The functional components and mechanism of Linderae Radix in treating diabetic nephropathy based on the network pharmacology

Objective:To analyze the components and mechanisms of Wuyao(Linderae Radix)in treating diabetic nephropathy(DN)based on network pharmacology.Methods:Multiple online databases were used to search and screen out the active ingredients from Linderae Radix,the related targets of active components of Linderae Radix and the genes related to DN.Search the corresponding genes name of target through UniProt database.Cytoscape 3.2.1 was used to construct the corresponding target gene network of Linderae Radix compounds.Venn diagram was used to screen the intersection genes of the active components corresponding to the target and disease-related genes,and the intersection genes were constructed into the protein interaction relationship network.Finally,DAVID database was used to do GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis for the intersection genes,and the results of GO and KEGG were visualized.Results:1.A total of 7 potential active ingredients and 100 target proteins were screened.2.There are a total of 34 intersection genes between the potential active ingredient target in Linderae Radix in DN.3.The top 10 of the interaction correlation between intersection proteins include:AR and NCOA2,NCOA2 and NR3C1,NCOA2 and PPARG,etc.4.There were 16 entries of molecular function,9 entries of cell component,47 entries of biological process and 18 entries of signaling pathway(P<0.05).Conclusion:DN was treated by Linderae Radix from multi-component,multi-target and multi-link synergies.

Increased Mortality Risks from a Spectrum of Causes of Tropical Cyclone Exposure — China, 2013–2018

What is already known about this topic?Tropical cyclone(TC)has a substantial and adverse impact on non-accidental mortality.However,whether heterogeneity exists when examining deaths from subcauses and how TC impacts non-accidental mortality in the short term remain unclear.What is added by this report?This study found substantial associations at lag 0 between TC exposure and circulatory and respiratory mortality.TC exposures were associated with increased risks for several mortality sub-causes at lag 0 day,including ischemic heart disease,myocardial infarction,cardiac arrest,cerebrovascular disease,stroke,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and Parkinson’s disease.What are the implications for public health practice?This finding suggests an urgent need to expand the public health focus of natural disaster management to include non-accidental mortality and sub-causes.

中国寒潮与心血管疾病死亡风险的南北差异研究

目的分析寒潮与心血管疾病死亡风险的南北差异。方法使用时间序列的研究方法, 收集我国280个区县2013年1月1日至2018年12月31日冷季(11月至次年3月)心血管疾病逐日死亡数据、气象资料及PM2.5浓度, 采用非约束分布滞后线性模型, 分析寒潮与心血管疾病死亡风险的关联和南北方的差异。结果 2013—2018年中国280个区县冷季日均温的均值为5.4 ℃, 日均相对湿度为64.4%, 日均PM2.5浓度为73.7 μg/m3;平均每个区县的寒潮日为11.7 d/年, 寒潮日的日均温为(-2.4±6.7)℃, M(Q_(1), Q_(3))为-1.5(-5.1, 1.1)℃;每个区县每日心血管疾病死亡例数的均值为(6±5)例, M(Q_(1), Q_(3))为5(2, 8)例。南方地区寒潮与心血管疾病死亡风险百分比变化值(95%CI)为4.94%(3.69%~6.20%)(滞后 0 d), 高于北方地区[百分比变化值(95%CI)为1.49%(1.14%~1.84%)(滞后 0~7 d)]。北方地区≥75岁年龄组的死亡风险较低, 百分比变化值(95%CI)为1.63%(1.33%~1.93%)(滞后0~21 d);南方地区≥75岁年龄组的死亡风险较高, 百分比变化值(95%CI)为5.18%(3.78%~6.59%)(滞后0 d)。结论南方地区寒潮所致心血管疾病死亡的风险高于北方地区, 且南方地区风险高峰出现得更早。

Characteristics of carbonyls and volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in residences in Beijing, China

Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） and carbonyl compounds were measured both indoors and outdoors in 50 residences of Beijing in heating （December, 2011） and non-heating seasons （April/May, 2012）. SUMMA canisters for VOCs and diffusive samplers for carbonyl compounds were deployed for 24 h at each site, and 94 compounds were quantified. Formaldehyde, acetone and acetaldehyde were the most abundant carbonyl compounds both indoors and outdoors with indoor median concentrations being 32.1, 21.7 and 15.3 μg·m-3, respec- tively. Ethane （17.6 μg·m-3）, toluene （14.4 μg·m-3）, pro- pane （11.2 μg·m-3）, ethene （8.40 μg·m-3）, n-butane （6.87 μg·m-3）, and benzene （5.95 μg·m-3） showed the high median concentrations in indoor air. Dichloromethane, p- dichlorobenzene （p-DCB） and toluene exhibited extremely high levels in some residences, which were related with a number of indoor emission sources. Moreover, isoprene, p- dichlorobenzene and carbonyls showed median indoor/ outdoor （I/O） ratios larger than 3, indicating their indoor sources were prevailing. Chlorinated compounds like CFCs were mainly from outdoor sources for their I/O ratios being less than 1. In addition, indoor concentrations between two sampling seasons varied with different compounds. Carbonyl compounds and some chlorinated compounds had higher concentrations in the non-heating season, while alkanes, alkenes, aromatic compounds showed an increase in the heating season. Indoor concentration of VOCs and carbonyls were influenced by locations, interior decorations and indoor activities, however the specific sources for indoor VOCs and carbonyls could not be easily identified. The findings obtained in this study would significantly enhance our understandings on the prevalent and abundant species of VOCs as well as their concentrations and sources in Beijing residences.

Projection of Temperature-Related Excess Mortality by Integrating Population Adaptability Under Changing Climate—China,2050s and 2080s

What is already known about this topic?An increasing number of studies have projected temperature-related mortality,but few consider the change of population’s adaptability to future temperature and mortality burden from cold and heat effects.What is added by this report?This study offers a comprehensive characterization of human adaptability and excess mortality burden of temperature across various regions of China.What are the implications for public health practice?The temperature-related excess mortality was projected to increase in the 2050s and decrease in the 2080s.Heat adaptability was projected to increase in the future,but along with the rising temperatures,the heatrelated excess mortality continuously rose,except for the low-speed rising scenario.Although the excess mortality of cold was projected to decrease in the nearer future,it might not keep declining in the long run,due to the decreasing cold-adaptability,which deserves more attention.

Exposure Response Relationship of Acute Effects of Air Pollution on Respiratory Diseases-China,2013−2018

Summary What is already known about this topic?Short-term exposure to air pollutants has been associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and asthma,which needs continuous observation.What is added by this report?This study uses the longest time series data so far from 2013 to 2018 and adds additional data analysis for ozone(O_(3))to existing studies.