The aim of this manuscript is to review the action and adverse effects of combined oral contraceptives(COCs) on ocular tissues.The percentage of unwanted pregnancies and the subsequent abortions make contraception cru...The aim of this manuscript is to review the action and adverse effects of combined oral contraceptives(COCs) on ocular tissues.The percentage of unwanted pregnancies and the subsequent abortions make contraception crucial worldwide.Over 100 million women around the world use common contraceptive methods,including intrauterine devices,combined estrogen and progestin oral contraceptives,as well as progestin only preparations(oral contraceptives,implants or injections).COCs are widely used for contraception,but they are also indicated in menorrhagia,endometriosis,acne and hirsutism,fibroid uterus and premenstrual syndrome.However,they have been associated with high rates of cardiovascular events,venous thromboembolic disease,ischemic strokes and breast cancer.The incidence of COCs-related ocular complications is estimated to be 1 in 230 000,including dry eye symptoms,corneal edema,lens opacities and retinal neuro-ophthalmologic or vascular complications.We may infer that the serious ocular complications of COCs can be prevented by eliminating the estrogen dosage and choosing third-generation progestins.In any case,doctors should take into consideration the systemic and ocular history of the patients before selecting any method of contraception.展开更多
Background:Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness among working-age people worldwide.The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of a carotenoid supplementation on retinal thi...Background:Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness among working-age people worldwide.The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of a carotenoid supplementation on retinal thickness and macular function of patients with diabetes using optical coherence tomography(OCT)and multifocal electroretinography(mfERG).Methods:A retrospective study of one hundred and twenty eyes of sixty patients age between 40 and 60 years with non-insulin dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus without diabetic retinopathy who underwent OCT and mfERG and took vitamin supplements for a period of two years.Patients received a carotenoid supplement containing lutein(10 mg),zeaxanthin(2 mg)and meso-zeaxanthin(10 mg)once a day for two years.The thickness of the fovea was evaluated using OCT and the macular function was tested by mfERG.Results:OCT showed an increase in the central foveal thickness and mfERG revealed increased retinal response density within the central 13°surrounding the fovea(rings 1 to 3)at two years after the onset of carotenoids supplement intake.Conclusion:The use of carotenoid supplements may be of benefit for improving visual function of type 2 diabetes patients.However,further study is needed to assess the treatment’s long-term efficacy.展开更多
文摘The aim of this manuscript is to review the action and adverse effects of combined oral contraceptives(COCs) on ocular tissues.The percentage of unwanted pregnancies and the subsequent abortions make contraception crucial worldwide.Over 100 million women around the world use common contraceptive methods,including intrauterine devices,combined estrogen and progestin oral contraceptives,as well as progestin only preparations(oral contraceptives,implants or injections).COCs are widely used for contraception,but they are also indicated in menorrhagia,endometriosis,acne and hirsutism,fibroid uterus and premenstrual syndrome.However,they have been associated with high rates of cardiovascular events,venous thromboembolic disease,ischemic strokes and breast cancer.The incidence of COCs-related ocular complications is estimated to be 1 in 230 000,including dry eye symptoms,corneal edema,lens opacities and retinal neuro-ophthalmologic or vascular complications.We may infer that the serious ocular complications of COCs can be prevented by eliminating the estrogen dosage and choosing third-generation progestins.In any case,doctors should take into consideration the systemic and ocular history of the patients before selecting any method of contraception.
文摘Background:Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness among working-age people worldwide.The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of a carotenoid supplementation on retinal thickness and macular function of patients with diabetes using optical coherence tomography(OCT)and multifocal electroretinography(mfERG).Methods:A retrospective study of one hundred and twenty eyes of sixty patients age between 40 and 60 years with non-insulin dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus without diabetic retinopathy who underwent OCT and mfERG and took vitamin supplements for a period of two years.Patients received a carotenoid supplement containing lutein(10 mg),zeaxanthin(2 mg)and meso-zeaxanthin(10 mg)once a day for two years.The thickness of the fovea was evaluated using OCT and the macular function was tested by mfERG.Results:OCT showed an increase in the central foveal thickness and mfERG revealed increased retinal response density within the central 13°surrounding the fovea(rings 1 to 3)at two years after the onset of carotenoids supplement intake.Conclusion:The use of carotenoid supplements may be of benefit for improving visual function of type 2 diabetes patients.However,further study is needed to assess the treatment’s long-term efficacy.
