Snow samples were collected over a 3-year period from 2012 to 2014 at the Hailuogou glacier of Mountain Gongga(Mt. Gongga) and analyzed for 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) using Gas Chromatography–...Snow samples were collected over a 3-year period from 2012 to 2014 at the Hailuogou glacier of Mountain Gongga(Mt. Gongga) and analyzed for 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry(GC–MS). The results show that total average levels of the 16 PAHs ranged from 452 to 290 ng·L^(-1) with a possible declining trend from 2012 to 2014. Distances between the sampling sites and the emission sources were estimated at typically less than 500 km. The results suggest that the major source of PAHs was from coal combustion, while contributions from automobile exhaust played an important role in more recent years. This finding was in agreement with the characteristics of presence of local industry, residence, and recent development of tourism of the surrounding areas.展开更多
Conventional colorimetric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)is a time-consuming laboratory assay that is not very sensitive and consumes a large amount of samples.Herein,the development of a reusable,cost-effect...Conventional colorimetric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)is a time-consuming laboratory assay that is not very sensitive and consumes a large amount of samples.Herein,the development of a reusable,cost-effective,and eco-friendly poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)/paper hybrid plug-and-play(PnP)device for high-sensitivity immunoassay by analyte enrichment and efficient passing-through washing has been reported.The PMMA device has multiple slots where a pre-patterned paper substrate can be inserted.The sample flows back-and-forth through a low-cost,3D paper substrate within the PMMA channels,thereby enhancing the amount of analyte adsorbed and dramatically increasing the sensitivity while decreasing the assay time.After the enrichment assay,the paper substrate can simply be pulled out of the device,and the results can be qualitatively viewed with the naked eye or scanned through a simple desktop scanner for quantitative analysis.The paper substrate can be replaced with a new substrate so that the device can be reused.The limits of detection(LODs)of 200pg/mL for immunoglobulin G(IgG)and 270 pg/mL for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)were obtained.This IgG assay is at least 10 times more sensitive than commercial ELISA kits.In addition,the PnP ELISA exhibited a significant increase in the linear dynamic range from 3 orders of magnitude in a common paper-based device to a wide range of six orders of magnitude in the PnP hybrid device.This reusable PnP device has great potential for the low-cost yet high-sensitivity detection of infectious diseases,cancers,and other important biomolecules.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41073085,41573014)the program of Sichuan Province for research innovation team of universities(12TD001)
文摘Snow samples were collected over a 3-year period from 2012 to 2014 at the Hailuogou glacier of Mountain Gongga(Mt. Gongga) and analyzed for 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry(GC–MS). The results show that total average levels of the 16 PAHs ranged from 452 to 290 ng·L^(-1) with a possible declining trend from 2012 to 2014. Distances between the sampling sites and the emission sources were estimated at typically less than 500 km. The results suggest that the major source of PAHs was from coal combustion, while contributions from automobile exhaust played an important role in more recent years. This finding was in agreement with the characteristics of presence of local industry, residence, and recent development of tourism of the surrounding areas.
基金We would like to acknowledge the financial support from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease of the NIH(R21AI107415)the U.S.NSF-PREM program(DMR 1827745)+2 种基金the Philadelphia Foundation,and the Medical Center of the Americas Foundation.Financial support from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the NIH(SC2GM105584)the NIH RCMI Pilot grant,University of Texas(UT)System for the STARS awardthe University of Texas at El Paso(UTEP)for the IDR Program,Multidisciplinary Research Award Program(MRAP)and URI Program is also greatly acknowledged.
文摘Conventional colorimetric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)is a time-consuming laboratory assay that is not very sensitive and consumes a large amount of samples.Herein,the development of a reusable,cost-effective,and eco-friendly poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)/paper hybrid plug-and-play(PnP)device for high-sensitivity immunoassay by analyte enrichment and efficient passing-through washing has been reported.The PMMA device has multiple slots where a pre-patterned paper substrate can be inserted.The sample flows back-and-forth through a low-cost,3D paper substrate within the PMMA channels,thereby enhancing the amount of analyte adsorbed and dramatically increasing the sensitivity while decreasing the assay time.After the enrichment assay,the paper substrate can simply be pulled out of the device,and the results can be qualitatively viewed with the naked eye or scanned through a simple desktop scanner for quantitative analysis.The paper substrate can be replaced with a new substrate so that the device can be reused.The limits of detection(LODs)of 200pg/mL for immunoglobulin G(IgG)and 270 pg/mL for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)were obtained.This IgG assay is at least 10 times more sensitive than commercial ELISA kits.In addition,the PnP ELISA exhibited a significant increase in the linear dynamic range from 3 orders of magnitude in a common paper-based device to a wide range of six orders of magnitude in the PnP hybrid device.This reusable PnP device has great potential for the low-cost yet high-sensitivity detection of infectious diseases,cancers,and other important biomolecules.
