石英胶结物中流体包裹体温度再调整的证据

在北海油田储集砂岩中,石英是主要的孔隙充填胶结物。曾认为,流体包裹体的均一温度(T_h)代表寄主石英生长时的温度。然而,碎屑颗粒-加大边交界处的早期成岩包裹体具有很高的古温度,它与由胶结深度计算出的石英生长温度不相吻合。这些包裹体的温度随着目前的不断埋深而逐渐增加,并不断接近现今的储层温度,这说明包裹体已开始朝着今天的压力-温度条件进行调整。可见,包裹体的均一温度代表的只是埋藏温度,而不反映石英的生长温度。实验研究结果证实,包裹体再调整的程度和数量取决于包裹体自身的大小、形态和流体组分。通过北海油田中深埋石英胶结物的研究表明,包裹体的均一温度与上述变化过程存在着某种关系。

Deployment and demonstration of wide area monitoring system in power system of Great Britain

The creation of a suitable wide area monitoring system(WAMS) is widely recognized as an essential aspect of delivering a power system that will be secure,efficient and sustainable for the foreseeable future. In Great Britain(GB), the deployment of the first WAMS to monitor the entire power system in real time was the responsibility of the visualization of real time system dynamics using enhanced monitoring(VISOR) project. The core scope of the VISOR project is to deploy this WAMS and demonstrate how WAMS applications can in the near term provide system operators and planners with clear, actionable information. This paper presents the wider scope of the VISOR project and the GB wide WAMS that has been deployed. Furthermore, the paper describes some of the WAMS applications that have been deployed and provides examples of the measurement device performance issues that have been encountered during the project.