Ultralow-weight loading Ni catalyst supported on two-dimensional vermiculite for carbon monoxide methanation

Nickel-based catalysts represent the most commonly used systems for CO methanation.We have successfully prepared a Ni catalyst system supported on two-dimensional plasma-treated vermiculite(2D-PVMT)with a very low Ni loading(0.5 wt%).The catalyst precursor was subjected to heat treatment via either conventional heat treatment(CHT)or the plasma irradiation method(PIM).The as-obtained CHT-Ni/PVMT and PIM-Ni/PVMT catalysts were characterized with scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES)and high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy(HAADF-STEM).Additionally,CHT-NiO/PVMT and PIM-NiO/PVMT catalysts were characterized with hydrogen temperature programmed reduction(H_2-TPR).Compared with CHT-Ni/PVMT,PIM-Ni/PVMT exhibited superior catalytic performance.The plasma treated catalyst PIM-Ni/PVMT achieved a CO conversion of93.5%and a turnover frequency(TOF)of 0.8537 s^(-1),at a temperature of 450°C,a gas hourly space velocity of 6000 ml·g^(-1)·h^(-1),a synthesis gas flow rate of 65 ml·min^(-1),and a pressure of 1.5 MPa.Plasma irradiation may provide a successful strategy for the preparation of catalysts with very low metal loadings which exhibit excellent properties.

Heteroatom-doped porous carbon from methyl orange dye wastewater for oxygen reduction

Banana peel-derived porous carbon(BPPC) was prepared from banana peel and used as an adsorbent for methyl orange(MO) wastewater removal. BPPC-MO50 is a N,S-doped BPPC obtained via secondary carbonization. The BPPC-MO50 exhibited a high specific surface area of1774.3 m^2/g. Heteroatom-doped porous carbon(PC) was successfully synthesized from the BPPC absorbed MO at high temperature and used for oxygen reduction. The BPPC-MO50 displayed the highest ORR onset potential among all carbon-based electrocatalysts, i.e., 0.93 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE). This is the first report to describe porous carbon-activated materials from agriculture and forestry waste that is used for adsorption of dyes from wastewater via an enhanced heteroatom(N,S) content. These results may contribute to the sustainable development of dye wastewater treatment by transforming saturated PC into an effective material and has potential applications in fuel cells or as energy sources.

Biological Characteristics of Aeromonas Strains in Nanchang Area

[Objectives]This study was conducted to find effective measures to prevent and control Pelteobagrus fulvidraco hemorrhage.[Methods]Typical disease materials were collected for bacterial isolation and culture and biological characteristics detection,and morphological characteristics were observed by pure culture method.Biochemical characteristics were identified by micro biochemical method.Molecular identification was performed by PCR amplification method.Drug resistance was detected by disk diffusion method.The agar diffusion method was used for the detection of in-vitro inhibitory effect.The immunogenicity of the isolates was detected by subcutaneous immunoassay.The virulence factor was detected by spot inoculation.The intraperitoneal injection was used for the detection of pathogenicity.[Results]The isolates were round,grayish white,and identified as Aeromonas.They fermented maltose,glucose,etc.,did not ferment lactose,and were negative for urea and H2S and positive for lysine and arginine.The target fragment appeared at 1 500,and the sequences shared the highest homology with Aeromonas.The isolates were highly susceptible to amikacin and gentamicin,and resistant to penicillin G and tetracycline.Eight lactic acid bacteria strains produced 1.1-1.9 cm of inhibition zone against the isolates.After the second vaccination,the titer reached 2^13;both hemolysin and protease were produced;and the test mice died within 24 h.[Conclusions]The isolates are Aeromonas,and have strong drug resistance,immunogenicity and pathogenicity.Inactivated emusion-oil vaccines of Aeromonas combined with the co-use of lactic acid bacteria and susceptible drugs can prevent the outbreak of diseases caused by Aeromonas.

Nuclear Aurora kinase A switches m^(6)A reader YTHDC1 to enhance an oncogenic RNA splicing of tumor suppressor RBM4

Aberrant RNA splicing produces alternative isoforms of genes to facilitate tumor progression,yet how this process is regulated by oncogenic signal remains largely unknown.Here,we unveil that non-canonical activation of nuclear AURKA promotes an oncogenic RNA splicing of tumor suppressor RBM4 directed by m^(6)A reader YTHDC1 in lung cancer.Nuclear translocation of AURKA is a prerequisite for RNA aberrant splicing,specifically triggering RBM4 splicing from the full isoform(RBM4-FL)to the short isoform(RBM4-S)in a kinase-independent manner.

Targeting cancer cell plasticity by HDAC inhibition to reverse EBV-induced dedifferentiation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Application of differentiation therapy targeting cellular plasticity for the treatment of solid malignancies has been lagging.Nasopharyngeal carci noma(NPC)is a distinctive cancer with poor differe ntiatio n and high prevalenee of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection.Here,we show that the expressi on of EBV latent protein LMP1 in duces dediffere ntiated and stem-like status with high plasticity through the transcriptional inhibition of CEBPA.Mechanistically,LMP1 upregulates STAT5A and recruits HDAC 1/2 to the CEBPA locus to reduce its histone acetylation.HDAC inhibition restored CEBPA expression,reversing cellular dedifferentiation and stem-like status in mouse xeno graft models.These fin dings provide a novel mecha nistic epigenetic-based in sight into virus-induced cellular plasticity and propose a promising concept of differentiation therapy in solid tumor by using HDAC inhibitors to target cellular plasticity.

Preparation of highly dispersed supported Ni-Based catalysts and their catalytic performance in low temperature for CO methanation

The use of non-noble nickel-based catalysts for low temperature CO methanation has been a challenge in recent years.Herein,MgAl layered double oxides sample with high dispersion synthesized by a facile N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetic acid assisted wetness impregnation approach,demonstrates much superior catalytic activity and exceptional stability for CO methanation in comparison with the classical Ni/MgAl-LDO catalyst prepared by the ordinary wetness impregnation method.HRTEM results showed that N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetic acid played a positive role in the dispersion of Ni,as well as Ni-support interaction.Well-dispersed Ni particles with a size of about 5 nm were formed in the presence of N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetic acid.Compared to the Ni/MgAl-LDO prepared by conventional impregnation method,the NH-Ni/MgAl-LDO exhibited superior catalytic performance,especially excellent thermal stability.The NH-Ni30/MgAl-LDO catalyst was found to keep a 70%CO conversion even at 160◦C which demonstrates its good low temperature performance.From the in situ FTIR observations,this good performance at low temperatures may be linked to the delocalization of electrons around CO caused by surface hydroxyl groups.