Effect of resveratrol on microcirculation disorder and lung injury following severe acute pancreatitis in rats

AIM: To investigate the mechanism of resveratrol underlying the microcirculation disorder and lung injury following severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups (SAP, sham and resveratrol groups) randomly. SAP model was established by injecting 4% sodium taurocholate l mL/kg through puncturing pancreatic ducts. Sham (control) group (8 rats) was established by turning over the duodenum. Resveratrol was given at 0.1 mg/kg b.m. intraperitoneally. Rats were sacrificed 9 h after SAP was induced. Blood samples were obtained for hemorrheological examination. Lung tissues were used for pathological observation, and examination of microvascular permeability, dry/wet ratio and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Gene expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Compared with SAP group, resveratrol relieved the edema and infiltration of leukocytes in the lungs. Resveratrol improved markers of hemorrheology: high VTB (5.77±1.18 mPas vs9.49±1.34 mPas), low VTB (16.12±3.20 mPas vs30.91±7.28 mPas), PV (4.69±1.68 mPas vs 8.00±1.34 mPas), BSR (1.25±0.42 mm/h vs50.03±0.03 mm/h), VPC (54.67±3.08% vs 62.17±3.39%), fibrinogen (203.2?7.8 g/ L vs 51.3±19.1 g/L), original hemolysis (0.45±0.02 vs 0.49±0.02), and complete hemolysis (0.41±0.02 vs 0.43±0.02) (P<0.05). Resveratrol decreased the OD ratio of ICAM-1 gene (0.800±0.03 vs 1.188±0.10), dry/wet ratio (0.74±0.02 vs 0.77±0.03), microvascular permeability (0.079±0.006 vs 0.112±0.004) and MPO activity (4.42±0.32 vs 5.03±0.51) significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Resveratrol can improve the microcirculation disorder of the lung by decreasing leukocyte-endothelial interaction, reducing blood viscosity, improving the decrease of blood flow, and stabilizing erythrocytes in SAP rats. It may be a potential candidate to treat SAP and its severe complications (ALI).

STRUCTURE,MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND BIOACTIVITIES OF(1→3)-β-D-GLUCANS AND ITS SULFATED DERIVATIVES FROM FOUR KINDS OF LENTINUS EDODES

Lentinan samples,(1→3)-β-D-glucans containing 4.6-15.2 wt% proteins,coded as L-I_1 L-I_2 L-I_3 and L-I_4(L-I)were isolated from four kinds of Lentinus edodes.These glucans were treated with acetone to remove the protein in orderto obtain free protein glucans coded as LNP-I_1,LNP-I_2.LNP-I_3 and LNP-I_4(LNP-I).The free-protein polysaccharideswere sulfated to give derivatives(S-LNP-I)with degree of substitution(DS)from 0.4-0.8.The structural features andweight-average molecular weight(M_w)of the samples were investigated by using infrared spectroscopy,elemental analysis,^(13)C-NMR,size exclusion chromatography combined with laser light scattering(SEC-LLS)and viscometry.The effects ofstructure and conformation of the polysaccharides on antitumor activities were assayed in vivo(Sarcoma 180 solid tumors)and in vitro(Sarcoma 180,HL-60,MCF-7 and Vero tumors).The results indicated that the predominant species of thesamples L-I and LNP-I in 0.2 mol/L NaCl aqueous solution existed as triple-helical chains with high rigidity and in dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)as single-flexible chains.Interestingly,the antitumor activities of LNP-I are lower than those of the nativeglucans(L-I),whereas their sulfated derivatives have higher inhibition ratio against Sarcoma 180 than LNP-I.The resultsreveal that the binding of protein,sulfated modification and the triple helix conformation are important factors in theenhancement of the antitumor activities of polysaccharides on the whole.

The Study on the Expression of Keratin Proteins in Pterygial Epithelium

Purpose:To evaluate the expression patterns of several keratin proteins in pteygial epithelium.Methods:The proteins of K8,K10,K14,K16andAE3 in the epithelium of 8pterygia and 4normal conjunctiva were detected using immunofluorescent staining.Results:In pterygial epithelium,the staining patterns of 5keratin proteins were different with normal conjunctiva.No staining of K8,K10and K16was detected in normal conjunctival epithelium,but in pterygial epithelium,K8and K16were present in full thickness and K10was present in superficial cells.In normal conjunctiva.only base layer of epithelium showed positive staining with antibody of K14and AE3proteins,but they were present in the full thickness in pterygial epithelium and the antibody of AE3 protein stained the superficial cells heavily comparing with base cells.Conclusion:The Abnormal expression of keratin proteins(K8,K10,K14,K16andAE3)in pterygia indicates that the epithelial cells in pterygia are in the state of hyperproliferation and keratinization,which may,be the cause of the abnormal tear function in patients with pterygia,Eye Science2000;16:48-52.

Intelligent predicting approach of peritoneal fluid absorption rate based-on neural network

This paper addresses the important intelligent predicting problem of peritoneal absorption rate in the peritoneal dialysis treatment process of renal failure. As the index of dialysis adequacy, KT/V and Ccr are widely used and accepted. However, growing evidence suggests that the fluid balance may play a critical role in dialysis adequacy and patient outcome. Peritoneal fluid absorption decreases the peritoneal fluid removal. Understanding the peritoneal fluid absorption rate will help clinicians to optimize the dialysis dwell time. The neural network approach is applied to the prediction of peritoneal absorption rate. Compared with multivariable regression method, the experimental results showed that neural network method has an advantage over multivariable regression. The application of this predicting method based-on neural network in clinic is instructive. Keywords Peritoneal dialysis - Neural network - Intelligent prediction - Peritoneal absorption This work was supported in part by the guangdong Province Scientific and Technological key Research Program (No.2002C3021l) and the South China University of Technology.

Thermodynamic study of K_2CrO_4-KAlO_2-KOH-H_2O and Na_2CrO_4-NaAlO_2-NaOH-H_2O systems

Phase diagrams of complex multi-component aqueous chromium salt system arethe important theoretical bases for increasing the recovery ratio of chromium and reducing thepoisonous waste in the chromate production process. Phase equilibrium of multi-component system hasbeen calculated from the limited known data with thermodynamic models. The phase equilibriums ofKOH-K_2CrO_4-H_2O, KOH-KA1O_2-H_2O, NaOH-Na_2CrO_4-H_2O and NaOH-NaAlO_2-H_2O systems werecalculated with thermodynamic models. The solubilities of Cr and Al was measured in the systems atdifferent temperatures. The results were compared with experimental data and they are consistentwith each other. It shows that the lower concentration of KOH (or NaOH) is favorable for thecrystallization of KA1O2 (or NaA102) and higher concentration of KOH (or NaOH) is favorable for thecrystallization of K_2Cr0_4 (Na_2Cr0_4). Therefore, K_2CrO_4 (or Na_2CrO_4) can be separated fromKA1O_2 (or NaAlO_2) with controlling the KOH concentration in solutions of KOH-K_2CrO_4-KalO_2-H_2Oor NaOH-Na_2CrO_4-NaAlO_2-H_2O systems.

The Study on the Eapression of Keratin Protins in Pterygial Epithelium

Purpose:To evaluate the expression patterns of several keratin proteins in pterygial epithelium.Methods:The proteins of K8,K10,K14,K16 and AE3 in the epithelium of 8 pterygia and 4 normal conjunctiva were detected using immunofluorescent staining.Results:In pterygial epithelium,the staining patterns of 5 keratin proteins were different with normal conjunctiva.No staining of K8,K10 and K16 was detected in normal conjunctival epithelium,but in pterygial epithelium,K8 and K16 were present in full thickness and K10 was present in superficial cells.In normal conjunctiva, only base layer of epithelium showed positive staining with antibody of K14 and AE3 proteins,but they were present in the full thickness in pterygial epithelium and the antibody of AE3 protein stained the superficial cells heavily comparing with base cells.Conclusion:The abnormal expression of keratin proteins (K8,K10,K14,K16 and AE3) in pterygia indicates that the epithelial cells in pterygia are in the state of hyperproliferation and keratinization,which may be the cause of the abnormal tear function in patients with pterygia.Eye Science 2000;16:48-52.

Harmonic moments and large deviations for supercritical branching processes with immigration

We study the convergence rates of the harmonic moments for supercritical branching processes with immigration Zn, extending the previous results for non-immigration cases in literature. As a by-product, the large deviations for Zn＋1/Zn are also studied. We can see that there is a phase transition in converging rates depending on the generating functions of both branching and immigration.

Gold（Ⅰ）-Catalyzed Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrrolo[3,4-d][1,2 ]oxazines

A gold（I）-catalyzed highly diastereo- and enantioselective intermolecular cycloaddition of oxime ethers with nitrones under mild conditions was developed, which provides an facile access to optically pure highly substituted pyrrolo[3,4-d][1,2]oxazines. The salient features of this reaction in- clude general substrate scope, high efficiency, high enantioselectivity, readily available starting materials, and the use of commercially available ligand.