. This review may promote and inspire the emerging preparation and applications of leather for flexible functional bio-based materials.