Oligodendrocytes(OLs)are highly specialized cells of the central nervous system(CNS).Their primary and most investigated role is to form myelin,a multilamellar fatty membrane that enwraps axons ensuring their insulati...Oligodendrocytes(OLs)are highly specialized cells of the central nervous system(CNS).Their primary and most investigated role is to form myelin,a multilamellar fatty membrane that enwraps axons ensuring their insulation and the saltatory conduction of nerve impulses.The formation of myelin is a complex process during which the OL precursor cells(OPCs,also known as NG2-glia)become mature OLs through a highly regulated program of differentiation.In addition,OPCs persist in the adult grey and white matter parenchyma,representing approximately 6%of the total number of CNS cells.Beyond their role in myelin generation and turn-over,it is now clear that OPCs have the capability to control tissue homeostasis and to sense and react to inflammation which characterizes many neurological diseases.展开更多
文摘Oligodendrocytes(OLs)are highly specialized cells of the central nervous system(CNS).Their primary and most investigated role is to form myelin,a multilamellar fatty membrane that enwraps axons ensuring their insulation and the saltatory conduction of nerve impulses.The formation of myelin is a complex process during which the OL precursor cells(OPCs,also known as NG2-glia)become mature OLs through a highly regulated program of differentiation.In addition,OPCs persist in the adult grey and white matter parenchyma,representing approximately 6%of the total number of CNS cells.Beyond their role in myelin generation and turn-over,it is now clear that OPCs have the capability to control tissue homeostasis and to sense and react to inflammation which characterizes many neurological diseases.
