The hepatoprotective potential of earthworm extract (EE) (Lampito mauritii, Kinberg) was evaluated against paracetamol-induced liver injury in Wistar albino rat, in comparison with silymarin, the standard hepatoprotec...The hepatoprotective potential of earthworm extract (EE) (Lampito mauritii, Kinberg) was evaluated against paracetamol-induced liver injury in Wistar albino rat, in comparison with silymarin, the standard hepatoprotective drug. We observed a reduction in liver antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) and in serum total protein, and an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum aspertate aminotranferase (AST), serum alanine aminotranferase (ALT), bilirubin and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) due to liver injury in the paracetamol-administered rats (2 g/kg). On the contrary, increased activities of liver GSH, SOD, GPx, CAT and serum total protein level, and decrease in the contents of serum ALP, AST, ALT, bilirubin and liver TBARS were observed in rats administered with different doses of EE (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg), which are similar to the activities of hepato-protective drug silymarin (150 mg/kg). The mode of action of EE as evidenced by the above parameters may suggest that EE, on the one hand, prevents the formation of the reactive oxygen groups, or scavenges these groups, thereby preventing the damage on the hepatic cells, and, on the other hand, modulates the genes responsible for synthesis of antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, CAT and SOD in liver tissue and decreases the serum enzymatic activities such as ALP, AST and ALT.展开更多
The use of alternative therapeutic approaches in advanced carcinogenesis is a growing investigative base.One such cancer,primary liver cancer,is one of the most commonly occurring cancers worldwide and often presents ...The use of alternative therapeutic approaches in advanced carcinogenesis is a growing investigative base.One such cancer,primary liver cancer,is one of the most commonly occurring cancers worldwide and often presents in late stage disease consequently preventing traditional curative modalities.As a result,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),representing the majority of primary liver cancer,is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally.Survival rates are linked to stage of presentation as well as concomitant cirrhosis limiting the 5-year survival in these patients to<20%.Alternative strategies are in dire need as patients in this cohort have limited palliative options.Currently,sorafenib is the only approved systemic therapy;however,it has a limited survival advantage and low effi cacy prompting the empirical need for further evaluation.Understanding of cancer therapy has led to an enhanced focus on the Notch pathway as a potential target for advanced HCC.Notch signaling is a critical component of development and cell fate and has been linked to various modalities including liver regeneration and as a key driver in carcinogenesis.In this review,we will provide a review of the current status of the Notch signaling in liver cancer and of Notch as an alternative potential strategy for advanced HCC.展开更多
文摘The hepatoprotective potential of earthworm extract (EE) (Lampito mauritii, Kinberg) was evaluated against paracetamol-induced liver injury in Wistar albino rat, in comparison with silymarin, the standard hepatoprotective drug. We observed a reduction in liver antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) and in serum total protein, and an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum aspertate aminotranferase (AST), serum alanine aminotranferase (ALT), bilirubin and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) due to liver injury in the paracetamol-administered rats (2 g/kg). On the contrary, increased activities of liver GSH, SOD, GPx, CAT and serum total protein level, and decrease in the contents of serum ALP, AST, ALT, bilirubin and liver TBARS were observed in rats administered with different doses of EE (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg), which are similar to the activities of hepato-protective drug silymarin (150 mg/kg). The mode of action of EE as evidenced by the above parameters may suggest that EE, on the one hand, prevents the formation of the reactive oxygen groups, or scavenges these groups, thereby preventing the damage on the hepatic cells, and, on the other hand, modulates the genes responsible for synthesis of antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, CAT and SOD in liver tissue and decreases the serum enzymatic activities such as ALP, AST and ALT.
基金This review was supported by the Medical College of Wisconsin Dean’s Development Program,the Medical College of Wisconsin Research Affairs Committee,the Medical College of Wisconsin Digestive Disease Center Fund,and the Froedtert Hospital Foundation.
文摘The use of alternative therapeutic approaches in advanced carcinogenesis is a growing investigative base.One such cancer,primary liver cancer,is one of the most commonly occurring cancers worldwide and often presents in late stage disease consequently preventing traditional curative modalities.As a result,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),representing the majority of primary liver cancer,is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally.Survival rates are linked to stage of presentation as well as concomitant cirrhosis limiting the 5-year survival in these patients to<20%.Alternative strategies are in dire need as patients in this cohort have limited palliative options.Currently,sorafenib is the only approved systemic therapy;however,it has a limited survival advantage and low effi cacy prompting the empirical need for further evaluation.Understanding of cancer therapy has led to an enhanced focus on the Notch pathway as a potential target for advanced HCC.Notch signaling is a critical component of development and cell fate and has been linked to various modalities including liver regeneration and as a key driver in carcinogenesis.In this review,we will provide a review of the current status of the Notch signaling in liver cancer and of Notch as an alternative potential strategy for advanced HCC.
