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CEOs’Diverse Career Experiences and the Effectiveness of Compensation Contracts:Evidence from Compensation Stickiness
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作者 Shimin Sun Yongheng Wang +1 位作者 Yawen Wang mengyu mao 《Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第1期52-76,共25页
CEO compensation stickiness represents an important indicator to measure the effectiveness of compensation contracts.This study uses CEO career experience data and compensation stickiness data from Shanghai and Shenzh... CEO compensation stickiness represents an important indicator to measure the effectiveness of compensation contracts.This study uses CEO career experience data and compensation stickiness data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2020 to investigate the compensation contracts’effectiveness of CEOs with diverse career experiences.The findings are as follows:1)Compensation stickiness is more pronounced for CEOs with diverse career experiences.According to the mechanism test,these CEOs with diverse career experiences can obtain compensation incentives by reducing corporate uncertainty perception and improving total factor productivity.This approach leads to increased compensation stickiness and the effectiveness of compensation contracts.CEOs with diverse career experiences may receive excess compensation by raising agency costs,which intensifies compensation stickiness and weakens the effectiveness of compensation contracts.2)Compensation stickiness of CEOs with diverse career experiences is more significant in companies with lower investor protection,which brings about less effective compensation contracts.In contrast,in companies with higher diversification,the compensation stickiness of CEOs with diverse career experiences is more significant,which delivers more effective compensation contracts.The conclusions deepen the research of CEO compensation contracts and provide a helpful reference for CEO compensation management practices. 展开更多
关键词 CEOs’diverse career experiences effectiveness of compensation contracts compensation stickiness agency problems incentive mechanisms
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Detection of Plasmid-Mediated Tigecycline Resistance Gene tet(X4) in a Salmonella enterica Serovar Llandoff Isolate
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作者 Yanan Wang Fei Liu +13 位作者 Xuebin Xu Hua Huang Na Lyu Sufang Ma Luping Chen mengyu mao Yongfei Hu Xiaofeng Song Jing Li Yuanlong Pan Aiping Wang Gaiping Zhang Baoli Zhu George F.Gao 《Infectious Microbes & Diseases》 2021年第4期198-204,共7页
The emergence and spread of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance genes have attracted extensive attention worldwide.We investigated the distribution of mobile tigecycline resistance genes in Salmonella genomes gene... The emergence and spread of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance genes have attracted extensive attention worldwide.We investigated the distribution of mobile tigecycline resistance genes in Salmonella genomes generated by both our laboratory and public bacterial genomes downloaded from the NCBI GenBank.The tet(X4)-positive strains were subjected to susceptibility testing and conjugation assays.The genetic features of the tet(X4)-bearing plasmid sequence were analyzed.Here,we report the identification of the plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4)in a conjugative plasmid of the Salmonella enterica serovar Llandoff strain SH16G3606,isolated from a man in China in 2016,the first reported serovar Llandoff in China as a novel sequence type ST8300.The tet(X4)-mediated resistance phenotype was successfully transferred from the Salmonella Llandoff strain into Escherichia coli J53,resulting in a 32-fold increase in the minimal inhibitory concentration of tigecycline.The tet(X4)gene was located between two copies of ISCR2 in the plasmid pSal21GXH-tetX4.To our knowledge,this is the first report of the plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4)in a Salmonella Llandoff strain isolated from a human stool sample in China.In addition,our findings demonstrated that a total of 171 isolates are carrying tet(X)-like genes distributed in 21 countries or areas across 6 continents,posing a serious threat to humans and public health.Overall,our timely discovery of the recent emergence of the tet(X4)gene in Salmonella isolates and other Enterobacteriaceae bacteria species supports the need for rapid surveillance to prevent the tet(X)-like gene from spreading. 展开更多
关键词 Salmonella enterica serovar Llandoff tet(X4) tigecycline resistance
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