Energy crops play a vital role in meeting future energy and chemical demands while addressing climate change.However,the idealization of lowcarbon workflows and careful consideration of cost-benefit equations are cruc...Energy crops play a vital role in meeting future energy and chemical demands while addressing climate change.However,the idealization of lowcarbon workflows and careful consideration of cost-benefit equations are crucial for their more sustainable implementation.Here,we propose tobacco as a promising energy crop because of its exceptional water solubility,mainly attributed to a high proportion of water-soluble carbohydrates and nitrogen,less lignocellulose,and the presence of acids.We then designed a strategy that maximizes biomass conversion into bio-based products while minimizing energy and material inputs.By autoclaving tobacco leaves in water,we obtained a nutrient-rich medium capable of supporting the growth of microorganisms and the production of bioproducts without the need for extensive pretreatment,hydrolysis,or additional supplements.Additionally,cultivating tobacco on barren lands can generate sufficient biomass to produce approximately 573 billion gallons of ethanol per year.This approach also leads to a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 76%compared to traditional corn stover during biorefinery processes.Therefore,our study presents a novel and direct strategy that could significantly contribute to the goal of reducing carbon emissions and global sustainable development compared to traditional methods.展开更多
Objective： To assess the therapeutic results of open reduction and internal fixation with crossed K-wires via lateral approach for displaced supracondvlar fractures of the humerus in children. Methods： We prospecti...Objective： To assess the therapeutic results of open reduction and internal fixation with crossed K-wires via lateral approach for displaced supracondvlar fractures of the humerus in children. Methods： We prospectively followed 52 children who presented with Gartland type 3 displaced supraeondylar fractures of the humerus and were managed by open reduction and internal fixation with crossed K-wires via lateral approach.There were 37 male and 15 female patients; average age was 7.39 years. The most common mechanism of trauma was fall while playing （n=23）, followed by fall from height （n=20）, road traffic accidents （n-5） and fall from standing height （n=2）. In 2 cases, mode of injury was not available. The mean follow-up was 12 months and patients were assessed according to Flynn＇s criteria. Results： Lateral approach provided an excellent view of the lateral column between two nervous planes and enabled an anatomical reduction in all cases. Immobilizing the elbow at 90 degrees or more of flexion was not needed after cross K-wire fixation. Majority of patients regained full range of motion within 6 weeks of pin removal. Two patients had postoperative ulnar nerve injuries that resolved after pin removal. The common late complication of cubitus varus was not seen in any patient. Delayed presentation to the emergency department, repeated manipulations by bone setters and massage with edible oil were responsible for stiffness in 5 patients. Superficial pin tract infection was noted in 5 patients that resolved with dressings and antibiotics. No deep infection occurred. A detailed clinical examination and radiographic analysis was done at final follow-up. They included measurement of carrying angle and range of movements of both operated and normal sides, and radiographs of both upper limbs for comparison. According to Flynn＇s criteria, 90.4% patients showed satisfactory results. Conclusion： Lateral approach for open reduction and internal fixation of the widely-displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus is safe and straightforward, ensuring anatomical reduction and excellent function. The approach is easy and familiar to most orthopedic surgeons in our setup.展开更多
A new metabolite,named seimatoric acid（1）,representing a new oxobutanoic acid derivative has been isolated from Seimatosporium sp., in addition to four known compounds viz.,2-hydroxymethyl-4β,5α,6β-trihydroxycycl...A new metabolite,named seimatoric acid（1）,representing a new oxobutanoic acid derivative has been isolated from Seimatosporium sp., in addition to four known compounds viz.,2-hydroxymethyl-4β,5α,6β-trihydroxycyclohex-2-enone（2）,（-）-phyllostine（3）,（＋）-epiepoxydon（4） and（＋）-epoxydon monoacetate（5）.Similarly one new benzoic acid derivative,named colletonoic acid（6） was isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Colletotrichum sp.The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by detailed ^1 H NMR,^13C NMR,COSY,HMQC.HMBC spectroscopic analysis,and HR-E1-MS.Seimatoric acid（1）was also isolated from another taxonomical unidentified fungal strain 4295 in ourgroup.The structures of the known compounds were elucidated by their spectral data comparison to literature data.Preliminary studies showed that colletonoic acid（6） showed good antibacterial,antifungal,and antialgal activities.展开更多
Microplastics are a highly concerning pollutant that have gained attention from the scientific community and other regulatory authorities due to their potential risks to organisms and ecosystems.Microplastics are wide...Microplastics are a highly concerning pollutant that have gained attention from the scientific community and other regulatory authorities due to their potential risks to organisms and ecosystems.Microplastics are widespread in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and can be found even in Antarctica and deep-sea sediments.The ability to survive for long periods in the environment and their aptitude of inter-and intra-environmental translocation can prompt poor environmental outcomes.The adsorption of heavy metals and other toxic persistent organic pollutants is a further cause for concern.Furthermore,microplastics enable the development of a distinct microbial niche within an ecosystem,which could potentially impair ecosystem function by promoting the growth of selective microbial communities.The acquisition of metal-resistant,antibiotic-resistant genes,and the enrichment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria on microplastic surfaces have recently been reported.Moreover,some studies have also reported the colonizahon of pathogenic bacterial strains such as Vibrio spp.on microplastic surfaces.This review aims to address the sources of microplastic pollution in the freshwater and marine environments and to discuss their potential functions in the environment.展开更多
基金financial supports from the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(numbers ZR2020JQ11 and ZR2023QC246)the Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory Open Project(number QNESL OP202308)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(numbers NSF32170084 and NSF32170387)Young Taishan Scholars(number TSQN201909159)the Novo Nordisk Fonden(number NNF20CC0035580)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(number ASTIP-TRIC02)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(number Y2021063).
文摘Energy crops play a vital role in meeting future energy and chemical demands while addressing climate change.However,the idealization of lowcarbon workflows and careful consideration of cost-benefit equations are crucial for their more sustainable implementation.Here,we propose tobacco as a promising energy crop because of its exceptional water solubility,mainly attributed to a high proportion of water-soluble carbohydrates and nitrogen,less lignocellulose,and the presence of acids.We then designed a strategy that maximizes biomass conversion into bio-based products while minimizing energy and material inputs.By autoclaving tobacco leaves in water,we obtained a nutrient-rich medium capable of supporting the growth of microorganisms and the production of bioproducts without the need for extensive pretreatment,hydrolysis,or additional supplements.Additionally,cultivating tobacco on barren lands can generate sufficient biomass to produce approximately 573 billion gallons of ethanol per year.This approach also leads to a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 76%compared to traditional corn stover during biorefinery processes.Therefore,our study presents a novel and direct strategy that could significantly contribute to the goal of reducing carbon emissions and global sustainable development compared to traditional methods.
文摘Objective： To assess the therapeutic results of open reduction and internal fixation with crossed K-wires via lateral approach for displaced supracondvlar fractures of the humerus in children. Methods： We prospectively followed 52 children who presented with Gartland type 3 displaced supraeondylar fractures of the humerus and were managed by open reduction and internal fixation with crossed K-wires via lateral approach.There were 37 male and 15 female patients; average age was 7.39 years. The most common mechanism of trauma was fall while playing （n=23）, followed by fall from height （n=20）, road traffic accidents （n-5） and fall from standing height （n=2）. In 2 cases, mode of injury was not available. The mean follow-up was 12 months and patients were assessed according to Flynn＇s criteria. Results： Lateral approach provided an excellent view of the lateral column between two nervous planes and enabled an anatomical reduction in all cases. Immobilizing the elbow at 90 degrees or more of flexion was not needed after cross K-wire fixation. Majority of patients regained full range of motion within 6 weeks of pin removal. Two patients had postoperative ulnar nerve injuries that resolved after pin removal. The common late complication of cubitus varus was not seen in any patient. Delayed presentation to the emergency department, repeated manipulations by bone setters and massage with edible oil were responsible for stiffness in 5 patients. Superficial pin tract infection was noted in 5 patients that resolved with dressings and antibiotics. No deep infection occurred. A detailed clinical examination and radiographic analysis was done at final follow-up. They included measurement of carrying angle and range of movements of both operated and normal sides, and radiographs of both upper limbs for comparison. According to Flynn＇s criteria, 90.4% patients showed satisfactory results. Conclusion： Lateral approach for open reduction and internal fixation of the widely-displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus is safe and straightforward, ensuring anatomical reduction and excellent function. The approach is easy and familiar to most orthopedic surgeons in our setup.
基金BASF AG and the BMBF(Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung,No.03F0360A)
文摘A new metabolite,named seimatoric acid（1）,representing a new oxobutanoic acid derivative has been isolated from Seimatosporium sp., in addition to four known compounds viz.,2-hydroxymethyl-4β,5α,6β-trihydroxycyclohex-2-enone（2）,（-）-phyllostine（3）,（＋）-epiepoxydon（4） and（＋）-epoxydon monoacetate（5）.Similarly one new benzoic acid derivative,named colletonoic acid（6） was isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Colletotrichum sp.The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by detailed ^1 H NMR,^13C NMR,COSY,HMQC.HMBC spectroscopic analysis,and HR-E1-MS.Seimatoric acid（1）was also isolated from another taxonomical unidentified fungal strain 4295 in ourgroup.The structures of the known compounds were elucidated by their spectral data comparison to literature data.Preliminary studies showed that colletonoic acid（6） showed good antibacterial,antifungal,and antialgal activities.
基金Ack no wledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.91951205,31850410475)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(no.2018M643294)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation.China(no.2020A1515011139)。
文摘Microplastics are a highly concerning pollutant that have gained attention from the scientific community and other regulatory authorities due to their potential risks to organisms and ecosystems.Microplastics are widespread in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and can be found even in Antarctica and deep-sea sediments.The ability to survive for long periods in the environment and their aptitude of inter-and intra-environmental translocation can prompt poor environmental outcomes.The adsorption of heavy metals and other toxic persistent organic pollutants is a further cause for concern.Furthermore,microplastics enable the development of a distinct microbial niche within an ecosystem,which could potentially impair ecosystem function by promoting the growth of selective microbial communities.The acquisition of metal-resistant,antibiotic-resistant genes,and the enrichment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria on microplastic surfaces have recently been reported.Moreover,some studies have also reported the colonizahon of pathogenic bacterial strains such as Vibrio spp.on microplastic surfaces.This review aims to address the sources of microplastic pollution in the freshwater and marine environments and to discuss their potential functions in the environment.
