A two-stage amplifier of laser eavesdropping model based on waveguide fiber taper

In order to improve ability of amplification about optical arrival angle in laser eavesdropping system, and enhance receiving field of view (FOV) of laser eavesdropping system, this paper presents a new multistage amplifier laser eavesdropping model based on waveguide fiber taper. First of all, taking about four-quadrant (4QD) laser eavesdropping model as an example, from the theoretical view, analyses factors that, currently, laser eavesdropping system face many restrictive factors during practical applications. Besides, from the receiving FOV and ability of amplification about arrival angle of incoming optical axis angles, systematically analyses advantages of multi-stage amplifier model. What’s more,through constructing laser eavesdropping test platform, we demonstrate Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR) of two stage amplification model is eventually promoted to 6-10 dB compared with one amplifying model,especially in low and high audio level, the advantages is more obvious.

Three-dimensional reconstruction of Late Miocene Trapa from eastern Zhejiang Province,China:Insights into its phytogeography and evolution

Abundant plant fossils were found in the Upper Miocene Shengxian Formation,eastern Zhejiang Province,China,among which Trapa belongs to a dominant population.The fossil fruits of Trapa were well preserved with abundant details.However,due to compaction during fossilization,Trapa fruits were often flattened,leading to the loss of some characteristic features.Thereby,a bias in taxonomic and phylogenetic studies would occur when such studies were based on these fruit fossils.In this study,we present the first quantitative three-dimensional reconstruction of compressed Trapa fruit fossils to restore their original morphology prior to burial.This approach provides a novel perspective for the identification and classification of compressed fruit fossils.The three-dimensional reconstruction of Trapa fruit fossils enabled accurate comparisons with extant species.We subsequently identified it as a new species,named Trapa radiatiformis L.Xiao sp.nov.,revealing differences from previously known taxa of Trapa.Importantly,our comparison suggests that the long lower horns and residual stalk may represent inherent characteristics of early Trapa fruits.However,these traits gradually degenerated during fruit evolution,resulting in morphological simplification during geological time.T.radiatiformis with primitive features exhibits good resemblance to Trapa natans fruit characteristics,which means it may be an ancestor of T.natans.We summarize the palaeogeographic distribution of fossil Trapa using previously published literature and demonstrate that the genus was mostprosperous in the Miocene and exhibited the same distribution as that at present.Additionally,through detailed morphological comparisons between Trapa and Hemitrapa fruits,along with phylogenetic analysis within the Primotrapa genus itself,we propose a homology between Trapa and Hemitrapa,suggesting that they could have a common ancestor.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals key lnc RNAs associated with ribosomal biogenesis and epidermis differentiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Objective： In this study, we aimed to expand current knowledge of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma （HNSCC）-associated long noncoding RNAs （IncRNAs）, and to discover potential IncRNA prognostic biomarkers for HNSCC based on next-generation RNA-seq. Methods： RNA-seq data of 546 samples from patients with HNSCC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas （TCGA）, including 43 paired samples of tumor tissue and adjacent normal tissue. An integrated analysis incorporating differential expression, weighted gene co-expression networks, functional enrichment, clinical parameters, and survival analysis was conducted to discover HNSCC-associated IncRNAs. The function of CYTOR was verified by cell-based experiments. To further identify IncRNAs with prognostic significance, a multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed. The identified IncRNAs were validated with an independent cohort using clinical feature relevance analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results： We identified nine HNSCC-relevant IncRNAs likely to play pivotal roles in HNSCC onset and development. By functional enrichment analysis, we revealed that CYTOR might participate in the multistep pathological processes of cancer, such as ribosome biogenesis and maintenance of genomic stability. CY-I-OR was identified to be positively correlated with lymph node metastasis, and significantly negatively correlated with overall survival （OS） and disease free survival （DFS） of HNSCC patients. Moreover, CYTOR inhibited cell apoptosis following treatment with the chemotherapeutic drug diamminedichloroplatinum （DDP）. HCG22, the most dramatically down-regulated IncRNA in tumor tissue, may function in epidermis differentiation. It was also significantly associated with several clinical features of patients with HNSCC, and positively correlated with patient survival. CYTOR and HCG22 maintained their prognostic values in- dependent of several clinical features in multivariate Cox hazards analysis. Notably, validation either based on an independent HNSCC cohort or by laboratory experiments confirmed these findings. Conclusions： Our transcriptomic analysis suggested that dysregulation of these HNSCC-associated IncRNAs might be involved in HNSCC oncogenesis and progression. Moreover, CYTOR and HCG22 were confirmed as two independent prognostic factors for HNSCC patient survival, providing new insights into the roles of these IncRNAs in HNSCC as well as clinical applications.