基于静动力试验的铁路连续刚构-拱桥模型修正

为提升大跨度铁路连续刚构-拱桥有限元模型预测精度,同时针对传统有限元模型修正中只采用全局最优解而忽略可能更接近实际情况的局部最优解问题,提出一种基于距离机制的改进稳态遗传算法(DSSGA),利用实测静动力数据对其初始有限元模型进行模型修正。首先,介绍桥梁基本信息、初始有限元模型和静动力试验及其试验结果;其次,介绍DSSGA算法的理论以及其结合Kriging代理模型的基本修正流程,并通过测试函数验证DSS-GA算法的优化效果;最后,通过灵敏度分析选择待修正结构参数,利用拉丁超立方设计构建Kriging代理模型并检验其精度,利用静力位移、试验模态参数构造目标函数,对该桥进行模型修正。结果表明:与标准稳态遗传算法(SSGA)相比,DSSGA算法能够提供目标函数在搜索域的全局最优解和更多组局部最优解,有效避免SSGA算法角度机制所产生的解集不完整的局限性,且全局最优解的目标函数值更小,具有更高的搜索效率。经过模型修正,所有测点的位移相对误差控制在10%以内,频率相对误差控制在5%以内,修正后模型的预测精度大幅度提升。修正后的模型可作为该桥的基准有限元模型,用于后续桥梁健康监测与状态评估。

Differing profiles of people diagnosed with acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection in British Columbia,Canada

AIM To describe the characteristics of people diagnosed with acute and chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection in British Columbia(BC).METHODS We used data from the BC Hepatitis Testers Cohort(BCHTC),which includes all individuals tested for hepatitis C virus(HCV) or human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) or those diagnosed with HBV or active tuberculosis in BC since 1990.These data were integrated with prescription drug,medical visit,hospitalization and mortality data.HBV cases were classified as acute or chronic according to provincial guidelines.We compared characteristics of individuals by HBV infection group(acute,chronic and negative).Factors associated with acute or chronic HBV infection were assessed with multinomial logistic regression models in comparison to the HBV negative group.RESULTS46498 of the 1058056 eligible BC-HTC participants were diagnosed with HBV infection.4.3% of HBV positive individuals were diagnosed with acute HBV infections while 95.7% had chronic infections.Problematic alcohol use,injection drug use,and HIV or HCV co-infection were more common among individuals diagnosed with acute HBV compared to those with chronic infections and HBV negative individuals.In multivariable multinomial logistic regression models,we observed significant associations between acute or chronic HBV diagnosis and being male,age at HBV diagnosis or birth cohort,South and East Asian ethnicity,HCV or HIV infection,and injection drug use.The odds of acute HBV decreased with increasing age among people who inject drugs,while the opposite was true for chronic HBV.Persons with acute HBV were predominantly White(78%) while those with chronic HBV were mostly East Asian(60%).Relative to Whites,East Asians had 12 times greater odds of being diagnosed with chronic HBV infection.These odds increased with increasing socioeconomic deprivation.CONCLUSION Differences in the profiles of people diagnosed with acute and chronic HBV infection necessitate differentiated screening,prevention,care and treatment programs.

基于智能算法的桥梁结构边界特性识别

结构的边界条件会随着服役时间的推移有所改变,为提高有限元模型中支座单元对实际支座的模拟精度,提出了反演策略和群智能算法相结合的解决方式。首先根据设计图纸建立参数化有限元模型,其次根据实测信息,采用群智能算法对参数进行优化,最终提高结构边界的模拟精度。以一个单梁模型为案例,分析了所提方法的可行性与计算精度,结果表明,所提反演和群智能算法相结合可以较大程度降低有限元模型的模拟误差。