Improvement in synthetic fiber based composites is a hot topic in the material area.The incompatibility between the surfaces of synthetic fibers is a significant challenge due to fibers hydrophobic property.In this st...Improvement in synthetic fiber based composites is a hot topic in the material area.The incompatibility between the surfaces of synthetic fibers is a significant challenge due to fibers hydrophobic property.In this study,PET(polyethylene terephthalate) fibers based on low hydrophilic were slightly treated with NaOH or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS).SEM images showed that there were some pits on the surface of PET fibers treated by NaOH,while PET fibers treated by SDBS became smoother.The peaks at 3725 cm^(-1) and 3628 cm^(-1) were generated for PET fibers treated by NaOH,which was attributed to—OH produced from the ester group hydrolysis,but no same peak is shown for the treated ones by SDBS.Meanwhile,the crystallinity indices of the treated PET fibers slightly decreased.Compared with original PET fibers,the formation of sheet made from PET fibers treated by NaOH became worse,but that from SDBS treated PET fibers became better.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate a joint beamforming and time switching(TS) design for an energy-constrained cognitive two-way relay(TWR) network. In the network, the energy-constrained secondary user(SU) relay employs T...In this paper, we investigate a joint beamforming and time switching(TS) design for an energy-constrained cognitive two-way relay(TWR) network. In the network, the energy-constrained secondary user(SU) relay employs TS protocol to harvest energy from the signals sent by the circuit-powered primary user(PU) transmitter, and then exploits the harvested energy to perform information forwarding. Our aim is to maximize the sum rate of SUs under the constraints of the data rate of PU, the energy harvesting and the transmit power of the SU relay. To determine the beamforming matrix and TS ratio, we decouple the original non-convex problem into two subproblems which can be solved by semidefinite relaxation and successive convex optimization methods. Furthermore, we derive closed form expressions of the optimal solutions for each subproblem, which facilitates the design of a suboptimal iterative algorithm to handle the original sum rate maximization problem. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and superior performance of the proposed joint design against other conventional schemes in the literature.展开更多
Objective: To better understand the reason that Schistosoma japonicurn (S. japonicum) ultraviolet (UV)- radiated cercariae could not induce high level of protection in C57BL/6 mice. Methods: Microarray technolog...Objective: To better understand the reason that Schistosoma japonicurn (S. japonicum) ultraviolet (UV)- radiated cercariae could not induce high level of protection in C57BL/6 mice. Methods: Microarray technology was performed to investigate the gene transcription profile in skin draining lymph nodes (sdLNs) at 1 w after exposure to attenuated cercariae (AC) or normal cercariae (NC) of S. japonicum in C57BL/6 mice. The expressions of some representative genes were further confirmed by real-time PCR. Subsequently, the expressions of Th1/Th2 cytokine genes, cytotoxicity-related genes, as well as co-stimulator genes in spleens from AC-vaccinated and NC- infected mice were analyzed by real-time PCR at w 3 and 6 post-exposure. Results: The gene expressions of Th1 cytokines, including interferon-y (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-12 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the sdLNs were significantly lower in AC-vaccinated mice than in NC-infected mice. Furthermore, the gene expressions of Th1- and Th2- cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10, in the spleens from AC-vaccinated mice showed little changes at w 3 and 6 post-vaccination. In addition, cytotoxicity-related molecules including granzyme A, granzyme B, granzyme K, perforin 1 and Fas L were up-regulated from the early stage of vaccination, and peaked at the 3rd w after vaccination with UV-AC. Conclusion: UV-AC of S. japonicum could not ef- fectively induce a Thl response in C57BL/6 mice, which may be an explanation for the low protection against parasite challenge, and the role played by up-regulated expression of cytotoxicity-related genes in mice needs to be further investigated.展开更多
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)in acute ischaemic stroke and its impact on the recurrence of vascular events.Methods We conducted a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open lab...Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)in acute ischaemic stroke and its impact on the recurrence of vascular events.Methods We conducted a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open label,blinded,controlled clinical trial enrollingpatients with an onset of acute stroke within 7 days from five hospitals in China Jiangsu Province.Participants were assigned to the GBE group(450 mg GBE with 100 mg aspirin daily)or the control group(100 mg aspirin daily)for 6 months.The primary outcome was the decline in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score at 6 months.Secondary outcomes were other neuropsychological tests of cognitive and neurological function,the the incidence of adverse events and vascular events.results 348 patients were enrolled:179 in the GBE group and 169 in the control group.With 18 patients lost to follow-up,the dropout rate was 5.17%.Admission data between two groups were similar,but in the GBE group there was a marked slow down in the decline in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores(−2.77±0.21 vs−1.99±0.23,P=0.0116(30 days);−3.34±0.24 vs−2.48±0.26,P=0.0165(90 days);−4.00±0.26 vs−2.71±0.26,P=0.0004(180 days))compared with controls.The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at 12 and 30 days,the modified Rankin Scale scores for independent rate at 30,90 and 180 days,and the Barthel Index scores at 30,90 and 180 days in the GBE group were significantly improved compared with controls.Improvements were also observedin GBE groups for Mini-Metal State Examination scores of 30,90 and 180 days,Webster's digit symbol test scores at 30 days and Executive Dysfunction Index scores at 30 and 180 days.No significant differences were seen in the incidence of adverse events or vascular events.conclusions We conclude that GBE in combination with aspirin treatment alleviated cognitive and neurological deficits after acute ischaemic stroke without increasing the incidence of vascular events.展开更多
The outcome of early intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)is worse than that without thrombosis. How to increase the efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis for AF-relate...The outcome of early intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)is worse than that without thrombosis. How to increase the efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis for AF-related ischemic stroke remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated factors that influence the effect of intravenous thrombolysis in these patients. Our results showed that thrombolysis was independently associated with a favorable outcome(P / 0.001) and did not influence the mortality of AF-related ischemic stroke, although it increased the risk of hemorrhage within 24 h after treatment. Risk factors for a poor outcome at admission were:heart failure(P = 0.045); high systolic pressure(P = 0.039); high blood glucose(P = 0.030); and a high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score(P / 0.001). Moreover, high systolic pressure at admission(P = 0.007), high blood glucose(P = 0.027), and a high NIHSS score(P / 0.001) were independent risk factors for mortality at 3 months. Besides thrombolysis, a high NIHSS score(P = 0.006) and warfarin taken within 48 h before stroke onset(P = 0.032) were also independent risk factors for symptomatic hemorrhage within 24 h after treatment. Ischemic stroke patients with AF benefited from intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator within 4.5 h after stroke.展开更多
We consider the state-dependent reflecting random walk on a half- strip. We provide explicit criteria for (positive) recurrence, and an explicit expression for the stationary distribution. As a consequence, the ligh...We consider the state-dependent reflecting random walk on a half- strip. We provide explicit criteria for (positive) recurrence, and an explicit expression for the stationary distribution. As a consequence, the light-tailed behavior of the stationary distribution is proved under appropriate conditions. The key idea of the method employed here is the decomposition of the trajectory of the random walk and the main tool is the intrinsic branching structure buried in the random walk on a strip, which is different from the matrix-analytic method.展开更多
Interferon gamma induced GTPase(IGTP)(also named lrgm3)and interferon gamma inducible protein 47(IRG-47)(also named lIrgd)are interferon(IFN)-inducible p47 GTPases that have been shown to regulate host resistance to i...Interferon gamma induced GTPase(IGTP)(also named lrgm3)and interferon gamma inducible protein 47(IRG-47)(also named lIrgd)are interferon(IFN)-inducible p47 GTPases that have been shown to regulate host resistance to intracellular pathogens.Little knowledge has been known about the role of p47 GTPases in host responses against extracellular pathogens.To investigate possible roles of IGTP and IRG-47 in the course of Schistosoma japonicum infection,IGTP and IRG-47 knockout and wild-type(WT)mice were challenged with cercariae of S.japonicum,and host responses were analyzed.At the acute stage of S.japonicum infection,mice that lacked IGTP displayed similar parasite burden and pathological damage to WT mice.Importantly,S.japonicum-infected lRG-47-deficient mice,in contrast to IGTP-deficient mice and WT mice,showed significantly reduced worms and lower egg-burden,but intense granulomatous reaction evoked by schistosome eggs in peripheral parts of liver lobes.In addition,upregulation of inflammation-related gene expression was observed in the spleen of IRG-47-deficient mice using oligonucleotide microarrays,in which multiple pathways of cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction,T-cell receptor signaling,complement,coagulation cascades and cell adhesion molecules were highlighted.Taken together,these data suggest that IGTP and IRG-47 might have distinct features that were differentially required for resistance to S.japonicum.展开更多
基金financially supported by the innovation project of science and technology plan of Shaanxi Province in 2015(No.2015KTCQ01-44)
文摘Improvement in synthetic fiber based composites is a hot topic in the material area.The incompatibility between the surfaces of synthetic fibers is a significant challenge due to fibers hydrophobic property.In this study,PET(polyethylene terephthalate) fibers based on low hydrophilic were slightly treated with NaOH or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS).SEM images showed that there were some pits on the surface of PET fibers treated by NaOH,while PET fibers treated by SDBS became smoother.The peaks at 3725 cm^(-1) and 3628 cm^(-1) were generated for PET fibers treated by NaOH,which was attributed to—OH produced from the ester group hydrolysis,but no same peak is shown for the treated ones by SDBS.Meanwhile,the crystallinity indices of the treated PET fibers slightly decreased.Compared with original PET fibers,the formation of sheet made from PET fibers treated by NaOH became worse,but that from SDBS treated PET fibers became better.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (61871241, 61771263)Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX18-2422)+3 种基金Six Categories Talent Peak of Jiangsu Province (KTHY-039)Science and Technology Program of Nantong (JC2018127, JC2018129, GY22017013)Stereoscopic Coverage Communication Network Verification Platform for China Sea (PCL2018KP002)Open Research Fund of Nantong University-Nantong Joint Research Center for Intelligent Information Technology (KFKT2017A05, KFKT2017B02)
文摘In this paper, we investigate a joint beamforming and time switching(TS) design for an energy-constrained cognitive two-way relay(TWR) network. In the network, the energy-constrained secondary user(SU) relay employs TS protocol to harvest energy from the signals sent by the circuit-powered primary user(PU) transmitter, and then exploits the harvested energy to perform information forwarding. Our aim is to maximize the sum rate of SUs under the constraints of the data rate of PU, the energy harvesting and the transmit power of the SU relay. To determine the beamforming matrix and TS ratio, we decouple the original non-convex problem into two subproblems which can be solved by semidefinite relaxation and successive convex optimization methods. Furthermore, we derive closed form expressions of the optimal solutions for each subproblem, which facilitates the design of a suboptimal iterative algorithm to handle the original sum rate maximization problem. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and superior performance of the proposed joint design against other conventional schemes in the literature.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,No.2007CB513106)the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.30430600)
文摘Objective: To better understand the reason that Schistosoma japonicurn (S. japonicum) ultraviolet (UV)- radiated cercariae could not induce high level of protection in C57BL/6 mice. Methods: Microarray technology was performed to investigate the gene transcription profile in skin draining lymph nodes (sdLNs) at 1 w after exposure to attenuated cercariae (AC) or normal cercariae (NC) of S. japonicum in C57BL/6 mice. The expressions of some representative genes were further confirmed by real-time PCR. Subsequently, the expressions of Th1/Th2 cytokine genes, cytotoxicity-related genes, as well as co-stimulator genes in spleens from AC-vaccinated and NC- infected mice were analyzed by real-time PCR at w 3 and 6 post-exposure. Results: The gene expressions of Th1 cytokines, including interferon-y (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-12 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the sdLNs were significantly lower in AC-vaccinated mice than in NC-infected mice. Furthermore, the gene expressions of Th1- and Th2- cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10, in the spleens from AC-vaccinated mice showed little changes at w 3 and 6 post-vaccination. In addition, cytotoxicity-related molecules including granzyme A, granzyme B, granzyme K, perforin 1 and Fas L were up-regulated from the early stage of vaccination, and peaked at the 3rd w after vaccination with UV-AC. Conclusion: UV-AC of S. japonicum could not ef- fectively induce a Thl response in C57BL/6 mice, which may be an explanation for the low protection against parasite challenge, and the role played by up-regulated expression of cytotoxicity-related genes in mice needs to be further investigated.
基金The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81230026,81630028)the Science and Technology Department of Jiangsu Province(BE2016610)Jiangsu Province Key Medical Discipline(ZDXKA2016020).
文摘Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)in acute ischaemic stroke and its impact on the recurrence of vascular events.Methods We conducted a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open label,blinded,controlled clinical trial enrollingpatients with an onset of acute stroke within 7 days from five hospitals in China Jiangsu Province.Participants were assigned to the GBE group(450 mg GBE with 100 mg aspirin daily)or the control group(100 mg aspirin daily)for 6 months.The primary outcome was the decline in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score at 6 months.Secondary outcomes were other neuropsychological tests of cognitive and neurological function,the the incidence of adverse events and vascular events.results 348 patients were enrolled:179 in the GBE group and 169 in the control group.With 18 patients lost to follow-up,the dropout rate was 5.17%.Admission data between two groups were similar,but in the GBE group there was a marked slow down in the decline in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores(−2.77±0.21 vs−1.99±0.23,P=0.0116(30 days);−3.34±0.24 vs−2.48±0.26,P=0.0165(90 days);−4.00±0.26 vs−2.71±0.26,P=0.0004(180 days))compared with controls.The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at 12 and 30 days,the modified Rankin Scale scores for independent rate at 30,90 and 180 days,and the Barthel Index scores at 30,90 and 180 days in the GBE group were significantly improved compared with controls.Improvements were also observedin GBE groups for Mini-Metal State Examination scores of 30,90 and 180 days,Webster's digit symbol test scores at 30 days and Executive Dysfunction Index scores at 30 and 180 days.No significant differences were seen in the incidence of adverse events or vascular events.conclusions We conclude that GBE in combination with aspirin treatment alleviated cognitive and neurological deficits after acute ischaemic stroke without increasing the incidence of vascular events.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81230026 and 81171085)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BL2012013)the Science Foundation of the Bureau of Health of Jiangsu Province,China(LJ201101)
文摘The outcome of early intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)is worse than that without thrombosis. How to increase the efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis for AF-related ischemic stroke remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated factors that influence the effect of intravenous thrombolysis in these patients. Our results showed that thrombolysis was independently associated with a favorable outcome(P / 0.001) and did not influence the mortality of AF-related ischemic stroke, although it increased the risk of hemorrhage within 24 h after treatment. Risk factors for a poor outcome at admission were:heart failure(P = 0.045); high systolic pressure(P = 0.039); high blood glucose(P = 0.030); and a high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score(P / 0.001). Moreover, high systolic pressure at admission(P = 0.007), high blood glucose(P = 0.027), and a high NIHSS score(P / 0.001) were independent risk factors for mortality at 3 months. Besides thrombolysis, a high NIHSS score(P = 0.006) and warfarin taken within 48 h before stroke onset(P = 0.032) were also independent risk factors for symptomatic hemorrhage within 24 h after treatment. Ischemic stroke patients with AF benefited from intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator within 4.5 h after stroke.
基金Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Drs. Hongyan Sun and Ke Zhou for their stimulating discussion. Also they would like to express their gratitude to the referees for their careful reading of the first version of paper and useful suggestions for revising the paper. This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11131003), the 985 Project, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. 315660).
文摘We consider the state-dependent reflecting random walk on a half- strip. We provide explicit criteria for (positive) recurrence, and an explicit expression for the stationary distribution. As a consequence, the light-tailed behavior of the stationary distribution is proved under appropriate conditions. The key idea of the method employed here is the decomposition of the trajectory of the random walk and the main tool is the intrinsic branching structure buried in the random walk on a strip, which is different from the matrix-analytic method.
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program 2007CB513106)the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Project No.30430600 and No.30872368).
文摘Interferon gamma induced GTPase(IGTP)(also named lrgm3)and interferon gamma inducible protein 47(IRG-47)(also named lIrgd)are interferon(IFN)-inducible p47 GTPases that have been shown to regulate host resistance to intracellular pathogens.Little knowledge has been known about the role of p47 GTPases in host responses against extracellular pathogens.To investigate possible roles of IGTP and IRG-47 in the course of Schistosoma japonicum infection,IGTP and IRG-47 knockout and wild-type(WT)mice were challenged with cercariae of S.japonicum,and host responses were analyzed.At the acute stage of S.japonicum infection,mice that lacked IGTP displayed similar parasite burden and pathological damage to WT mice.Importantly,S.japonicum-infected lRG-47-deficient mice,in contrast to IGTP-deficient mice and WT mice,showed significantly reduced worms and lower egg-burden,but intense granulomatous reaction evoked by schistosome eggs in peripheral parts of liver lobes.In addition,upregulation of inflammation-related gene expression was observed in the spleen of IRG-47-deficient mice using oligonucleotide microarrays,in which multiple pathways of cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction,T-cell receptor signaling,complement,coagulation cascades and cell adhesion molecules were highlighted.Taken together,these data suggest that IGTP and IRG-47 might have distinct features that were differentially required for resistance to S.japonicum.