Mesenchymal stem cells, due to their characteristics are ideal candidates for cellular therapy. Currently, in culture these cells are defined by their adherence to plastic, specific surface antigen expression and mult...Mesenchymal stem cells, due to their characteristics are ideal candidates for cellular therapy. Currently, in culture these cells are defined by their adherence to plastic, specific surface antigen expression and multipotent differentiation potential. However, the in vivo identification of mesenchymal stem cells, before culture, is not so well established. Pre-culture identification markers would ensure higher purity than that obtained with selection based on adherence to plastic. Up until now, CD271 has been described as the most specific marker for the characterization andpurification of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. This marker has been shown to be specifically expressed by these cells. Thus, CD271 has been proposed as a versatile marker to selectively isolated and expand multipotent mesenchymal stem cells with both immunosuppressive and lymphohematopoietic engraftment-promoting properties. This review focuses on this marker, specifically on identification of mesenchymal stem cells from different tissues. Literature revision suggests that CD271 should not be defined as a universal marker to identify mesenchymal stem cells before culture from different sources. In the case of bone marrow or adipose tissue, CD271 could be considered a quite suitable marker; however this marker seems to be inadequate for the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from other tissues such as umbilical cord blood or wharton's jelly among others.展开更多
Since the introduction of cell therapy as a strategy for the treatment of many diseases,mesenchymal stem cells have emerged as ideal candidates,yet the underlying mechanisms of their beneficial effects are only partia...Since the introduction of cell therapy as a strategy for the treatment of many diseases,mesenchymal stem cells have emerged as ideal candidates,yet the underlying mechanisms of their beneficial effects are only partially understood.At the start of the 21st century,a paracrine effect was proposed as a mechanism of tissue repair by these cells.In addition,a role was suggested for a heterogeneous population of extracellular vesicles in cell-to-cell communication.Some of these vesicles including exosomes have been isolated from most fluids and cells,as well as from supernatants of in vitro cell cultures.Recent research in the field of regenerative medicine suggests that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells could be a powerful new therapeutic tool.This review examines the therapeutic potential of these exosomes obtained from the sources most used in cell therapy:bone marrow,adipose tissue,and umbilical cord.展开更多
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells, due to their characteristics are ideal candidates for cellular therapy. Currently, in culture these cells are defined by their adherence to plastic, specific surface antigen expression and multipotent differentiation potential. However, the in vivo identification of mesenchymal stem cells, before culture, is not so well established. Pre-culture identification markers would ensure higher purity than that obtained with selection based on adherence to plastic. Up until now, CD271 has been described as the most specific marker for the characterization andpurification of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. This marker has been shown to be specifically expressed by these cells. Thus, CD271 has been proposed as a versatile marker to selectively isolated and expand multipotent mesenchymal stem cells with both immunosuppressive and lymphohematopoietic engraftment-promoting properties. This review focuses on this marker, specifically on identification of mesenchymal stem cells from different tissues. Literature revision suggests that CD271 should not be defined as a universal marker to identify mesenchymal stem cells before culture from different sources. In the case of bone marrow or adipose tissue, CD271 could be considered a quite suitable marker; however this marker seems to be inadequate for the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from other tissues such as umbilical cord blood or wharton's jelly among others.
文摘Since the introduction of cell therapy as a strategy for the treatment of many diseases,mesenchymal stem cells have emerged as ideal candidates,yet the underlying mechanisms of their beneficial effects are only partially understood.At the start of the 21st century,a paracrine effect was proposed as a mechanism of tissue repair by these cells.In addition,a role was suggested for a heterogeneous population of extracellular vesicles in cell-to-cell communication.Some of these vesicles including exosomes have been isolated from most fluids and cells,as well as from supernatants of in vitro cell cultures.Recent research in the field of regenerative medicine suggests that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells could be a powerful new therapeutic tool.This review examines the therapeutic potential of these exosomes obtained from the sources most used in cell therapy:bone marrow,adipose tissue,and umbilical cord.
