Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,showed a wide spectrum of intestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations,which rendered the patients physically inactive and impaired t...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,showed a wide spectrum of intestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations,which rendered the patients physically inactive and impaired their quality of life.It has been found that physical activity is a non-pharmacological intervention that improves the quality of life for those patients.Irisin is one member of the myokines secreted by muscle contraction during exercise and could be used as an antiinflammatory biomarker in assessing the physical activity of IBD patients.In addition,experimental studies showed that exogenous irisin significantly decreased the inflammatory markers and the histological changes of the intestinal mucosa observed in experimental colitis.Furthermore,irisin produces changes in the diversity of the microbiota.Therefore,endogenous or exogenous irisin,via its anti-inflammatory effects,will improve the health of IBD patients and will limit the barriers to physical activity in patients with IBD.展开更多
Hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia have resulted from dysfunction of the theca cell of the ovary and adipose tissue and each one potentiates the other in patients with androgen excess disorders e.g.,polycystic ovar...Hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia have resulted from dysfunction of the theca cell of the ovary and adipose tissue and each one potentiates the other in patients with androgen excess disorders e.g.,polycystic ovary disease and idiopathic hirsutism.Possible external and/or internal triggers can produce such cellular dysfunction.There is evidence that sodium valproate acts as a trigger of cellular dysfunction and produces both hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism.Therefore,the elimination of these triggers can help the patients to recover from hyperinsulinemia,insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism.展开更多
Coronavirus disease 2019 is a pandemic disease caused by a novel RNA coronavirus,SARS coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),which is implicated in the respiratory system.SARS-CoV-2 also targets extrapulmonary systems,including th...Coronavirus disease 2019 is a pandemic disease caused by a novel RNA coronavirus,SARS coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),which is implicated in the respiratory system.SARS-CoV-2 also targets extrapulmonary systems,including the gastrointestinal tract,liver,central nervous system and others.SARS-CoV-2,like other RNA viruses,targets the liver and produces liver injury.This literature review showed that SARS-CoV-2-induced liver injury is different from other RNA viruses by a transient elevation of hepatic enzymes and does not progress to liver fibrosis or other unfavorable events.Moreover,SARS-CoV-2-induced liver injury usually occurs in the presence of risk factors,such as nonalcoholic liver fatty disease.This review highlights the important differences between RNA viruses inducing liver injury taking into consideration the clinical,biochemical,histopathological,postmortem findings and the chronicity of liver injury that ultimately leads to liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.展开更多
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,showed a wide spectrum of intestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations,which rendered the patients physically inactive and impaired their quality of life.It has been found that physical activity is a non-pharmacological intervention that improves the quality of life for those patients.Irisin is one member of the myokines secreted by muscle contraction during exercise and could be used as an antiinflammatory biomarker in assessing the physical activity of IBD patients.In addition,experimental studies showed that exogenous irisin significantly decreased the inflammatory markers and the histological changes of the intestinal mucosa observed in experimental colitis.Furthermore,irisin produces changes in the diversity of the microbiota.Therefore,endogenous or exogenous irisin,via its anti-inflammatory effects,will improve the health of IBD patients and will limit the barriers to physical activity in patients with IBD.
文摘Hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia have resulted from dysfunction of the theca cell of the ovary and adipose tissue and each one potentiates the other in patients with androgen excess disorders e.g.,polycystic ovary disease and idiopathic hirsutism.Possible external and/or internal triggers can produce such cellular dysfunction.There is evidence that sodium valproate acts as a trigger of cellular dysfunction and produces both hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism.Therefore,the elimination of these triggers can help the patients to recover from hyperinsulinemia,insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism.
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019 is a pandemic disease caused by a novel RNA coronavirus,SARS coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),which is implicated in the respiratory system.SARS-CoV-2 also targets extrapulmonary systems,including the gastrointestinal tract,liver,central nervous system and others.SARS-CoV-2,like other RNA viruses,targets the liver and produces liver injury.This literature review showed that SARS-CoV-2-induced liver injury is different from other RNA viruses by a transient elevation of hepatic enzymes and does not progress to liver fibrosis or other unfavorable events.Moreover,SARS-CoV-2-induced liver injury usually occurs in the presence of risk factors,such as nonalcoholic liver fatty disease.This review highlights the important differences between RNA viruses inducing liver injury taking into consideration the clinical,biochemical,histopathological,postmortem findings and the chronicity of liver injury that ultimately leads to liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
