This paper reviews the precursory phenomena of the 2011 Mw9 Tohoku earthquake in Japan that emerge solely when we analyze the seismicity data in a new time domain termed natural time. If we do not consider this analys...This paper reviews the precursory phenomena of the 2011 Mw9 Tohoku earthquake in Japan that emerge solely when we analyze the seismicity data in a new time domain termed natural time. If we do not consider this analysis, important precursory changes cannot be identified and hence are missed. Natural time analysis has the privilege that enables the introduction of an order parameter of seismicity. In this frame, we find that the fluctuations of this parameter exhibit an unprecedented characteristic change, i.e., an evident minimum, approximately two months before Tohoku earthquake, which strikingly is almost simultaneous with unique anomalous geomagnetic field variations recorded mainly on the z component. This is consistent with our finding that such a characteristic change in seismicity appears when a seismic electric signal （SES） activity of the VAN method （from the initials of Varotsos, Alexopoulos, Nomicos） initiates, and provides a direct confirmation of the physical interconnection between SES and seismicity.展开更多
The Varotsos-Alexopoulos-Nomicos （VAN） method of short-term earthquake prediction was introduced in the 1980s. The VAN method enables estimation of the epicenter, magnitude and occurrence time of an impending earthq...The Varotsos-Alexopoulos-Nomicos （VAN） method of short-term earthquake prediction was introduced in the 1980s. The VAN method enables estimation of the epicenter, magnitude and occurrence time of an impending earthquake by observing transient changes of the electric field of the Earth termed seismic electric signals （SES）. Here, we present a few examples of SES observed in various earthquake prone areas worldwide.展开更多
The procedure by means of which the occurrence time of an impending mainshock can be identified by analyzing in natural time the seismicity in the candidate area subsequent to the recording of a precursory seismic ele...The procedure by means of which the occurrence time of an impending mainshock can be identified by analyzing in natural time the seismicity in the candidate area subsequent to the recording of a precursory seismic electric signals（SES） activity is reviewed. Here, we report the application of this procedure to an MW5.4 mainshock that occurred in Greece on 17 November 2014. This mainshock（which is pretty rare since it is the strongest in that area for more than half a century） was preceded by an SES activity recorded on 27 July 2014, and the results of the natural time analysis reveal that the system approached the critical point（mainshock occurrence） early in the morning on 15 November 2014.展开更多
文摘This paper reviews the precursory phenomena of the 2011 Mw9 Tohoku earthquake in Japan that emerge solely when we analyze the seismicity data in a new time domain termed natural time. If we do not consider this analysis, important precursory changes cannot be identified and hence are missed. Natural time analysis has the privilege that enables the introduction of an order parameter of seismicity. In this frame, we find that the fluctuations of this parameter exhibit an unprecedented characteristic change, i.e., an evident minimum, approximately two months before Tohoku earthquake, which strikingly is almost simultaneous with unique anomalous geomagnetic field variations recorded mainly on the z component. This is consistent with our finding that such a characteristic change in seismicity appears when a seismic electric signal （SES） activity of the VAN method （from the initials of Varotsos, Alexopoulos, Nomicos） initiates, and provides a direct confirmation of the physical interconnection between SES and seismicity.
文摘The Varotsos-Alexopoulos-Nomicos （VAN） method of short-term earthquake prediction was introduced in the 1980s. The VAN method enables estimation of the epicenter, magnitude and occurrence time of an impending earthquake by observing transient changes of the electric field of the Earth termed seismic electric signals （SES）. Here, we present a few examples of SES observed in various earthquake prone areas worldwide.
基金support of the geoelectrical stations of the SES telemetric network by Basil Dimitropoulos,Spyros Tzigkos and George Lampithianakis
文摘The procedure by means of which the occurrence time of an impending mainshock can be identified by analyzing in natural time the seismicity in the candidate area subsequent to the recording of a precursory seismic electric signals（SES） activity is reviewed. Here, we report the application of this procedure to an MW5.4 mainshock that occurred in Greece on 17 November 2014. This mainshock（which is pretty rare since it is the strongest in that area for more than half a century） was preceded by an SES activity recorded on 27 July 2014, and the results of the natural time analysis reveal that the system approached the critical point（mainshock occurrence） early in the morning on 15 November 2014.
