BACKGROUND Nocardia pneumonia shares similar imaging and clinical features with pulmonary tuberculosis and lung neoplasms,but the treatment and anti-infective medication are completely different.Here,we report a case ...BACKGROUND Nocardia pneumonia shares similar imaging and clinical features with pulmonary tuberculosis and lung neoplasms,but the treatment and anti-infective medication are completely different.Here,we report a case of pulmonary nocardiosis caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica(N.cyriacigeorgica),which was misdiagnosed as community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)with repeated fever.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old female was diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia in the local hospital because of repeated fever and chest pain for two months.After the anti-infection treatment failed in the local hospital,the patient came to our hospital for further treatment.Enhanced computed tomography showed multiple patchy,nodular and strip-shaped high-density shadows in both lungs.A routine haematological examination was performed and showed abnormalities in CD19+B cells and CD4+T cells.Positive acid-fast bifurcating filaments and branching gram-positive rods were observed in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the patient under an oil microscope,which was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry as N.cyriacigeorgica.The patient’s condition quickly improved after taking 0.96 g compound sulfamethoxazole tablets three times a day.CONCLUSION The antibiotic treatment of Nocardia pneumonia is different from that of common CAP.Attention should be given to the pathogenic examination results of patients with recurrent fever.Nocardia pneumonia is an opportunistic infection.Patients with CD4+T-cell deficiency should be aware of Nocardia infection.展开更多
Alcohol consumption is one of the leading causes of death worldwide.Adolescence is a critical period of structural and functional maturation of the brain.Adolescent alcohol use can alter epigenetic modifications.Howev...Alcohol consumption is one of the leading causes of death worldwide.Adolescence is a critical period of structural and functional maturation of the brain.Adolescent alcohol use can alter epigenetic modifications.However,little is known on the long-term effects of alcohol consumption during adolescence on RNA epigenetic modifications in brain.Herein,we systematically explored the long-term effects of alcohol exposure during adolescence on small RNA modifications in adult rat brain tissues by comprehensive liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESI-MS/MS)analysis.We totally detected 26 modifications in small RNA of brain tissues.Notably,we observed most of these modifications were decreased in brain tissues.These results suggest that alcohol exposure during adolescence may impose a long-lasting impact on RNA modifications in brain tissues.This is the first report that alcohol use during adolescence can alter RNA modifications in adult brain.Collectively,this study suggests a long-term adverse effects of alcohol consumption on brain from RNA epigenetics angle by comprehensive mass spectrometry analysis.展开更多
Ribosomal RNAs(rRNAs) provide the structural framework of ribosomes and play critical roles in protein translation.In ribosome biogenesis,rRNAs acquire various modifications that can influence the structure and cataly...Ribosomal RNAs(rRNAs) provide the structural framework of ribosomes and play critical roles in protein translation.In ribosome biogenesis,rRNAs acquire various modifications that can influence the structure and catalytic activity of ribosomes.However,rRNA modifications in plants have yet to be fully defined.Herein,we proposed a method to purify rRNAs by a successive isolation with different strategies,including poly A-based m RNA depletion and agarose gel electrophoresis-based purification,with which highly pure rRNAs could be obtained.In addition,we developed a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESI-MS/MS) method to systematically profile and characterize modifications from the isolated highly pure plant 18S rRNA and 25S rRNA.LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis showed that 10 and 12 kinds of modifications were present in plant 18S rRNA and 25S rRNA,respectively.Notably,among these identified modifications,2 kinds of modifications of N^(2),N^(2)-dimethylguanosine(m^(2,2)G)and N^(6),N^(6)-dimethyladenosine(m^(6,6)A) in 18S rRNA,and 4 kinds of modifications of m^(2,2)G,m^(6,6)A,N7-methylguanosine(m^(7)G) and 3-methyluridin(m^(3)U) in 25S rRNA,were first reported to be present in plants.Moreover,exposure of Arabidopsis thaliana to cadmium(Cd) led to significant changes of modifications in both 18S rRNA and 25S rRNA of plants,indicating that rRNA modifications play important roles in response to environmental stress.The discovery of new modifications in plant rRNAs improves the spectra of plant rRNA modifications and may promote the investigation of the functional roles of plant ribosomes in regulating gene expression.展开更多
Alcohol consumption is a critical risk factor contributing to a verity of human diseases. The incidence of alcohol use disorder increases across adolescence in recent years. Accumulating line of evidence suggests that...Alcohol consumption is a critical risk factor contributing to a verity of human diseases. The incidence of alcohol use disorder increases across adolescence in recent years. Accumulating line of evidence suggests that alcohol-induced changes of DNA cytosine methylation(5-methyl-2-deoxycytidine, 5 m C) in genomes play an important role in the development of diseases. However, systemic investigation of the effects of adolescent alcohol exposure on DNA and RNA modifications is still lacked. Especially, there hasn’t been any report to study the effects of alcohol exposure on RNA modifications. Similar to DNA modifications,RNA modifications recently have been identified to function as new regulators in modulating numbers of biological processes. In the current study, we systematically investigated the effects of alcohol exposure on both DNA and RNA modifications in peripheral blood of adolescent rats by liquid chromatographyelectrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. The developed LC-ESI-MS/MS method enabled the sensitive and accurate determination of 2 DNA modifications and 12 RNA modifications. As for the alcohol exposure experiments, the adolescent rats were intraperitoneally injected with ethanol with an interval of one day for a total 14 days. The quantification results by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis showed that adolescent alcohol exposure could alter both DNA and RNA modifications in peripheral blood. Specifically, we observed an overall decreased trend of RNA modifications. The discovery of the significant alteration of the levels of DNA and RNA modifications under alcohol exposure indicates that alcohol consumption may increase the risk of the incidence and development of diseases through dysregulating DNA and RNA modifications.展开更多
RNA molecules contain diverse modifications that display important functions in a variety of physiological and pathological processes.So far over 150 chemical modifications have been characterized to be present in var...RNA molecules contain diverse modifications that display important functions in a variety of physiological and pathological processes.So far over 150 chemical modifications have been characterized to be present in various RNA species,such as in messenger RNA(mRNA),ribosomal RNA(rRNA),and transfer RNA(tRNA).Previous studies revealed that certain RNA modifications were correlated to specific human diseases,indicating RNA modifications could serve as the potential indicator of human diseases.However,systemic investigation of the alteration of RNA modifications in different RNA species of carcinoma tissues are still lacked.Herein,we carried out the comprehensive profiling and evaluation of the alteration of RNA modifications in thyroid carcinoma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESIMS/MS)analysis.The developed method allowed us to simultaneously detect 48 different types of RNA modifications.Using this method,we detected 10,15,14,and 25 modifications in m RNA,18 S r RNA,28 S rRNA and small RNA(<200 nt),respectively.Compared to the normal tissues,we revealed a total of 14 RNA modification exhibited significant increase and 2 RNA modifications showed significant decrease in thyroid carcinoma tissues.Our study provided the first comprehensive profile as well as the alteration of modifications in different RNA species in thyroid carcinoma and matched tumor-adjacent normal tissues.The altered pattern RNA modifications may serve as the indicator of thyroid carcinoma.Moreover,this study may promote the in-depth understanding of the regulatory roles of RNA modifications in thyroid carcinoma.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Nocardia pneumonia shares similar imaging and clinical features with pulmonary tuberculosis and lung neoplasms,but the treatment and anti-infective medication are completely different.Here,we report a case of pulmonary nocardiosis caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica(N.cyriacigeorgica),which was misdiagnosed as community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)with repeated fever.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old female was diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia in the local hospital because of repeated fever and chest pain for two months.After the anti-infection treatment failed in the local hospital,the patient came to our hospital for further treatment.Enhanced computed tomography showed multiple patchy,nodular and strip-shaped high-density shadows in both lungs.A routine haematological examination was performed and showed abnormalities in CD19+B cells and CD4+T cells.Positive acid-fast bifurcating filaments and branching gram-positive rods were observed in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the patient under an oil microscope,which was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry as N.cyriacigeorgica.The patient’s condition quickly improved after taking 0.96 g compound sulfamethoxazole tablets three times a day.CONCLUSION The antibiotic treatment of Nocardia pneumonia is different from that of common CAP.Attention should be given to the pathogenic examination results of patients with recurrent fever.Nocardia pneumonia is an opportunistic infection.Patients with CD4+T-cell deficiency should be aware of Nocardia infection.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2022YFA0806601,2022YFC3400700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22277093,22074110,21721005)+1 种基金the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University(No.JCRCGW-2022-008)the Translational Medicine and Interdisciplinary Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University(No.ZNJC202208).
文摘Alcohol consumption is one of the leading causes of death worldwide.Adolescence is a critical period of structural and functional maturation of the brain.Adolescent alcohol use can alter epigenetic modifications.However,little is known on the long-term effects of alcohol consumption during adolescence on RNA epigenetic modifications in brain.Herein,we systematically explored the long-term effects of alcohol exposure during adolescence on small RNA modifications in adult rat brain tissues by comprehensive liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESI-MS/MS)analysis.We totally detected 26 modifications in small RNA of brain tissues.Notably,we observed most of these modifications were decreased in brain tissues.These results suggest that alcohol exposure during adolescence may impose a long-lasting impact on RNA modifications in brain tissues.This is the first report that alcohol use during adolescence can alter RNA modifications in adult brain.Collectively,this study suggests a long-term adverse effects of alcohol consumption on brain from RNA epigenetics angle by comprehensive mass spectrometry analysis.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2042021kf0212)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22074110 and 21721005)。
文摘Ribosomal RNAs(rRNAs) provide the structural framework of ribosomes and play critical roles in protein translation.In ribosome biogenesis,rRNAs acquire various modifications that can influence the structure and catalytic activity of ribosomes.However,rRNA modifications in plants have yet to be fully defined.Herein,we proposed a method to purify rRNAs by a successive isolation with different strategies,including poly A-based m RNA depletion and agarose gel electrophoresis-based purification,with which highly pure rRNAs could be obtained.In addition,we developed a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESI-MS/MS) method to systematically profile and characterize modifications from the isolated highly pure plant 18S rRNA and 25S rRNA.LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis showed that 10 and 12 kinds of modifications were present in plant 18S rRNA and 25S rRNA,respectively.Notably,among these identified modifications,2 kinds of modifications of N^(2),N^(2)-dimethylguanosine(m^(2,2)G)and N^(6),N^(6)-dimethyladenosine(m^(6,6)A) in 18S rRNA,and 4 kinds of modifications of m^(2,2)G,m^(6,6)A,N7-methylguanosine(m^(7)G) and 3-methyluridin(m^(3)U) in 25S rRNA,were first reported to be present in plants.Moreover,exposure of Arabidopsis thaliana to cadmium(Cd) led to significant changes of modifications in both 18S rRNA and 25S rRNA of plants,indicating that rRNA modifications play important roles in response to environmental stress.The discovery of new modifications in plant rRNAs improves the spectra of plant rRNA modifications and may promote the investigation of the functional roles of plant ribosomes in regulating gene expression.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22074110, 21635006, 21721005, 31771193)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2042021kf0212)。
文摘Alcohol consumption is a critical risk factor contributing to a verity of human diseases. The incidence of alcohol use disorder increases across adolescence in recent years. Accumulating line of evidence suggests that alcohol-induced changes of DNA cytosine methylation(5-methyl-2-deoxycytidine, 5 m C) in genomes play an important role in the development of diseases. However, systemic investigation of the effects of adolescent alcohol exposure on DNA and RNA modifications is still lacked. Especially, there hasn’t been any report to study the effects of alcohol exposure on RNA modifications. Similar to DNA modifications,RNA modifications recently have been identified to function as new regulators in modulating numbers of biological processes. In the current study, we systematically investigated the effects of alcohol exposure on both DNA and RNA modifications in peripheral blood of adolescent rats by liquid chromatographyelectrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. The developed LC-ESI-MS/MS method enabled the sensitive and accurate determination of 2 DNA modifications and 12 RNA modifications. As for the alcohol exposure experiments, the adolescent rats were intraperitoneally injected with ethanol with an interval of one day for a total 14 days. The quantification results by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis showed that adolescent alcohol exposure could alter both DNA and RNA modifications in peripheral blood. Specifically, we observed an overall decreased trend of RNA modifications. The discovery of the significant alteration of the levels of DNA and RNA modifications under alcohol exposure indicates that alcohol consumption may increase the risk of the incidence and development of diseases through dysregulating DNA and RNA modifications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22074110)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2042021kf0212)。
文摘RNA molecules contain diverse modifications that display important functions in a variety of physiological and pathological processes.So far over 150 chemical modifications have been characterized to be present in various RNA species,such as in messenger RNA(mRNA),ribosomal RNA(rRNA),and transfer RNA(tRNA).Previous studies revealed that certain RNA modifications were correlated to specific human diseases,indicating RNA modifications could serve as the potential indicator of human diseases.However,systemic investigation of the alteration of RNA modifications in different RNA species of carcinoma tissues are still lacked.Herein,we carried out the comprehensive profiling and evaluation of the alteration of RNA modifications in thyroid carcinoma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESIMS/MS)analysis.The developed method allowed us to simultaneously detect 48 different types of RNA modifications.Using this method,we detected 10,15,14,and 25 modifications in m RNA,18 S r RNA,28 S rRNA and small RNA(<200 nt),respectively.Compared to the normal tissues,we revealed a total of 14 RNA modification exhibited significant increase and 2 RNA modifications showed significant decrease in thyroid carcinoma tissues.Our study provided the first comprehensive profile as well as the alteration of modifications in different RNA species in thyroid carcinoma and matched tumor-adjacent normal tissues.The altered pattern RNA modifications may serve as the indicator of thyroid carcinoma.Moreover,this study may promote the in-depth understanding of the regulatory roles of RNA modifications in thyroid carcinoma.
