Excessive waste production has led to the concept of a circular bioeconomy to deliver valuable by-products and improve environmental sustainability.The annual worldwide rice production accounts for more than 750 milli...Excessive waste production has led to the concept of a circular bioeconomy to deliver valuable by-products and improve environmental sustainability.The annual worldwide rice production accounts for more than 750 million tons of grain and 150 million tons of husk.Rice husk(RH)contains valuable biomaterials with extensive applications in various fields.The proportions of each component depend primarily on rice genotype,soil chemistry,and climatic conditions.RH and its derivatives,including ash,biochar,hydrochar,and activated carbon have been placed foreground of applications in agriculture and other industries.While the investigation on RH’s compositions,microstructures,and by-products has been done copiously,owing to its unique features,it is still an open-ended area with enormous scope for innovation,research,and technology.Here,we reviewed the latest applications of RH and its derivatives,including fuel and other energy resources,construction materials,pharmacy,medicine,and nanobiotechnology to keep this versatile biomaterial in the spotlight.展开更多
White biotechnology uses enzymes and microorganisms to produce value-added chemicals from renewable sources.White biotechnology provides valuable components for the food,pharmaceutical,agricultural sectors as well as ...White biotechnology uses enzymes and microorganisms to produce value-added chemicals from renewable sources.White biotechnology provides valuable components for the food,pharmaceutical,agricultural sectors as well as other industries.Metabolic diversity in fungi,yeast,and bacteria can be exploited to produce food additives and other industrial products.This is an interesting topic for those interested in screening and metabolic testing of microorganisms,industrial biotechnology,fermentation technology,and the biological products research community.The use of microbial-derived compounds has a long history in the food industry,and compounds such as flavorings,essential amino acids,poly-unsaturated fatty acids,organic acids,gelling,etc.can be obtained from microbial sources.Also,the role of microbes in human health and well-being cannot be ignored.Microbes produce primary metabolites such as vitamins,nucleotides,and amino acids,as well as secondary metabolites.These secondary metabolites are used to make many drugs.In agriculture,microbes are also used to make fertilizers and biological pesticides.This paper reviews the types of bio-products obtained through biotechnology and the barriers and challenges of white biotechnology.展开更多
文摘Excessive waste production has led to the concept of a circular bioeconomy to deliver valuable by-products and improve environmental sustainability.The annual worldwide rice production accounts for more than 750 million tons of grain and 150 million tons of husk.Rice husk(RH)contains valuable biomaterials with extensive applications in various fields.The proportions of each component depend primarily on rice genotype,soil chemistry,and climatic conditions.RH and its derivatives,including ash,biochar,hydrochar,and activated carbon have been placed foreground of applications in agriculture and other industries.While the investigation on RH’s compositions,microstructures,and by-products has been done copiously,owing to its unique features,it is still an open-ended area with enormous scope for innovation,research,and technology.Here,we reviewed the latest applications of RH and its derivatives,including fuel and other energy resources,construction materials,pharmacy,medicine,and nanobiotechnology to keep this versatile biomaterial in the spotlight.
文摘White biotechnology uses enzymes and microorganisms to produce value-added chemicals from renewable sources.White biotechnology provides valuable components for the food,pharmaceutical,agricultural sectors as well as other industries.Metabolic diversity in fungi,yeast,and bacteria can be exploited to produce food additives and other industrial products.This is an interesting topic for those interested in screening and metabolic testing of microorganisms,industrial biotechnology,fermentation technology,and the biological products research community.The use of microbial-derived compounds has a long history in the food industry,and compounds such as flavorings,essential amino acids,poly-unsaturated fatty acids,organic acids,gelling,etc.can be obtained from microbial sources.Also,the role of microbes in human health and well-being cannot be ignored.Microbes produce primary metabolites such as vitamins,nucleotides,and amino acids,as well as secondary metabolites.These secondary metabolites are used to make many drugs.In agriculture,microbes are also used to make fertilizers and biological pesticides.This paper reviews the types of bio-products obtained through biotechnology and the barriers and challenges of white biotechnology.
