Synthetic dyes are recalcitrant to degradation and toxic to different organisms. Physical-chemical treatments of textile wastewaters are not sustainable in terms of costs. Biological treatments can be more convenient ...Synthetic dyes are recalcitrant to degradation and toxic to different organisms. Physical-chemical treatments of textile wastewaters are not sustainable in terms of costs. Biological treatments can be more convenient and the lig-nin-degrading extracellular enzymatic battery of basidiomycetes are capable to discolor synthetic dyes. Many basidi-omycetes are edible mushrooms whose industrial production generates significant amount of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) with residual high levels of lignin-degrading extracellular enzymatic activities. We have demon-strated that the low cost organic substrate, the SMS deriving from the cultivation of the basidiomycetes Pleurotus ostreatus, is able to discolor anthraquinonic, diazo and monoazo-dyes when incubated in dying chromo-reactive and chromo-acid baths containing surfactants and anti-foams, where the concentrations of the different dyes are exceeding the one recovered in the corresponding wastewaters. Laccase was the lignin-degrading extracellular enzyme involved in the discolouring process. The exploitation of the low cost SMS in the treatment of textile wastewaters is proposed. Accordingly, a toxicological assessment, based on a cyto-toxicity test on a human amnion epithelial cell line (WISH) and the estimation of the germination index (GI%) of Lactuca sativa, Cucumis sativus and Sorghum bicolor, has been performed, showing the loss of toxicity of the chromo-baths after being discoloured by the SMS.展开更多
Ruptured aortic aneurysm has a surgical mortality ranging from 50%-70%, one of the highest rates of all vascular emergencies [1-5]. Less invasive approaches to repair have been developed that could potentially improve...Ruptured aortic aneurysm has a surgical mortality ranging from 50%-70%, one of the highest rates of all vascular emergencies [1-5]. Less invasive approaches to repair have been developed that could potentially improve these statistics [1,5-7]. Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a minimally invasive approach that may be an alternative to open surgical repair for select cases of ruptured aortic aneurysms [1,5]. Unfortunately, the role of EVAR in patients with acute rupture of an abdominal aneurysm is not clear, especially for patients that are hemodynamically unstable [1,8-10]. The literature is limited regarding use of EVAR in this population of patients. We present a case of the successful use of EVAR for an emergent repair in a hypotensive hemodynamically unstable patient with an acutely ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).展开更多
文摘Synthetic dyes are recalcitrant to degradation and toxic to different organisms. Physical-chemical treatments of textile wastewaters are not sustainable in terms of costs. Biological treatments can be more convenient and the lig-nin-degrading extracellular enzymatic battery of basidiomycetes are capable to discolor synthetic dyes. Many basidi-omycetes are edible mushrooms whose industrial production generates significant amount of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) with residual high levels of lignin-degrading extracellular enzymatic activities. We have demon-strated that the low cost organic substrate, the SMS deriving from the cultivation of the basidiomycetes Pleurotus ostreatus, is able to discolor anthraquinonic, diazo and monoazo-dyes when incubated in dying chromo-reactive and chromo-acid baths containing surfactants and anti-foams, where the concentrations of the different dyes are exceeding the one recovered in the corresponding wastewaters. Laccase was the lignin-degrading extracellular enzyme involved in the discolouring process. The exploitation of the low cost SMS in the treatment of textile wastewaters is proposed. Accordingly, a toxicological assessment, based on a cyto-toxicity test on a human amnion epithelial cell line (WISH) and the estimation of the germination index (GI%) of Lactuca sativa, Cucumis sativus and Sorghum bicolor, has been performed, showing the loss of toxicity of the chromo-baths after being discoloured by the SMS.
文摘Ruptured aortic aneurysm has a surgical mortality ranging from 50%-70%, one of the highest rates of all vascular emergencies [1-5]. Less invasive approaches to repair have been developed that could potentially improve these statistics [1,5-7]. Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a minimally invasive approach that may be an alternative to open surgical repair for select cases of ruptured aortic aneurysms [1,5]. Unfortunately, the role of EVAR in patients with acute rupture of an abdominal aneurysm is not clear, especially for patients that are hemodynamically unstable [1,8-10]. The literature is limited regarding use of EVAR in this population of patients. We present a case of the successful use of EVAR for an emergent repair in a hypotensive hemodynamically unstable patient with an acutely ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).
